A local homology theory for linearly compact modules

We introduce a local homology theory for linearly compact modules which is in some sense dual to the local cohomology theory of A. Grothendieck. Some basic properties such as the noetherianness, the vanishing and non-vanishing of local homology modules of linearly compact modules are proved. A duality theory between local homology and local cohomology modules of linearly compact modules is developed by using Matlis duality and Macdonald duality. As consequences of the duality theorem we obtain some generalizations of well-known results in the theory of local cohomology for semi-discrete linearly compact modules.Comment: 24 page

Zadnji konfucijanci v Vietnamu iz sredine 20. stoletja: kulturna zgodovina Vietnamskega združenja tradicionalnih študij

The Vietnam Association of Traditional Studies (VATS) took the initiative in promoting Confucian cultural practices in South Vietnam from 1955–1975. The association strove towards collecting, researching, translating, interpreting and circulating classical Sinographic documents in order to preserve traditional East Asian culture in relation to up-to-date moral education and practical science. Unfortunately, there is a lack of research material related to the organization during the period after the two halves of Vietnam were reunited in 1975. Thus, the Association’s activities after 1975 cannot be discussed. To bridge the gap, this article is based on rare documents mostly collected by the author, describing the history and activities of this Confucian organization, including its establishment (1954), regulations, organizational structure, and membership. This article will also focus on the VATS’s Confucian cultural practices, such as (i) publishing as a way to promote Confucianism and traditional morality, (ii) Confucianism and Literary Sinitic education, (iii) public speeches, (iv) organizing the annual commemoration of Confucius’ birthday on September 28th, (v) and promoting international cooperation related to Confucianism. These activities demonstrate the organization’s attempt at popularizing Confucianism and making it compatible with ideas and practices introduced by modernization and Westernization in the middle of the twentieth century.Vietnamsko združenje tradicionalnih študij (VATS) je v obdobju 1955–1975 sprožilo pobudo za promocijo konfucijanskih kulturnih praks v Južnem Vietnamu. Združenje si je prizadevalo, da bi zbirali, raziskovali, prevajali, tolmačili in širili klasične sinografske dokumente z namenom ohranjanja tradicionalne vzhodnoazijske kulture, pomembne za posodobljeno moralno vzgojo in praktično znanost. Žal je raziskovalno gradivo o tej organizaciji za čas po ponovni združitvi obeh Vietnamov leta 1975 zelo pomanjkljivo. Tako o dejavnostih združenja po letu 1975 ni mogoče razpravljati. Da bi zapolnili vrzeli o tej temi, članek temelji na redkih dokumentih, ki jih je večinoma zbral avtor ter opisujejo zgodovino in dejavnosti konfucijske organizacije, vključno z njeno ustanovitvijo (1954), predpisi, organizacijsko strukturo in članstvom. Ta prispevek se osredotoča tudi na konfucijske kulturne prakse VATS, kot so (I) objave kot način spodbujanja konfucianizma in tradicionalne morale, (II) konfucianizem in literarno sinitsko izobraževanje, (III) javni govori, (IV) vsakoletno organiziranje spominjanja Konfucijevega rojstnega dne 28. septembra in (V) spodbujanje mednarodnega sodelovanja, povezanega s konfucianizmom. Te dejavnosti kažejo na poskus organiziranja popularizacije konfucianizma ter na njegovo združljivost z idejami in praksami, ki sta jih modernizacija in približevanje Zahodu uvedla sredi dvajsetega stoletja

Handwriting recognition and automatic scoring for descriptive answers in Japanese language tests

This paper presents an experiment of automatically scoring handwritten descriptive answers in the trial tests for the new Japanese university entrance examination, which were made for about 120,000 examinees in 2017 and 2018. There are about 400,000 answers with more than 20 million characters. Although all answers have been scored by human examiners, handwritten characters are not labeled. We present our attempt to adapt deep neural network-based handwriting recognizers trained on a labeled handwriting dataset into this unlabeled answer set. Our proposed method combines different training strategies, ensembles multiple recognizers, and uses a language model built from a large general corpus to avoid overfitting into specific data. In our experiment, the proposed method records character accuracy of over 97% using about 2,000 verified labeled answers that account for less than 0.5% of the dataset. Then, the recognized answers are fed into a pre-trained automatic scoring system based on the BERT model without correcting misrecognized characters and providing rubric annotations. The automatic scoring system achieves from 0.84 to 0.98 of Quadratic Weighted Kappa (QWK). As QWK is over 0.8, it represents an acceptable similarity of scoring between the automatic scoring system and the human examiners. These results are promising for further research on end-to-end automatic scoring of descriptive answers.Comment: Keywords: handwritten Japanese answers, handwriting recognition, automatic scoring, ensemble recognition, deep neural networks; Reported in IEICE technical report, PRMU2021-32, pp.45-50 (2021.12) Published after peer review and Presented in ICFHR2022, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 13639, pp. 274-284 (2022.11

Text-independent writer identification using convolutional neural network

The text-independent approach to writer identification does not require the writer to write some predetermined text. Previous research on text-independent writer identification has been based on identifying writer-specific features designed by experts. However, in the last decade, deep learning methods have been successfully applied to learn features from data automatically. We propose here an end-to-end deep-learning method for text-independent writer identification that does not require prior identification of features. A Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) is trained initially to extract local features, which represent characteristics of individual handwriting in the whole character images and their sub-regions. Randomly sampled tuples of images from the training set are used to train the CNN and aggregate the extracted local features of images from the tuples to form global features. For every training epoch, the process of randomly sampling tuples is repeated, which is equivalent to a large number of training patterns being prepared for training the CNN for text-independent writer identification. We conducted experiments on the JEITA-HP database of offline handwritten Japanese character patterns. With 200 characters, our method achieved an accuracy of 99.97% to classify 100 writers. Even when using 50 characters for 100 writers or 100 characters for 400 writers, our method achieved accuracy levels of 92.80% or 93.82%, respectively. We conducted further experiments on the Firemaker and IAM databases of offline handwritten English text. Using only one page per writer to train, our method achieved over 91.81% accuracy to classify 900 writers. Overall, we achieved a better performance than the previously published best result based on handcrafted features and clustering algorithms, which demonstrates the effectiveness of our method for handwritten English text also

A unified method for augmented incremental recognition of online handwritten Japanese and English text

We present a unifed method to augmented incremental recognition for online handwritten Japanese and English text, which is used for busy or on-the-fly recognition while writing, and lazy or delayed recognition after writing, without incurring long waiting times. It extends the local context for segmentation and recognition to a range of recent strokes called "segmentation scope" and "recognition scop", respectively. The recognition scope is inside of the segmentation scope. The augmented incremental recognition triggers recognition at every several recent strokes, updates the segmentation and recognition candidate lattice, and searches over the lattice for the best result incrementally. It also incorporates three techniques. The frst is to reuse the segmentation and recognition candidate lattice in the previous recognition scope for the current recognition scope. The second is to fx undecided segmentation points if they are stable between character/word patterns. The third is to skip recognition of partial candidate character/word patterns. The augmented incremental method includes the case of triggering recognition at every new stroke with the above-mentioned techniques. Experiments conducted on TUAT-Kondate and IAM online database show its superiority to batch recognition (recognizing text at one time) and pure incremental recognition (recognizing text at every input stroke) in processing time, waiting time, and recognition accuracy

Evaluating the indistinguishability of the XTS mode in the proposed security model

In this paper, we consider the indistinguishability of XTS in some security models for both full final block and partial final block cases. Firstly, some evaluations of the indistinguishability up-to-block are presented. Then, we present a new security model in which the adversary can not control sector number, based on an $\epsilon$-collision resistant function. In this model, we give a bound of the distinguishing advantage that the adversary can get when attacks on XTS. The received results is an extension of \cite{6}

Calculation of nonlinear vibrations of piecewise-linear systems using the shooting method

In this paper, an explicit formulation of the shooting scheme for computation of multiple periodic attractors of a harmonically excited oscillator which is asymmetric with both stiffness and viscous damping piecewise linearities is derived. The numerical simulation by the shooting method is compared with that by the incremental harmonic balance method (IHB method), which shows that the shooting method is in many respects distinctively advantageous over the incremental harmonic balance method

ĐÁNH GIÁ HIỆU NĂNG TÍCH HỢP HỆ THỐNG TRÍ TUỆ NHÂN TẠO CHUYỂN VĂN BẢN THÀNH GIỌNG NÓI HỖ TRỢ SINH VIÊN KHIẾM THỊ TRONG MÔ HÌNH ĐẠI HỌC THÔNG MINH

People with disabilities have been facing difficulties and barriers in terms of inclusive education, especially at the undergraduate level. In recent years, building and applying the smart university model based on the development of science, technology, and engineering has gradually opened up learning opportunities for disabled people. This study evaluated text-to-speech systems and conducted performance experiments on the integration ability of the smart university model in order to better support visually impaired students in Vietnam’s universities. Along with this, it also showed a suitable roadmap for integrating text-to-speech artificial intelligence systems into the smart university model for Vietnam’s universities.Người khuyết tật đã và đang gặp những khó khăn và rào cản trong việc hòa nhập giáo dục, đặc biệt là giáo dục đại học. Trong những năm gần đây, việc xây dựng và ứng dụng mô hình đại học thông minh dựa trên sự phát triển của khoa học công nghệ, kỹ thuật đang dần mở ra những cơ hội học tập cho người khuyết tật. Nghiên cứu này đánh giá các hệ thống chuyển văn bản thành giọng nói và thực hiện thí nghiệm về hiệu năng tích hợp với các mô hình đại học thông minh để phát huy khả năng hỗ trợ sinh viên khiếm thị trong các trường đại học Việt Nam. Cùng với đó, nghiên cứu cũng chỉ ra lộ trình phát triển đại học thông minh tích hợp hệ thống trí tuệ nhân tạo chuyển văn bản thành giọng nói một cách phù hợp cho các trường đại học Việt Nam