Landscapes state of play for Torino, Lisbon and Belgrade [studija]

In this document the project partners capture and analyse the cities the current situation based on the available data on historical and present water sources and resources, usages and customs of the pilot areas. This activity is intended not only to compile and organise existing information, but also to discover and collect 'hidden' traditions and practices. An emphasis is also given to the integration and accessibility of data. This is particularly important sinc e the identified opportunities for development and exploitation should be aligned with cross cutting goals of sustainability and cultural heritage preservation. The aim is to help overcome barriers, improve synergies and increase business value and to support innovative solutions, e.g. developing physical or digital tools that improve attractiveness. This collaborative environment will enhance innovative solutions and bring value added to cultural initiatives. The data and information collected is compiled and made publicly available in repositories existing in each of the cities. Based on this data, the partnership will make a baseline analysis of the potential scenarios of the co-creation/co-design of the cultural activities in the three cities' areas.Authors: Lisboa E-Nova, Torino Urban Lab, KC Grad, N. Mitrovi

Daily Mobility Patterns: Publicness as a Lived Experience in a Hidden Pedestrian Hub

Publicness can be considered as a way of experiencing the contemporary city. In creating publicness, we often focus just on places. There is ambiguity about publicness in transport infrastructure point as place or non-place. In that space, groups of individuals are formed, all set on the goal of reaching a destination. That groups can be named momentary communities. This paper sets out to examine how momentary communities have formed, their needs and aspects of usage, and how they have brought publicness as a lived experience. The study area is Mostar Interchange - an important transport point of Belgrade that connects the city and highway system. It is an intersection point of civic and transport infrastructure. At the same time, interchange connects and separates the city. Historically, by its forming, it erased this part of the city and made the radical cut in the urban tissue. Today, the important parts of the development of the city are urban tissue toward the center, as well as the riverfront, while the transport part remains neglected and witnesses radical urban changes in its environment. Therefore, this space can be considered as a liminal space that has potential. The purpose of this paper is to open the questions and reconsider possibilities of inquiries values of liminal spaces treatment, especially in the context of planning practice. In that sense, the focus of methodology is on literature review, historic research, and walking interview as input data and observations as mapping (urban reading) through different frameworks, and also testing that combined approach in the pedestrian hub of Mostar Interchange as a case study of liminal space. The results should show that although interchange is a liminal space, it has its hidden values in the daily mobility patterns of users that reveal the life of a pedestrian hub with its rules and problems. It is necessary to work on new pedestrian mobility in the development of this space in the city which will include neglected needs of momentary communities

Aesthetics of Transport Infrastructure Space as Landscape Between Flows and Cultures of Movement

The contemporary city consists of a series of vital systems in which different flows are present – movements, traffic, forms, thoughts, experiences, and others. The traffic systems that occupy a large area of the city and are important for its further development stand out. The focus of the paper is on the landscape of transport space between new modes of transport and different flows in the contemporary city on the one hand and the culture of movement and meaning brought by transport users on the other. Sensitivity as a measure in aesthetic reading helps us to understand infrastructure as an integrated part of the landscape, and not as isolated from it. The subject of the paper is landscapes of experience from two perspectives of observation, i.e., two speeds of movement: vehicles and pedestrians–visual and sound landscape. This paper aims to define the elements of user experience in the space of transport, between aesthetics and humanity. The study area is the space of Highway E75 in the old part of Belgrade, especially loops (punctures) in connection with the rest of the city–parts named Autokomanda and Mostarska petlja. The focus of the paper is the avant-garde observation of infrastructures like Bergson’s metaphysics, which contributes to the metaphysical framework of transport infrastructure and the definition of the relative and the absolute in a flow. Also, there are Bosanquet’s aesthetic approaches that help define a new pattern of experience in the aesthetics of transport. Two films of German Expressionism from the Weimar period, “Metropolis” and “Golem”, help to consider social conditions and factors in the space of transport. There is a question of considering space as landscape and also landscape as a space. When space is landscape, we can consider space in the aesthetics of architecture, sculpture, and urbanism, trying to define space-volume and space-direction. The paper contributes to a new way of perceiving the space of transport outside its economic role in the neoliberal world, where speed and connection in the exchange of goods, services, and people are extremely important, seeking the aesthetics and humanity of such a space

Low-Dimensional Models for Compressed Sensing and Prediction of Large-Scale Traffic Data

Advanced sensing and surveillance technologies often collect traffic information with high temporal and spatial resolutions. The volume of the collected data severely limits the scalability of online traffic operations. To overcome this issue, we propose a low-dimensional network representation where only a subset of road segments is explicitly monitored. Traffic information for the subset of roads is then used to estimate and predict conditions of the entire network. Numerical results show that such approach provides 10 times faster prediction at a loss of performance of 3% and 1% for 5- and 30-min prediction horizons, respectively.Singapore. National Research Foundation (Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology Center. Future Urban Mobility Program

Near-Lossless Compression for Large Traffic Networks

With advancements in sensor technologies, intelligent transportation systems can collect traffic data with high spatial and temporal resolution. However, the size of the networks combined with the huge volume of the data puts serious constraints on system resources. Low-dimensional models can help ease these constraints by providing compressed representations for the networks. In this paper, we analyze the reconstruction efficiency of several low-dimensional models for large and diverse networks. The compression performed by low-dimensional models is lossy in nature. To address this issue, we propose a near-lossless compression method for traffic data by applying the principle of lossy plus residual coding. To this end, we first develop a low-dimensional model of the network. We then apply Huffman coding (HC) in the residual layer. The resultant algorithm guarantees that the maximum reconstruction error will remain below a desired tolerance limit. For analysis, we consider a large and heterogeneous test network comprising of more than 18 000 road segments. The results show that the proposed method can efficiently compress data obtained from a large and diverse road network, while maintaining the upper bound on the reconstruction error.Singapore. National Research Foundation (Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology Center. Future Urban Mobility Program

ADUS: indirect generation of user interfaces on wireless devices

Nowadays, there exists a great interest in wireless and mobile devices. However, the development of graphical user interfaces (GUIs) for applications in these environments must consider new problems: 1) Different device capabilities and 2) Automatic monitoring of user interfaces. In this paper, we present an architecture that solves previous problems. We advocate the use of specifications of GUIs and the dynamic generation of the adequate visualization for a specific device without reimplementing each GUI for different devices

Low-dimensional models for missing data imputation in road networks

Intelligent transport systems (ITS) require data with high spatial and temporal resolution for applications such as modeling, traffic management, prediction and route guidance. However, field data is usually quite sparse. This problem of missing data severely limits the effectiveness of ITS. Missing values are usually imputed by either using historical data of the road or current information from neighboring links. In most scenarios, information from some or all of neighboring links might not be available. Furthermore, historical data may also be incomplete. To overcome these issues, we propose methods which can construct low-dimensional representation of large and diverse networks, in presence of missing historical and neighboring data. We use these low-dimensional models to reconstruct data profiles for road segments, and impute missing values. To this end we use Fixed Point Continuation with Approximate SVD (FPCA) and Canonical Polyadic (CP) decomposition for incomplete tensors to solve the problem of missing data. We apply these methods to expressways and a large urban road network to assess their performance for different scenarios.peer-reviewe

IMPROVED ELECTRICAL AND MAGNETIC PROPERTIES IN Y DOPED BiFeO3 CERAMICS

Bismuth ferrite (BiFeO3) is considered one of the most promising single phase multiferroic materials thanks to the fact it exhibits ferroelectric and antiferromagnetic properties in the same time in very wide range of temperatures (up to 370 °C). Difficulties in obtaining pure BiFeO3 phase and dense ceramics, together with occurrence of leakage currents have prevented application of BiFeO3. Substitution of Bi3+ or Fe3+ ions with some transition metal or rare earth ions can improve both electrical and magnetic properties by reducing leakage currents and introducing weak ferromagnetism through structural changes. Y doped bismuth ferrite, Bi1-xYxFeO3, was synthesized by auto-combustion method using urea as a fuel. Precursor powders were annealed, pressed and sintered. Powders and ceramic samples were characterized by XRD, SEM, Raman, impedance spectroscopy, ferroelectric and magneticmeasurements. X-ray diffractograms and Raman spectra showed no presence of secondary phases. SEM images indicated lowering of grain size with higher concentration of Y3+. Electrical resistance is highly improved even at 1 % of Y, while 10 % of Y was necessary to break spiral spin structure, leading to weak ferromagnetism

Bayesian Support Vector Regression for Traffic Speed Prediction with Error Bars

Abstract-Traffic prediction algorithms can help improve the performance of Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS). To this end, ITS require algorithms with high prediction accuracy. For more robust performance, the traffic systems also require a measure of uncertainty associated with prediction data. Data driven algorithms such as Support Vector Regression (SVR) perform traffic prediction with overall high accuracy. However, they do not provide any information about the associated uncertainty. The prediction error can only be calculated once field data becomes available. Consequently, the applications which use prediction data, remain vulnerable to variations in prediction error. To overcome this issue, we propose Bayesian Support Vector Regression (BSVR). BSVR provides error bars along with the predicted traffic states. We perform sensitivity and specificity analysis to evaluate the efficiency of BSVR in anticipating variations in prediction error. We perform multi-horizon prediction and analyze the performance of BSVR for expressways as well as general road segments

Effect of Y-doping on structure and properties of multiferroic BiFeO3 ceramics

Bismuth ferrite (BiFeO3) exhibits ferroelectric and antiferromagnetic properties up to very high temperatures, and is, consequently, considered one of the most promising single phase multiferroic materials. Doping with Y3+ was tested in terms of improving electrical and magnetic properties. Bi1-xYxFeO3 was synthesized by auto-combustion method using urea as a fuel. Precursor powders were annealed, pressed and sintered. Powders and ceramic samples were characterized by XRD, SEM, Raman, electrical and magnetic measurements. X-ray diffractograms and Raman spectra showed transition from rhombohedral to orthorhombic structure at 10 % Y3+ content. SEM images indicated reduction in grain size with higher concentration of Y3+