Development of Fruit-Flavored Glazed Watermelon Rind

Watermelon rind constitutes about 30% of the waste product in watermelon juice/concentrate business. This study was conducted to add value to watermelon rind by converting it into glazed rinds. Glazed rinds were prepared and subjected to 1, 2, 3, and 4 hours of drying at 50 °C. Samples were subjected to preference ranking test and moisture content and water activity determination. The flavored glazed rinds were subjected to preference ranking and consumer testing. Crude fiber and crude ash contents of selected flavored rind was also done. Preference test results showed that the drying time had no significant effect on the preference scores. Except for drying for 1 hour, all others passed the standards for Intermediate Moisture Food. A two-hour drying period was chosen as the optimum drying time. This formulation was applied in making orange-, lemon-, melon-, and strawberry-flavored glazed rinds. The most preferred product was found to have 0.38% ash and 2.14% crude fiber. The color of the product packed in polyethylene bags was stable up to 7 days of storage at 4–6 °C, as indicated by L*, a*, and b* values. But yeast and molds count at day 7 exceeded the acceptable limit. Among the four flavors, strawberry was rated as “like extremely” for color, chewiness, and general acceptability. Sign test showed that all flavored rinds were within the acceptable range at 0.05 level of significance. This can be used in place of glazed fruits and bring down the production cost of certain bakery products

High-Resolution Identification of Multiple Salmonella Serovars in a Single Sample by Using CRISPR-SeroSeq

Salmonella enterica is represented by \u3e2,600 serovars that can differ in routes of transmission, host colonization, and in resistance to antimicrobials. S. enterica is the leading bacterial cause of foodborne illness in the United States, with well-established detection methodology. Current surveillance protocols rely on the characterization of a few colonies to represent an entire sample; thus, minority serovars remain undetected. Salmonella contains two CRISPR loci, CRISPR1 and CRISPR2, and the spacer contents of these can be considered serovar specific. We exploited this property to develop an amplicon-based and multiplexed sequencing approach, CRISPR-SeroSeq (serotyping by sequencing of the CRISPR loci), to identify multiple serovars present in a single sample. Using mixed genomic DNA from two Salmonella serovars, we were able to confidently detect a serovar that constituted 0.01% of the sample. Poultry is a major reservoir of Salmonella spp., including serovars that are frequently associated with human illness, as well as those that are not. Numerous studies have examined the prevalence and diversity of Salmonella spp. in poultry, though these studies were limited to culture-based approaches and therefore only identified abundant serovars. CRISPR-SeroSeq was used to investigate samples from broiler houses and a processing facility. Ninety-one percent of samples harbored multiple serovars, and there was one sample in which four different serovars were detected. In another sample, reads for the minority serovar comprised 0.003% of the total number of Salmonella spacer reads. The most abundant serovars identified were Salmonella enterica serovars Montevideo, Kentucky, Enteritidis, and Typhimurium. CRISPR-SeroSeq also differentiated between multiple strains of some serovars. This high resolution of serovar populations has the potential to be utilized as a powerful tool in the surveillance of Salmonella species

Ransomware in Healthcare Facilities: The Future is Now

Cybercriminals have begun to target the healthcare industry with a type of malware called ransomware, malware that encrypts an infected device and any attached devices or network drives. After encryption, cybercriminals demand a sum of money, also known as a “ransom,” to release the devices from encryption. Without adequate disaster recovery and backup plans, many businesses are forced to pay the ransom. The purpose of this study was to determine the extent of recent ransomware infections in healthcare settings, the risk liabilities and cost associated with such infections, and to determine possible risk mitigation tactics. Financial costs associated with business recovery after ransomware attacks on healthcare facilities are significant and are growing rapidly in terms of both magnitude and scope. Other risks are loss of future business and reputation damage. The best plan of action is to have a proper business continuity and disaster plan with adequate data backups and to be more vigilant in educating employees as to the sources of ransomware attack in order to prevent potential attacks

A Participatory Exercise in Developing Syllabi with Adult Learners

Access the online Pressbooks version of this article here. Transformative participatory approaches in education are positioned to challenge traditional models where instructors bear all responsibility for knowledge creation and learners are passive recipients of knowledge. The promotion of participatory learning and critical pedagogy is essential to helping professionals seeking to understand oppressive structural barriers and employing strategies to dismantle these structures. This article describes a participatory approach undertaken to guide learners through an exercise to co-create syllabus content in a graduate social work course. Learners identified three themes, concerns, fears, and problems, related to the course material. Learners were also asked to think about how they could address the three themes to apply new information to problem solve. Through the syllabus cloud activity, learners shaped course content, decided on the format to deliver content, and applied their status as adult learners in an intentional way. As educators prepare to critically and intentionally dismantle aspects of the learning milieu that may perpetuate systems of oppression, collaborative learning and teaching can help to reduce oppressive practices. Reflections for formative and summative evaluation and future research are discussed

Model Bermain Peran dan Jigsaw Meningkatkan Keterampilan Sosial Memperhatikan Pola Asuh

The purpose of this study was to determine: the difference between the student\u27s social skills model of role playing and jigsaw model with parenting attention. The research method was experiment research. Analysis of the data was using a two way analysis of variance and t-test of two independent samples. Conclusions of this study were: (1) there was a difference between student learning social skills using role playing models and of using jigsaw model with parenting attention, (2) the social skills students in which democratic patterns was better than permissive parentingTujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui: perbedaan keterampilan sosial siswa yang menggunakan model bermain peran dan model Jigsaw dengan memperhatikan pola asuh orang tua siswa. Metode penelitian adalah penelitian eksperimen. Analisis data menggunakan analisis varians dua jalan dant-test dua sampel independen. Kesimpulan penelitian: (1) terdapat perbedaan keterampilan sosial siswa yang pembelajarannya menggunakan model bermain peran dengan model Jigsaw dengan memperhatikan pola asuh orang tua (2) keterampilan siswa yang pola asuhnya demokratis lebih baik dibandingkan dengan pola asuh orang tuanya permisif

Is fiscal policy in the euro area Ricardian?

We empirically determine whether a Ricardian or a non-Ricardian regime is more plausible for the euro area, following the research strategy of Canzoneri et al. (Am Econ Rev 91:1221-1238, 2001). A Vector AutoRegressive model for the primary government balance and the government debt is estimated for the period 1980q2-2013q4. Our model uses dummy interaction terms to account for the breaks due to the introduction of the Euro Convergence Criteria (ECC) and the start of the global financial crisis, respectively. No evidence is found in favour of either regime for the pre-ECC period. In the post-ECC period, a Ricardian regime is more plausible. Some evidence points in the direction of a non-Ricardian regime for the period after the start of the financial crisis

Preparing Social Workers for Practice with LGBT Populations Affected by Substance Use: Perceptions from Students, Alumni and Service Providers

Trends in the field of service among those with alcohol and other drug addictions highlight the urgent need for schools of social work to effectively train students to serve clients with substance use disorders, and have cultural humility to effectively serve disproportionately affected LGBT consumers. Online surveys and interviews examined perceptions of graduate social work students and alumni in a certified alcohol and drug counselor program, along with several service providers within an urban setting in the US. Results indicated that students and alumni did not feel adequately prepared through coursework to practice with LGBT populations affected by substance use, while feeling more clinically competent to practice with LGB individuals, than with transgender consumers. Similar findings related to unique differences associated with perceptions of faculty support, along with field preparedness to practice with LGB individuals when compared to transgender individuals. Service providers noted an overall commitment and to serve LGBT consumers as well as positive perceptions of students and alumni to do the same. Implications examine the role of faculty in addressing challenges related to preparation of social work students to practice with LGBT consumers affected by substance use disorders, along with suggestions for curricular changes, and ongoing field trainings

Healthcare Facilities: Another Target for Ransomware Attacks

Ransomware is a type of malware used by cyber criminals who encrypt files and then extort money in return for unlocking those files. Without adequate disaster recovery and backup plans, many businesses are forced to pay the ransom. We examine recent ransomware infections in healthcare settings, the liabilities and cost associated with such infections, and discuss possible risk mitigation tactics. Risks associated with ransomware attacks on healthcare facilities include financial, future business loss and damage to reputation. Healthcare facilities should have a disaster plan with adequate data backups and educate employees who are the usual sources of ransomware attacks