Doctoral student experience in Education:Activities and difficulties influencing identity development

This paper explores variation in the events or activities Education doctoral students describe as contributing to their feeling of being an academic or belonging to an academic community as well as difficulties they experience. The results (drawing principally on students in a Canadian research-intensive university though with some in a UK university) demonstrate a rich variation in multiple formative activities that are experienced as contributing to a developing identity as an academic, with many lying outside formal and semi-formal aspects of the doctorate. Yet, at the same time students report tensions in the very sorts of activities they often find significant and positive in the development of their identity. We see this analysis as offering much-needed insights into the formative role of cumulative day-to-day activities in the development of academic identity

Data quality in telephone surveys and the effect of questionnaire length: a cross-national experiment

Respondents in long telephone survey interviews may adopt satisficing strategies as they approach the end of the questionnaire (Holbrook, Green and Krosnick, 2003). However, there is inconsistency regarding the relationship between questionnaire length and different forms of satisficing. We investigate whether long questionnaires are associated with a reduction in response quality using data from a cross-national survey experiment. Sample members were randomly assigned to interviews of 60, 45 or 30 minutes. We compare responses to attitudinal measures from a module on happiness and well-being, which was asked at different points in the interview in each of the three groups

Total Maximum Daily Load: South Santee Coastal Watershed

The federal Clean Water Act (CWA) directs each state to review the quality of its waters every two years to determine if water quality standards are being met. A Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) is a written plan and analysis to determine the maximum pollutant load a waterbody can receive and still meet applicable water quality standards. This TMDL document details Fecal Coliform Bacteria for South Santee Coastal Watershed: Stations 06A-01, 06A-01A, 06A-02, 06B-06, 06B-07, 06B-08, 06B-09, 06B-10, 06B-12, 06B-13, 06B-16, 06B-19, 06B-20, 06B-21, 06B-22, 06B-23. Hydrologic Unit Codes: 030501120303 & 030502090101

Total Maximum Daily Load Document: Ninety Six Creek Watershed

The federal Clean Water Act (CWA) directs each state to review the quality of its waters every two years to determine if water quality standards are being met. A Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) is a written plan and analysis to determine the maximum pollutant load a waterbody can receive and still meet applicable water quality standards. This TMDL document details Fecal Coliform Bacteria, Indicator for Pathogens for Ninety Six Creek Watershed. Hydrologic Unit Codes: 030501090701, 030501090702, 030501090703, 030501090704

Total Maximum Daily Load Document: Potato Creek Watershed - ST-035, RS-03501

The federal Clean Water Act (CWA) directs each state to review the quality of its waters every two years to determine if water quality standards are being met. A Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) is a written plan and analysis to determine the maximum pollutant load a waterbody can receive and still meet applicable water quality standards. This TMDL document details Fecal Coliform Bacteria, Indicator for Pathogens for Potato Creek Watershed: ST-035, RS-03501. Hydrologic Unit Code: 030501110108

CONCEPTUALISING THE PHD AS PREPARING FOR ACADEMIC PRACTICE IN GEOGRAPHY

Abstract This paper situates the geography PhD within the broader context of doctoral education. It addresses questions relating to the PhD as preparation for future academic work. Theoretical and practical ideas are woven through a discussion of the work of the Centre for Excellence in Preparing for Academic Practice, at the University of Oxford (UK). The Centre initiated wide-ranging reforms and has had lasting impacts, with a philosophy of remaining sensitive to disciplinary context. The paper argues that Cultural Historical Activity Theory (CHAT) is a useful lens for understanding challenges in contemporary doctoral education, and responses to them. Key concepts are outlined, and a worked example provided, drawing from the Centre's work. Connections are made with relevant initiatives specific to geography

Virulence characteristics of hcp (+) Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli isolates from retail chicken.

BACKGROUND: Recently the Type VI secretion system (T6SS), which can play a significant role in bacterial survival and pathogenesis, was reported in Campylobacter spp., having the hcp gene as a key component. METHODS: Campylobacteriosis is associated with the consumption of infected chicken meat. Our study aimed to explore the presence of T6SS in C. jejuni (n = 59) and C. coli (n = 57) isolates, from retail raw chicken and to investigate their pathogenic potential. The hcp gene was used as an indicator for the T6SS presence. RESULTS: Using multiplex PCR we have identified a significantly higher prevalence of hcp in C. coli isolates (56.1%) than in C. jejuni (28.8%) and AFLP analysis of the isolates showed a high degree of genetic similarity between the isolates carrying the hcp gene. Genome sequencing data showed that 84.3% of the C. coli and 93.7% of the C. jejuni isolates had all 13 T6SS open reading frames. Moreover, the virulence characteristics of hcp + isolates, including motility and the ability to invade human intestinal epithelial cells in vitro, were significantly greater than in the control strain C. jejuni 12502; a human isolate which is hcp positive. CONCLUSION: Overall, it was discovered that hcp (+) C. coli and C. jejuni isolated from retail chicken isolates posses genetic and phenotypic properties associated with enhanced virulence. However, since human infections with C. coli are significantly less frequent than those of C. jejuni, the relationship between virulence factors and pathogenesis requires further study