Reflection of Public Policy in Cinema: Sociological Analysis on the Example of Kazakhstan

CC BY-NC-ND 4.0The article examines the features of the Kazakhstani film industry in terms of broadcasted ideological messages. The article analyzes the representation of social problems, state messages, and social values in cinema. On the example of films that have become widely known among the Kazakhstani audience, this article examines the main directions of public policy, directly or indirectly reflected in the production of Kazakhstani cinema. The study analyzed the content of key state policy documents and development concepts in comparison with the ideological messages of domestic films released for mass distribution. The timing of the analysis begins in 1992 and ends in the second half of 2020. This period can be divided into several stages of social development, each of which is characterized by modernization processes in particular areas: 1) from 1992 to the end of the 90s: institutional modernization; 2) from the late 90s to 2012: economic modernization; 3) from 2012 to 2016: social modernization; 4) from 2017 to the present: modernization of public consciousness. It should be noted that this division is arbitrary and belonging to the category of the “ideal type”. To put it in other words, each stage is featured by complex modernization processes, affecting all aspects of social life. The selection of certain stages is due to the predominance of any component, which, however, does not mean the absence of the influence of other factors. Changes in the social sphere and political transformations were reflected in art in general and in cinema in particular

Influence of the Stark effect on the fluorescence polarization of X 1 Σ → B 1 Π-state laser-excited NaRb: application to the direct imaging of electric fields

Abstract We investigate the possibility of using the electric-field-dependent laser-induced fluorescence scheme to create an image (or movie) of the electric field surrounding an object. Specifically we find that when NaRb is probed in this way, vector correlations between the excitation laser polarization, fluorescence radiation polarization, and electric field vector are sensitive to the magnitude of the electric field, even when the wavelength of the fluorescence (and hence final state J ) is not resolved

An integrative strategy to identify the entire protein coding potential of prokaryotic genomes by proteogenomics

Accurate annotation of all protein-coding sequences (CDSs) is an essential prerequisite to fully exploit the rapidly growing repertoire of completely sequenced prokaryotic genomes. However, large discrepancies among the number of CDSs annotated by different resources, missed functional short open reading frames (sORFs), and overprediction of spurious ORFs represent serious limitations. Our strategy toward accurate and complete genome annotation consolidates CDSs from multiple reference annotation resources, ab initio gene prediction algorithms and in silico ORFs (a modified six-frame translation considering alternative start codons) in an integrated proteogenomics database (iPtgxDB) that covers the entire protein-coding potential of a prokaryotic genome. By extending the PeptideClassifier concept of unambiguous peptides for prokaryotes, close to 95% of the identifiable peptides imply one distinct protein, largely simplifying downstream analysis. Searching a comprehensive Bartonella henselae proteomics data set against such an iPtgxDB allowed us to unambiguously identify novel ORFs uniquely predicted by each resource, including lipoproteins, differentially expressed and membrane-localized proteins, novel start sites and wrongly annotated pseudogenes. Most novelties were confirmed by targeted, parallel reaction monitoring mass spectrometry, including unique ORFs and single amino acid variations (SAAVs) identified in a re-sequenced laboratory strain that are not present in its reference genome. We demonstrate the general applicability of our strategy for genomes with varying GC content and distinct taxonomic origin. We release iPtgxDBs for B. henselae, Bradyrhizobium diazoefficiens and Escherichia coli and the software to generate both proteogenomics search databases and integrated annotation files that can be viewed in a genome browser for any prokaryote

Problems of government regulation of gambling as a source of income of the national budget

In the article the questions of expediency of the resumption of gambling to replenish the state and local budgets are considered. The focus is on assessing changes in legislation to regulate business activities in the field of entertainment. The dynamics of the issued, updated licenses to organize and conduct games of chance and patents for the realization of operations to provide services in this area is shown. Besides, the indicators of incoming taxes on particular articles of the State Budget of Ukraine are shown. Conclusions about the need of state regulation of gambling and order of funds transfer from licensing or sale of commercial patent are made

Прагматизм і проблеми державного регулювання сфери азартних ігор як джерела доходів національного бюджету

In the article the questions of expediency of the resumption of gambling to replenish the state and local budgets are considered. The focus is on assessing changes in legislation to regulate business activities in the field of entertainment. The dynamics of the issued, updated licenses to organize and conduct games of chance and patents for the realization of operations to provide services in this area is shown. Besides, the indicators of incoming taxes on particular articles of the State Budget of Ukraine are shown. Conclusions about the need of state regulation of gambling and order of funds transfer from licensing or sale of commercial patent are made.У статті розглянуто питання доцільності відновлення діяльності грального бізнесу з метою поповнення державного та місцевого бюджетів. Приділено увагу оцінці змін законодавства з регулювання підприємницької діяльності у сфері розваг. Наведено динаміку виданих та переоформлених ліцензій на організацію й проведення азартних ігор і патентів на здійснення операцій з надання послуг у цій сфері. Крім того, представлені показники надходжень за окремими статтями податків до Державного бюджету України. Зроблено висновки про необхідність якнайшвидшого державного врегулювання ринку азартних ігор та порядку зарахування коштів, одержаних від надання ліцензій або продажу торгового патент

edgeR for differential RNA-seq and ChIP-seq analysis: an application to stem cell biology

The edgeR package, an R-based tool within the Bioconductor project, offers a flexible statistical framework for detection of changes in abundance based on counts. In this chapter, we illustrate the use of edgeR on a human embryonic stem cell dataset, in particular for RNA-seq and ChIP-seq data. We focus on a step-by-step statistical analysis of differential expression, going from raw data to a list of putative differentially expressed genes and give examples of integrative analysis using the ChIP-seq data. We emphasize data quality spot checks and the use of positive controls throughout the process and give practical recommendations for reproducible research

Global Genetic Cartography of Urban Metagenomes and Anti-Microbial Resistance

Although studies have shown that urban environments and mass-transit systems have distinct genetic profiles, there are no systematic studies of these dense, human/microbial ecosystems around the world. To address this gap in knowledge, we created a global metagenomic and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) atlas of urban mass transit systems from 58 cities, spanning 3,741 samples and 4,424 taxonomically-defined microorganisms collected for from 2015-2017. The map provides annotated, geospatial details about microbial strains, functional genetics, antimicrobial resistance, and novel genetic elements, including 10,928 novel predicted viral species. Urban microbiomes often resemble human commensal microbiomes from the skin and airways, but also contain a consistent “core” of 61 species which are predominantly not human commensal species. Conversely, samples may be accurately (91.4%) classified to their city-of-origin using a linear support vector machine over taxa. These data also show that AMR density across cities varies by several orders of magnitude, including many AMRs present on plasmids with specific cosmopolitan distributions. Together, these results constitute a high-resolution global metagenomic atlas, which enables the discovery of new genetic components of the built human environment, highlights potential forensic applications, and provides an essential first draft of the global AMR burden of the world’s cities

The Ground Electronic State of KCs Studied by Fourier Transform

Rakstā atspoguļoti pirmie KCs molekulas lāzera inducētas fluorescences (LIF) spektru analīzes rezultāti, kas iegūti ar ļoti augstu precizitāti, un veikta tieša potenciāla konstrukcija X 1Sigma+ pamatstāvoklim plašā starpkodolu attālumu diapazonā. KCs molekulas tika iegūtas, sildot K un Cs metālu maisījumu siltuma caurules tipa krāsnī pie temperatūras ap 270oC. KCs fluorescence tika ierosināta ar dažādiem lāzeru ierosmes avotiem: 454.5, 457.9, 465.8, un 472.7 nm Ar+ lāzera līnijām, krāsvielu lāzeri ar krāsvielu Rhodamine 6G (ierosme ap 16 870 cm−1), kā arī ar 850 un 980 nm diožu lāzeriem (atbilstošais frekvences skanēšanas diapazons attiecīgi 11 500– 11 900 un 10 200–10 450 cm−1). LIF uz pamatstāvokli tika reģistrēta ar Bruker IFS-125HR Furjē transformāciju spektrometru, kura spektrālā izšķiršana ir 0.03 cm−1. Īpaši jāatzīmē, ka, izmantojot 850 nm lāzera diodi, bija iespējams novērot LIF progresijas uz ļoti augstiem pamatstāvokļa svārstību līmeņiem tuvu disociācijas robežai. Pašreiz iegūtais datu lauks ietver 7226 termu vērtības X 1Sigma pamatstāvoklim un pārklāj diapazonu v′′=0 līdz 97, kur J′′ mainās no 12 līdz 209. Lai konstruētu pamatstāvokļa potenciālās enerģijas līkni, izmantojot apgriezto perturbāciju tuvinājuma procedūru, tika izmantotas vairāk nekā 10 000 fluorescences līnijas. Pašreiz iegūtā empīriskā potenciāla līkne turpinās līdz 12.6 Å un ietver vairāk nekā 99% no potenciālās bedres dziļuma, potenciāls apraksta lielāko daļu spektrāllīniju ar precizitāti ap 0.003 cm−1 un dod X 1Sigma+ pamatstāvokļa disociācijas enerģijas vērtību 4069.31.5 cm−1. Ir parādīti arī pirmā KCs molekulas tripleta pamatstāvokļa a 3Sigma+ novērojumi, kā arī iegūtas dažas galvenās molekulārās konstantes