What is the Purpose of the Theses Addressing the Issue of Program Evaluation in Turkey? (The Case of Curriculum and Instruction: 1997-2015)

In the current study, the aim is to investigate the theses addressing the issue of program evaluation in the field of Curriculum and Instruction (C&I) in 1997-2015. The study employed the survey model. The universe of the study consists of totally 87 theses addressing the issue of program evaluation in the field of C&I in 1997-2015. As the data collection instrument of the study, the document analysis technique was used in the current study. The master’s and doctorate theses to be analyzed in the current study were obtained by writing “curriculum and instruction” in the search engine of the national thesis center of the Council of Higher Education. The data collected in the study were analyzed by using NVivo10.0. program package through content analysis. The findings of the analysis revealed that nearly half of the theses addressed the issue of program evaluation in elementary education and the other half dealt with program evaluation in other levels of schooling (higher education, high school education, in-service training, pre-school education, adult education, special education). The number of theses addressing program evaluation within the context of in-service training, pre-school education, adult education and special education is quite small. Another important finding of the study is the paucity of the studies aiming to investigate/evaluate hidden curriculum in all the levels of schooling

Research 0n Bark Beetle Species (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) Seen in Hazelnut Orchards in Düzce

Düzce ili Esentepe, Çamlıpınar ve Hamamüstü köylerindeki fındık üretim alanlarındaki yazıcıböcek türleri (Col: Scolytidae) 2013 ve 2014 yılında yapılan bu çalışma ile tespit edilmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda, Xyleborus dispar Fabricius, Xyleborus saxeseni Ratzeburg, Xyleborus germanus Blanford ve Lymantor coryli Perris olmak üzere 4 tür saptanmıştır. Bu zararlılardan L. coryli’ ye sadece Çamlıpınar köyünde çok az oranda rastlanılmıştır. 2014 yılında Esentepe köyünde diğer türlere oranla X. dispar erginlerinin sayısı fazla iken Çamlıpınar ve Hamamüstü köylerinde Xyleborus saxeseni erginlerinin sayısı daha fazla bulunmuştur. Çamlıpınar köyündeki yazıcıböceklerin 2013 yılındaki ilk ergin çıkışları 13-18 Mart arasında belirlenmiştir. 2014 yılında X. dispar ve X. saxeseni’nin ilkbahardaki ilk ergin çıkışları Mart ayının ikinci haftasından itibaren (13-19 Mart) saptanmışken, X. germanus’un ilkbahardaki ilk ergin çıkışları Mart ayının son haftasında (21-27 Mart) olmuştur. X. dispar’ ın yaz dönemindeki çıkışı Temmuz ayının ilk haftasından itibaren başlamıştır. 2013 ve 2014 yılında bahçelerde yazıcıböcek zarar oranı tespit edilmiştir.This study was carried out to determine the bark beetles species collected in Düzce (Esentepe, Çamlıpınar and Hamamüstü) during the 2013-2014. Four bark beetles (Col: Scolytidae), were determined at the end of this study. These species are Xyleborus dispar Fabricius, Xyleborus saxeseni Ratzeburg, Xyleborus germanus Blanford and Lymantor coryli Perris. L. coryli was found very few rate in only Çamlıpınar village. The number of X. saxeseni adults was found much more in the village of Hamamüstü and Çamlıpınar while in Esentepe the number of X. dispar bark beetles was more compared to the rate of other species in 2014. First adult flights of bark beetles in Çamlıpınar village were determined between 13-18 March in 2013. First adult flights X. dispar and X. saxeseni in spring were determined from the second week of March (13-19 March), the first adult flights of X. germanus happened at the last week of March (21-27 March) in 2014. The flights of X. dispar in summer term begin from the first week of July. The harm rate of bark beetles were determined in hazelnut orchards in 2013 and 2014

Lornoxicam use to reduce the pain associated with propofol injection

Aim: To investigate the efficacy of lornoxicam in the prevention of the pain associated with propofol injection.Material and method: Approval for this study was granted by the ethics committee of our hospital. Using a computer randomisation software, 120 patients undergoing elective surgery were assigned to four equal groups. In Group I (control group), immediately before anaesthesia induction, 10 ml of isotonic 0.9% NaCl solution (placebo) was administered intravenously (IV). In Groups II, III and IV, the same injection contained 2 mg, 4 mg and 8 mg of lornoxicam respectively. A tourniquet was then applied to the forearm for two minutes. Pain evaluation was made using a verbal pain score.Results: Differences in pain severity scores were statistically significant between Groups I and II, Groups I and III, Groups I and IV and between Groups II and III (p < 0.05). However, no significant difference was determined between Groups III and IV (p = 0.401).Conclusion: In all groups administered with lornoxicam, there was a significant reduction in the severity of pain associated with propofol injection, in comparison with the control group. Maximum effect is obtained with a dose of 4 mg

Felsefe ve Eleştirel Düşünme1

Felsefenin kurallarını-kaygılarını tanımadan, felsefenin yöntemlerine başvurmadan, felsefi tutuma ilişkin farkındalık yaratmadan eleştirel düşünen bireyler yetiştirmek güçtür. (Eleştirel) düşünme eğitiminin işlevsellik kazanmasında; bu eğitimin, felsefenin unsurlarına ilişkin bilgisi ve farkındalığı olan, felsefi tutumun ve düşüncenin özelliklerini bilen öğretmenler tarafından yürütülmesi önemlidir. Bu iddianın kuramsal olarak temellendirilmesi gereksiniminden hareketle, bu çalışmada, felsefenin unsurları ile eleştirel düşünme arasındaki ilişkinin tartışılması amaçlanmıştır. Bu bağlamda çalışmada, önce "felsefe - eleştirel düşünme", "bilge - eleştirel düşünür" kavramları arasındaki ilişki konu edilmiştir. Ardından ise "felsefe" ve "eleştirel düşünme" kavramlarının kesişim kümesinde yer alan alt kavramlardan hareket edilerek, felsefenin-felsefi düşüncenin, eleştirel düşünmenin geliştirilmesiyle doğrudan ilişkili olan kurallarına, yöntemlerine ve kaygılarına açıklık getirilmiştir

Öğretmen Adaylarının Eğitim İnançları ile Eleştirel Düşünme Eğilimleri Arasındaki İlişki

The purpose of the present study is to determine whether there is a relationship between the preservice teachers’ educational beliefs and their tendency to think critically. Moreover, the study also looks at whether the critical thinking tendency varies depending on the variables such as gender, the classroom attended, department, the state of book reading habit, and mother and father’s education level. The population of this research employing a survey model consists of 908 pre-service teachers of all the departments of the Education Faculty of Ankara University. The data collection instruments of the study are “California Critical Thinking Disposition Inventory” and “Educational Beliefs Scale”. Pearson Moments Product Correlation Coefficient, ttest, and ANOVA were used in the analysis of the data. The findings of the study revealed that there were significant relations between the sub-dimensions of the Educational Beliefs Scale and the Critical Thinking Disposition Inventory.Bu araştırmada, öğretmen adaylarının eğitim inançları ile eleştirel düşünme eğilimleri arasındaki ilişkinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Ayrıca araştırmada, eğitim inançlarının ve eleştirel düşünme eğilimlerinin “cinsiyet, sınıf düzeyi,  öğrenim görülen program, kitap okuma durumu, anne ve baba eğitim durumu” değişkenlerine göre farklılaşıp farklılaşmadığı incelenmiştir. Tarama modelindeki araştırmanın çalışma evrenini, 2012-2013 eğitim-öğretim yılı Bahar yarıyılında Ankara Üniversitesi Eğitim Bilimleri Fakültesi’nde öğrenim gören toplam 908 öğretmen adayı oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmanın verilerinin toplanmasında “Eğitim İnançları Ölçeği (EİÖ)” ve “California Eleştirel Düşünme Eğilimi Ölçeği (CEDEÖ)” kullanılmıştır. Verilerin çözümlenmesinde, betimsel istatistikler, Pearson Momentler Çarpımı Korelasyon Katsayısı, t testi ve Anova kullanılmıştır. Araştırmadan elde edilen bulgular, öğretmen adaylarının eğitim inançları ile eleştirel düşünme eğilimleri arasında anlamlı ilişkiler olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır

Longitudinal Skeletal Changes in a Turkish Anatolian Population

The goal of this study was to detect the growth changes in the maxilla and mandible of Turkish Anatolian subjects by using frequently analyzed measurements in orthodontic diagnosis. 30 subjects (15 males and 15 females) with Angle class I occlusal relationship, and normal anteroposterior (ANB, 2–4 degrees) and vertical (SN-GoGn, 32±5 degrees) skeletal relationships selected from the university archive were included in this study. Lateral cephalometric radiographs of subjects taken at T1 (mean age 8.8 years), T2 (mean age 13.8 years) and T3 (mean age 17.8 year) periods were investigated with gender difference and also research was carried out without gender difference at the same time periods. A total of fifteen measurements were analyzed longitudinally. As a result of our study, all values except ANB angle in girls and except Y-axis angle in boys showed statistically significant changes. Between boys and girls, significant differences were found in Y-axis angle in the period of T1; in Y-axis angle, ANS-PNS, ANSPNS-P measurements in the period of T2, and in ANB angle, ANSPNS, ANSPNS-P, Co-A and Co-Gn measurements in the period of T3. Similar results were found in other measurements except these between boys and girls. In conclusion, boys and girls showed similar findings in angular measurements, but only Y-axis angle was statistically greater in girls than in boys in the periods of T1 and T2. This showed an early vertical mandibular growth in girls than in boys. In linear measurements, boys generally showed greater results than girls

Investigation of TAp63 gene expression and follicle count using melatonin in cisplatin-induced ovarian toxicity

Background: Premature ovarian failure is among the most important side effects of chemotherapy during reproductive period. Preserving ovarian function is gradually gaining importance during oncologic treatment. The present study aims to investigate the potential of melatonin to protect from cisplatin-induced ovarian toxicity in rats.Methods: Twenty-nine female rats were divided to three groups: Saline control group (group 1), cisplatin group (group 2), and cisplatin and melatonin group (group 3). While the rats in groups 2 and 3 were administered 5 mg/kg single dose of cisplatin via intra-peritoneal (IP) route, the rats in group 3 were started on melatonin (20 mg/kg IP) before cisplatin administration and continued during 3 consecutive days. Ovaries were removed one week after cisplatin administration in all groups. Blood samples were obtained before the rats were decapitated. Histological evaluation, follicle count, and classification were performed. TAp63 mRNA expression was evaluated using mRNA extraction and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. Serum estradiol (E2) and anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) values were measured with enzyme immune-assay technology.Results: While primordial follicles were seen to decrease in group 2 as compared to group 1 (p=0.023), primordial follicle count was observed to be preserved significantly in melatonin group as compared to group 2 (p=0.047). Moreover, cisplatin-induced histo-pathological morphology was preserved in favor of normal histology in melatonin group. A significant difference was not observed between groups with regard to mean serum AMH and E2 values (p=0.102 and p=0.411, respectively). While TAp63 gene expression significantly increased in group 2 as compared to control group (p=0.001), we did not detect a statistically significant difference in cisplatin and melatonin group, although gene expression decreased (p=0.34).Conclusions: We conclude that concurrent administration of melatonin and cisplatin may protect from ovarian damage

Could the increase in oxidative stress be the reason for the increased polyamine levels in diabetic obese and non-diabetic obese patients?

Putresin, spermine, and spermidine are important polyamines found in all living organisms. In this study, as a first in the literature, we aimed to investigate polyamines levels and their relationship with oxidative stress in obese adults. The study was carried out with 85 obese patients and 29 healthy controls. Glucose, HbA1c, urea, uric acid, CRP, Total antioxidant status and Total oxidant status putrescine, spermine and spermidine levels were analysed. The study found putrescine and spermidine levels in obesity (0.25 ±0.13) (2.29 ±0.79) were found to be significantly lower, respectively, than the control group (0.38± 0.08) (1.80 ± 0.68) (p<0.05). It was observed that both OSI and TOS values in the diabetic obese group were statistically higher than both the control group and the non-diabetic obese group. As a result; although polyamine levels are low in obesity, increased oxidative stress in the diabetic obese group caused an increase in polyamine levels

Otizm Spektrum Bozukluğu Olan 6 Yaşından Küçük Erkekler Çocuklarda Serum S100B Düzeylerinin Değerlendirilmesi: Psikiyatrik ve Biyokimyasal Perspektif

Aim: Autism spectrum disorder is a neurodevelopmental disorder. The S100 calcium binding protein B (S100B) is among the markers of astrocyte activation as well as brain damage. Herein, it was aimed to evaluate S100B levels to determine whether there is a relation with the severity of autism spectrum disorder and establish possible causes of different results among the studies in the literature from a psychiatric and biochemical perspective. Material and Methods: Twenty-five male children with autism spectrum disorder were included as the study group along with twenty-seven male children as the control group. The childhood autism rating scale and the autism behavior checklist were applied. Serum S100B protein levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: The mean serum S100B level was 1008.61±171.34 pg/mL in the study group and 1060.14±182.83 pg/mL in the control group, and no statistically significant difference was found between the groups (p=0.300). Based on the childhood autism rating scale scores, 60% (n=15) of the children with autism spectrum disorder had severe autism, whereas 40% (n=10) had mild-to-moderate autism. There was no significant difference in terms of the serum S100B levels between the groups of autism spectrum disorder severity (p=0.935) or according to the autistic regression status (p=0.667). Conclusion: For S100B to be accepted as a reliable biomarker for autism spectrum disorder, more studies considering some factors with larger samples should be performed. Moreover, to understand the effect of biochemical methodology on the results, further studies are suggested on this subject

Blau Syndrome and Early-Onset Sarcoidosis: A Six Case Series and Review of the Literature.

Objectives: This study aims to discuss the clinical, laboratory and genetic findings, and treatment options for six patients who were diagnosed with Blau syndrome (BS)/early-onset sarcoidosis (EOS). Patients and methods: The study included four patients (2 males,2 females; mean age 7 years; range 4 to 10 years) with EOS and two siblings (1 male, 1 female; mean age 10 years; range, 9 to 11 years) with BS. Age, age of initial symptoms, age of diagnosis; articular involvement, presence of uveitis, dermatitis, or fever, other organ involvement, laboratory findings, results of metabolic tests for mucopolysaccharidosis and mucolipidosis, results of genetic, pathologic, and immunologic tests, radiologic findings to evaluate skeletal dysplasia, and treatment options were collected. Results: The median age at diagnosis of all patients was 6 years (range, 1 to 10 years). Five patients had camptodactyly and bilateral boggy synovitis in the wrists and ankles, one had granulomatous inflammatory changes in the liver and kidney biopsy, and one had attacks of fever and granulomatous dermatitis. None had uveitis. The detected mutations in nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain containing 2 (NOD2) were P268S (rs2066842), M513T (rs104895473), R702W (rs2066844), V955I (rs5743291), H343Y (rs199858111), and M491L (16:50745293). The treatments of patients included corticosteroids, non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs, methotrexate, infliximab, adalimumab, anakinra, and canacinumab. Conclusion: Camptodactyly and boggy synovitis are important signs of BS/EOS. Methotrexate and tumor necrosis factor blockers are more effective in patients with predominantly articular symptoms. In patients 5 and 6 and their mother, we determined a novel M491L mutation in the NOD2 gene. Currently, this work is in progress towards identifying the pathogenesis and treatment options for this disease