Le traitement conservateur dans le cadre d’une pubalgie de surcharge chez l’athlète, une revue systématique de revues systématiques

La pubalgie de surcharge touche de nombreux athlètes et engendre d’importantes conséquences, tant musculo-squelettiques que financières. De nombreux facteurs de risque ont été identifiés mais cette pathologie reste complexe et il n’existe aucun consensus concernant le traitement conservateur. L’objectif de cette étude est de répertorier les différents traitements conservateurs dans le cadre de pubalgies de surcharge chez les athlètes et d’en évaluer l’efficacité pour émettre des recommandations thérapeutiques pratiques (GRADE) pour le physiothérapeute

Understanding the Role of Social Media in the Assessment of Retailer-Hosted Consumer Reviews

Agile methods incorporate many techniques that support coordination in co-located software development teams. However, these benefits do not necessarily transfer to a distributed context. Even though research on coordination in distributed agile software development is growing, there is limited rigorous research on its application in context. Further the extant literature is fragmented, with little cohesive building of cumulative knowledge on coordination in distributed agile software development. This study investigates the scientific evidence between 2006 and 2016 by conducting a systematic review of the literature on coordination in distributed agile software development. The search strategy resulted in 178 studies, of which 50 were identified as primary studies relevant to this research. The studies were classified using three high-level categories: (i) theoretical foundation and application, (ii) tools and techniques, and (iii) challenges. This study provides a structured overview of the current state of knowledge on coordination in distributed agile development, and identifies opportunities for future research

The Longer the Better? The Interplay Between Review Length and Line of Argumentation in Online Consumer Reviews

Review helpfulness serves as focal point in understanding customers’ purchase decision-making process on online retailer platforms. An overwhelming majority of previous works find longer reviews to be more helpful than short reviews. In this paper, we propose that longer reviews should not be assumed to be uniformly more helpful; instead, we argue that the effect depends on the line of argumentation in the review text. To test this idea, we use a large dataset of Amazon customer reviews in combination with a state-of-the-art approach from natural language processing that allows us to study the line of argumentation at sentence level. Our empirical analysis suggests that the frequency of argumentation changes moderates the effect of review length on helpfulness. Altogether, we disprove the prevailing narrative that longer reviews are uniformly perceived as more helpful. Retailer platforms can utilize our results to optimize their customer feedback system and to feature more useful reviews

Sentence-Level Sentiment Analysis of Financial News Using Distributed Text Representations and Multi-Instance Learning

Researchers and financial professionals require robust computerized tools that allow users to rapidly operationalize and assess the semantic textual content in financial news. However, existing methods commonly work at the document-level while deeper insights into the actual structure and the sentiment of individual sentences remain blurred. As a result, investors are required to apply the utmost attention and detailed, domain-specific knowledge in order to assess the information on a fine-grained basis. To facilitate this manual process, this paper proposes the use of distributed text representations and multi-instance learning to transfer information from the document-level to the sentence-level. Compared to alternative approaches, this method features superior predictive performance while preserving context and interpretability. Our analysis of a manually-labeled dataset yields a predictive accuracy of up to 69.90 %, exceeding the performance of alternative approaches by at least 3.80 percentage points. Accordingly, this study not only benefits investors with regard to their financial decision-making, but also helps companies to communicate their messages as intended

Current integration force and displacement self-sensing method for cantilevered piezoelectric actuators.

International audienceThis paper presents a new method of self-sensing both of the displacement and the external applied force at the tip of piezoelectric cantilevers. Integrated electric current across piezoelectric actuators is compensated against material nonlinearities creep, hysteresis to provide reliable information. We propose to compensate the hysteresis by using the Prandtl–Ishlinskii static approach while an auto regressive and moving average exogenous ARMAX model is used to minimize the creep influence. The quasistatic estimation, electronic circuit, and aspects related to long-term charge preservations are described or referenced. As an experiment, we tested the actuator entering in contact with a fixed force sensor. An input signal of 20 V peak-to-peak 10% of maximum range led to force self-sensing errors inferior to 8%. A final discussion about method accuracy and its limitations is made. © 2009 American Institute of Physic

Conditional distributions of frame variables and voting behaviour in probability‐based surveys and opt‐in panels

Probability-based web surveys are increasingly challenged by decreasing response rates and high costs. A cheap and convenient solution is to use ‘opt-in’ online panels, which are based on non-probability samples. However, the quality of the data such panels produce is subject to debate. To improve our understanding in this regard, especially in the Swiss context, we compare conditional distributions of sociodemographic variables and voting behaviour of two probability-based web surveys and three opt-in panels. Indeed, point estimates in opt-in panels are well studied, but bivariate relationships between variables, arguably more important for researchers in political science research, have received less attention. Our analysis has the advantage of most variables of interest being included in the sampling frame and thus the true values are known for each conditional distribution. Our results show a lack of consistency and reproducibility in the results from opt-in panels, which leads us to recommend care when using this type of data

When the Sun Prickles Your Nose: An EEG Study Identifying Neural Bases of Photic Sneezing

BACKGROUND: Exposure to bright light such as sunlight elicits a sneeze or prickling sensation in about one of every four individuals. This study presents the first scientific examination of this phenomenon, called 'the photic sneeze reflex'. METHODOLOGY AND PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: In the present experiment, 'photic sneezers' and controls were exposed to a standard checkerboard stimulus (block 1) and bright flashing lights (block 2) while their EEG (electro-encephalogram) was recorded. Remarkably, we found a generally enhanced excitability of the visual cortex (mainly in the cuneus) to visual stimuli in 'photic sneezers' compared with control subjects. In addition, a stronger prickling sensation in the nose of photic sneezers was found to be associated with activation in the insula and stronger activation in the secondary somatosensory cortex. CONCLUSION: We propose that the photic sneeze phenomenon might be the consequence of higher sensitivity to visual stimuli in the visual cortex and of co-activation of somatosensory areas. The 'photic sneeze reflex' is therefore not a classical reflex that occurs only at a brainstem or spinal cord level but, in stark contrast to many theories, involves also specific cortical areas

Quasistatic displacement self-sensing method for cantilevered piezoelectric actuators.

International audiencePiezoelectric meso- and microactuator systems required for manipulation or assembly of microscale objects demand reliable force and/or displacement information. Available sensors are prone to dimension restrictions or precision limitation. Self-sensing method, based on the electric charge measurement, may represent a solution in terms of cost-effectiveness and integration, the actuator performing simultaneously as its own sensor. This paper presents a self-sensing method dedicated to free uni- and bimorph piezocantilevers but can also be adapted to other piezoactuator types. The integrated electric current, used to convert the charge, can be compensated against piezoelectric material nonlinearities to provide accurate displacement information. The advantages relative to existing self-sensing methods consist in the ability to keep this displacement information for long-term periods more than a thousand seconds and in the reduction in signal noise. After introductive issues related to the method the base principle allowing the estimation of tip displacement is presented. Then, the identification procedure of the estimator parameters is depicted and representative experimental results are shown. Finally, a series of aspects related to electronic circuits are discussed, useful for successful system implementation

Mermaid syndrome: virtually no hope for survival

Abstract.: Sirenomelia, also called the mermaid syndrome is a severe malformation involving multiple organs and characterized by partially or completely developed lower extremities fused by the skin. The birth of a "mermaid” is very rare (1.2-4.2 cases for 100,000 births); most are stillborn, or die at or shortly after birth. The case of a living female neonate with dipodic simelia (fusion of well-developed legs) is presented. No prenatal diagnosis was made and the newborn had an uneventful neonatal course following Cesarean section delivery. The complex and striking malformation was obvious at birth and further evaluation revealed very poorly functioning kidneys, associated with abnormal anorectum, urogenital tract, and external genitalia, as well as a pelvic malformation. Supportive care was applied because of the poor prognosis and the child died at 7weeks of age, due to renal failur

Effects of working memory training in young and old adults

Many cognitive abilities, including working memory and reasoning ability, decline with progressing age. In this study, we investigated whether four weeks of intensive working memory training would enhance working memory and reasoning performance in an age-comparative setting. Groups of 34 young (19-36years) and 27 older (62-77years) adults practiced tasks representing the three functional categories in the facet model of working memory capacity: storage and processing, relational integration, and supervision. The data were compared to those of a young and an old active control group who practiced tasks with low working memory demands. A cognitive test battery measuring near and far transfer was administered before and after training. Both age groups showed increased working memory performance in the trained tasks and in one structurally similar, but nontrained, task. Young adults also improved in a task measuring word-position binding in working memory. However, we found no far transfer to reasoning in either age group. The results provide evidence that working memory performance can be improved throughout the life span. However, in contrast to a previous study in which each facet of working memory capacity was trained separately, the present study showed that training multiple functional categories simultaneously induces less transfe