Expense Tracker Web Application

Budget Tracker is an easy-to-use daily cost management system, effectively managing daily web- based programs that reduce the need for handy manuals that keep records neatly and easily access user-stored data. The web application "Expense Tracker" is designed to manage daily expenses efficiently and effectively. By using this app we can reduce hand counts for daily expenses and track expenses. In this application, the user can give his salary to calculate his total cost per day and these results will be stored for each user. The app has a system for predicting the income and expenses of a manager using data mining. In this application, there are 3 entries such as manager, manager and employees. Administrator reserves the right to add, edit, remove manager, add, edit, remove employees, and receive all custom reports. To the Administrator, the rights are to increase the type of expenditure, verify costs, increase revenue type, verify revenue and generate reports. For employees, the rightsto add and arrange costs,income and statistics, and shipping to be guaranteed

Reflections on Sustaining Morale and Combat Motivation in Soldiers

Military morale and motivation formulate the signature strength of a fighting force. However, sustenance of these faculties is a bigger challenge than generating them. The exponential development in the neo-cortex and emerging social structure has made human beings hardcore individualistic. The sense of ‘self’ has become much stronger than the sense of the whole. This results in the recurrent violation of collective identity, as evidenced by the rise in numbers of misconduct behaviors, mutinies, estranged leader-led relations, desertion, fragging, and suicides. Utilizing the lessons from various ecological systems and derived scientific principles, the present paper takes note of significant researches in the area to arrive at a reflective model of Morale and Combat Motivation in soldiers. Firstly, it attempts to understand ‘why and why not the soldiers shall fight’ and subsequently give suggestive guidelines to ‘how they will continue to fight’ with particular reference to the Indian military setup. The model can be utilised by military leaders and policymakers alike who are entrusted with the herculean task of upkeeping battle-mind state of soldiers in military organisations

ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF PLANT BIOSURFACTANT EXTRACT FROM SAPINDUS MUKOROSSI AND IN SILICO EVALUATION OF ITS BIOACTIVITY

Objective: Natural biosurfactants can replace synthetic surfactants and find applications in cosmetic products. Saponin extracts from Sapindus mukorossi fruits have emulsifying properties and have traditionally been used in hair care treatments. Their utility can be enhanced by studying their antimicrobial activity against common skin and other microorganisms.Methods: Aqueous biosurfactant extracts were prepared from fruits of S. mukorossi. Concentrated and diluted extracts were tested for antimicrobial activity against Micrococcus luteus, Brevibacterium linens, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas fluorescens by the well diffusion method and measuring the zone of inhibition. In silico biological activity of different saponins present in S. mukorossi was studied using the software Prediction of Activity Spectra for Substances (PASS).Results: Concentrated extracts were most active against all the target microorganisms. Gram positive organisms were inhibited more than Gram negative ones. Diluted extracts produced comparable inhibition zones, suggesting that the extent of dilution does not affect the antimicrobial activity further. In silico evaluation showed that major saponin types (Sapindoside B, Sapinmusaponin A, Sapinmusaponin F and Sapinmusaponin N) had antibacterial activity with probable activity to probable inactivity (Pa>Pi) values less than the threshold level of 0.7.Conclusion: Biosurfactant (saponin) extracts from S. mukorossi, can be included in herbal care products not only for their emulsifying properties, but also for their antimicrobial effect. While in silico study showed less than threshold level of antibacterial activity, the combination of all these saponin types together probably contributed to the synergistic antibacterial activity.Â

Trends in maternal mortality in a tertiary hospital in West Delhi

Background: Aim of current study was to find out incidence, causes and complications leading to maternal deaths in a tertiary care hospital and possible prevention of maternal deaths. Methods: Individual records of all maternal deaths over a period of five years from January 2006 to December 2010 were studied and causes of death and avoidable factors in each case were studied. Results: Major causes of maternal deaths were same throughout the study. The causes of maternal deaths were Hemorrhage (19.21%), Sepsis (15.76%), PIH (12.80%), Jaundice (8.37%). Direct obstetric causes contributed to 65.51% of cases. Indirect causes of maternal death contributed to 45.81%. Anemia alone accounted for 26.1% deaths.  Maternal Mortality Ratio (MMR) was 362.57/100000 live births. There were 31.03% referred cases and 44.8% cases were admitted to ICU. Unbooked cases accounted for 84.72% of maternal deaths and these were mostly uneducated. Conclusions: Interventions for reduction of MMR are regular antenatal care, risk screening, skilled personnel at childbirth, good transport facilities, family planning services and safe abortion services. These facilities not only reduce burden on tertiary hospitals but also help in improving maternal prognosis

A study of potential drug-drug interactions among critically ill patients at a tertiary care hospital

Background: Drug interaction is said to occur when presence of one drug affects the activity of another drug when both are administered together. This action can be synergistic or antagonistic. The objective was to study the prevalence of potential drug-drug interactions (pDDI), their severity, clinical significance, and their association with patient characteristics in intensive care unit (ICU) at a tertiary care hospital.Methods: A prospective, observational study was conducted in ICU patients for a period of 3 months to assess the pDDI using Medscape drug checker software and Lexi-Comp, inc. version: 2.7.5. drug interact android mobile application.Results: A total of 183 subjects were included in the study with a prevalence of 76.50% pDDI occurring in patients, majority of which were suffering from cardiovascular conditions (26.23%). In those with hospital stay more than five days, 92% had pDDI. There were 229 potentially interacting drug pairs with corticosteroids, aspirin, beta blockers, and diuretics being commonly involved in pDDI. A total of 2336 interactions were observed with an occurrence rate of 12.76 DDI per patient. Severity was moderate in 64%, interaction mechanism was pharmacodynamic in 72.49% and risk rating category was C in 77.1% of the study population.Conclusions: The present study showed high concomitant administration of potentially interacting drugs. The prevalence confirmed the association of age and polypharmacy. Vigilant prescribing approach is needed to prevent hazardous outcomes of pDDI

PROSOPIS CINERARIA (L) DRUCE: A DESERT TREE TO BRACE LIVELIHOOD IN RAJASTHAN

The Prosopis cineraria (L) Druce is an important tree (Khejri- a local name in Rajasthan)for the Thar Desert withhard climatic adaptation and one of the lifeline in desert habitat as mentioned in ancient literature. This is a speciesrepresenting all five F viz., Forest, Fiber, Fuel, Fodder and Food. This tree is also mythological important in localcommunities. High value of this species recognized as a State symbol (state tree of Rajasthan). Prosopis cineraria(L.) Druce is a tree endemic to hot deserts of India, belonging to the family Leguminosae. Pods locally called“Sangri” are considered as dry fruit of desert and are one of the main ingredients of quintessential Rajasthani dish -The Panchkuta. In the present article, we have attempted to review different characteristics of the pods, tounderstand its health benefits. Various phytoconstituents like tannins (gallic acid), steroids (stigmasterol,campesterol, sitosterol, etc.), Flavone derivatives (prosogerin A, B, C, D, and E), alkaloids (spicigerine,prosophylline), etc. have been isolated from the sangri pods .As this plant is found in water stress (or deficient area)so antioxidant potential of pods has also been discussed. Prosopis cineraria (L) Druce is one of the highly valuedplant in the Indigenous System of Medicine. P. cineraria pods provide protein, iron, vitamins A and C and othermicro minerals Unripe pods are also nutritious and are used to prepare curries and pickles. Its bark is said to be apotent drug for several ailments such as leprosy, dysentery, bronchitis, asthma, leucoderma, piles, muscular tremors,asthma, rheumatism and inflammations. Pharmacological activities like analgesic, antipyretic, antihyperglycemic,antioxidant, antihypercholesterolemic, antitumor, nootropic anthelmintic, antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral andanticancer activities have been reported from different plant extracts. In view of its medicinal importance, thepresent review is focused to delineate its chemical constitution and therapeutic potentiality, precisely

Rejuvenating bone marrow hematopoietic reserve prevents regeneration failure and hepatic decompensation in animal model of cirrhosis

Background and aimBone marrow stem cells (BM-SCs) and their progeny play a central role in tissue repair and regeneration. In patients with chronic liver failure, bone marrow (BM) reserve is severally compromised and they showed marked defects in the resolution of injury and infection, leading to liver failure and the onset of decompensation. Whether BM failure is the cause or consequence of liver failure during cirrhosis is not known. In this study, we aimed to determine the underlying relationship between BM failure and regeneration failure in cirrhosis.MethodologyC57Bl/6(J) mice were used to develop chronic liver injury through intra-peritoneal administration of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) for 15 weeks (0.1-0.5 ml/kg). Animals were sacrificed to study the transition of cirrhosis and BM defects. To restore the BM-SC reserve; healthy BM cells were infused via intra-BM infusion and assessed for changes in liver injury, regeneration, and BM-SC reserve.ResultsUsing a CCl4-induced animal - model of cirrhosis, we showed the loss of BM-SCs reserve occurred before regeneration failure and the onset of non-acute decompensation. Intra-BM infusion of healthy BM cells induced the repopulation of native hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) in cirrhotic BM. Restoring BM-HSCs reserve augments liver macrophage-mediated clearance of infection and inflammation dampens neutrophil-mediated inflammation, accelerates fibrosis regression, enhances hepatocyte proliferation, and delays the onset of non-acute decompensation.ConclusionThese findings suggest that loss of BM-HSCs reserve underlies the compromised innate immune function of the liver, drives regeneration failure, and the onset of non-acute decompensation. We further provide the proof-of-concept that rejuvenating BM-HSC reserve can serve as a potential therapeutic approach for preventing regeneration failure and transition to decompensated cirrhosis

Leukemia Cutis and Anterior Uveitis Associated With Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia

Chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) is an uncommon myeloid neoplasm with myeloproliferative and myelodysplastic features characterized by peripheral monocytosis and cytopenia. CMML may have cutaneous manifestations known as leukemia cutis (LC). LC in the setting of CMML may portend malignant transformation to acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The distribution and morphologic features of LC in CMML are highly variable and often nonspecific. CMML may coexist with numerous secondary autoimmune and inflammatory processes; this phenomenon presents a clinical challenge which can delay correct diagnosis and appropriate therapeutic management. Thus, careful consideration of extramedullary manifestations of CMML and associated autoimmune conditions in the skin and other organs greatly aids in the correct and timely diagnosis