Effect of fuel sprays on emissions

A research gas turbine combustor was operated under realistic conditions such that the influence of individual variables (in particular, fuel spray characteristics) on emissions could be determined. The special combustor allows independent control over drop size, fuel-air ratio, air inlet temperature, pressure, reference velocity, and residence time. Also, it lends itself to theoretical modeling and turbulent intensity measurements through use of laser velocimetry. Emission results for a range of operations are presented. A number of graphs show which show the variations of emissions levels with one variable at a time are included. In every case, the fuel is jet A, the pressure is atmospheric, and combustion is limited to a primary zone

Two phase detonation studies conducted in 1970 Annual report, 1 Feb. 1970 - 1 Feb. 1971

Two phase detonation waves in liquid gas system

Two Phase Detonation as Related to Rocket Motor Combustion Instability

Two phase detonations in liquid-gas system of liquid rocket moto

Subsonic sphere drag measurements at intermediate Reynolds numbers

Wind tunnel drag measurements on subsonic spher

Nano and Micro indentation studies of bulk zirconia and EB PVD TBCs

In order to model the erosion of a material it is necessary to know the material properties of both the impacting particles as well as the target. In the case of electron beam (EB) physical vapour deposited(PVD) thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) the properties of the columns as opposed to the coating as a whole are important. This is due to the fact that discrete erosion events are on a similar scale as the size of the individual columns. Thus nano* and micro* indentation were used to determine the hardness and the Young"s modulus of the columns. However, care had to be taken to ensure that it was the hardness of the columns that was being measured and not the coating as a whole. This paper discusses the differences in the results obtained when using the two different tests and relates them to the interactions between the indent and the columns of the EB PVD TBC microstructure. It was found that individual columns had a hardness of 14 GPa measured using nano indentation, while the hardness of the coating, using micro indentation decreased from 13 to 2.4 GPa as the indentation load increased from 0.1 to 3N. This decrease in hardness was attributed to the interaction between the indenter and a number of adjacent columns and the ability of the columns to move laterally under indentation

Sources of sport confidence, imagery type and performance among competitive athletes: The mediating role of sports confidence

Aim: This study explored the mediating role of sport confidence upon (1) sources of sport confidence-performance relationship and (2) imagery-performance relationship. Methods: Participants were 157 competitive athletes who completed state measures of confidence level/sources, imagery type and performance within one hour after competition. Results: Among the current sample, confirmatory factor analysis revealed appropriate support for the nine-factor SSCQ and the five-factor SIQ. Mediational analysis revealed that sport confidence had a mediating influence upon the achievement source of confidence-performance relationship. In addition, both cognitive and motivational imagery types were found to be important sources of confidence, as sport confidence mediated imagery type-performance relationship. Conclusion: Findings indicated that athletes who construed confidence from their own achievements and report multiple images on a more frequent basis are likely to benefit from enhanced levels of state sport confidence and subsequent performance

Sources of sport confidence, imagery type and performance among competitive athletes: The mediating role of sports confidence

Aim: This study explored the mediating role of sport confidence upon (1) sources of sport confidence-performance relationship and (2) imagery-performance relationship. Methods: Participants were 157 competitive athletes who completed state measures of confidence level/sources, imagery type and performance within one hour after competition. Results: Among the current sample, confirmatory factor analysis revealed appropriate support for the nine-factor SSCQ and the five-factor SIQ. Mediational analysis revealed that sport confidence had a mediating influence upon the achievement source of confidence-performance relationship. In addition, both cognitive and motivational imagery types were found to be important sources of confidence, as sport confidence mediated imagery type-performance relationship. Conclusion: Findings indicated that athletes who construed confidence from their own achievements and report multiple images on a more frequent basis are likely to benefit from enhanced levels of state sport confidence and subsequent performance

Controlled droplet spray generator

Spray generator produces streams of uniform-size droplets issuing at uniform rate by applying an oscillatory disturbance to free liquid jets. Jets of varying diameters can be grouped together and oscillated as a group to produce simultaneous streams of uniform-size droplets

A study of two phase detonation as it relates to rocket motor combustion instability

Two-phase detonation in rocket motor combustion instability - production of monodisperse spray