3,408 research outputs found

    Journal Staff

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    Bröstcancer drabbar dagligen ungefÀr 20 kvinnor i Sverige. Det Àr dÀrför viktigt att se till att processen som dessa kvinnor och deras anhöriga genomgÄr fungerar vÀl och att upplevelsen Àr sÄ bra som den kan vara under dessa omstÀndigheter. Föreliggande projekt har genom ett tjÀnstedesignperspektiv undersökt hur bröstcancerprocessen upplevs av patienter. Detta med hjÀlp av intervjuer av bÄde patienter och administratör inom bröstcancerprocessen. Dessa ledde fram till s.k. patientresor som beskriver hur processens olika steg ser ut men Àven hur patienterna upplevde dessa. Det skapades Àven patientresor utifrÄn hur landstinget vill och försöker fÄ processen att se ut i dagens lÀge. UtifrÄn dessa patientresor hölls en workshop dÀr fyra deltagare ifrÄn företaget Usify arbetade mot olika typer av visualiseringar av denna process. Visualiseringarnas fokuspunkter var vÀntan och kÀnslor, dÄ det hade framkommit under intervjuerna att vÀntan var det som upplevdes mest frustrerande och som den vÀrsta delen under bröstcancerprocessen.   De idéer som framkom ur workshopen omarbetades sedan i tvÄ steg för att filtrera ut de designförslagen som ansÄgs mest passande. Dessa presenterades sedan för de tidigare intervjuade patienterna för att se om dessa överensstÀmde med deras upplevelser och ge dem möjligheten att ge sina Äsikter. Resultatet visade att visualiseringarna kan kategoriseras i tre olika kategorier: statistik, verktyg och upplevelse. Dessa kategorier uppfyller separata behov och pÄ sÄ vis gÄr alla designförslagen att anvÀnda i olika skeenden för olika ÀndamÄl. NÄgot som upptÀcktes under projektet var just hur vÀntan för patienterna resulterade i ett fel i tjÀnsten, de löften som dessa fick hölls inte av vÄrden.   Inom tjÀnstedesign anvÀnds ofta olika typer av visualiseringar för att upptÀcka fel av den hÀr karaktÀren. Problemet med vÀntan i visualiseringar Àr att dessa ofta Àr aktivitetsbundna, de vill sÀga att enbart aktiviteter avbildas. VÀntan ses inte som en aktivitet och inkluderas dÀrför sÀllan. Detta skulle kunna vara det som ligger till grund för att vÀntan förbises, i och med detta bör vÀntan inkluderas i visualiseringar. FörstÄelsen av vÀntan, som i bröstcancerprocessen upplevs som viktig för patienten, Àr nÄgot som kan leda till empati för patienten och ett resultat av detta projekt Àr att detta kan vÀckas med hjÀlp av visualiseringar av vÀntan.

    The Judicial Expansion of American Exceptionalism

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    The percolation theory is established as a useful tool in the field of pharmaceutical materials science.It is shown that percolation theory, developed for analyzing insulator–conductor transitions, can beapplied to describe imperfect dc conduction in pharmaceutical microcrystalline cellulose duringdensification. The system, in fact, exactly reproduces the values of the percolation threshold andexponent estimated for a three-dimensional random continuum. Our data clearly show a crossoverfrom a power-law percolation theory region to a linear effective medium theory region at a celluloseporosity of ;0.7

    The influence of tree age and microhabitat quality on the occurrence of crustose lichens associated with old oaks

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    Questions: How do tree age, microhabitat characteristics and epiphytic competitors affect the occurrence of crustose lichens associated with old oaks? How do microhabitat characteristics and microclimate affect the cover of competitors (bryophytes and macrolichens)? How do microhabitat characteristics cor¬relate with microclimatic variables? Location: Southeast Sweden. Methods: Eight crustose lichen species were surveyed on 165 Quercus robur trees, 17-478 years old, at three study sites. The occurrence patterns of these species were examined at two spatial scales: among trees and within trees. Occurrence patterns within trees were examined in 10 cm × 10 cm plots at all four cardinal aspects at different heights from 0.5 to 4.5 m above the ground. Results: At the tree level, age-related factors were the most important predictors of species occurrence. All species were more frequent on trees > 100 years than on younger trees. At the plot level, the frequency of occurrence increased with increasing bark crevice depth. The frequencies of all study species de¬creased with increasing cover of bryophytes. Bryophytes were in turn more frequent in plots that were exposed to rainwater and showed a low evaporation rate. Patches most exposed to rainwater were directed upwards, and the lowest evaporation rates occurred on the northern side of the trunks. Conclusions: For many crustose lichens the association with old oak trees seems at least partly to depend on their preference for the deep bark crevices that only occur on old trees. Trees represent epiphyte habitat patches that differ in size due to within-tree variability in habitat quality, such as bark crevice depth and microclimate. This study shows that variability at a finer scale, within habitat patches, contribute to explain species occurrence patterns at habitat patch level

    Piercing the Veil: William J. Brennan\u27s Account of Regents of the University of California v. Bakke

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    Porous nickel oxide films were deposited onto unheated indium tin oxide coated glass substrates by reactive dc magnetron sputtering. These films had a cubic NiO structure. Electrochromic properties were evaluated in 1 M potassium hydroxide (KOH) and in 1 M lithium perchlorate in propylene carbonate (Li-PC). Large optical modulation was obtained for similar to 500-nm-thick films both in KOH and in Li-PC (similar to 70% and similar to 50% at 550 nm, respectively). In KOH, tensile and compressive stresses, due to the expansion and contraction of the lattice, were found for films in their bleached and colored state, respectively. In Li-PC, compressive stress was seen both in colored and bleached films. Durability tests with voltage sweeps between -0.5 and 0.65 V vs Ag/AgCl in KOH showed good durability for 10,000 cycles, whereas voltage sweeps between 2.0 and 4.7 V vs Li/Li+ in Li-PC yielded significant degradation after 1000 cycles.EU GRINDOO
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