9 research outputs found
Deployment operation procedures for the WHOI Ice-Tethered Profiler
Deployed and fixed to a suitable multi-year ice floe, the Ice-Tethered Profiler (ITP) can
sustain near-real time measurements of upper ocean temperature and salinity for up to three years.
Incorporating a specifically designed winch system and deployment apparatus that is both light
weight and easily assembled or disassembled on a ship or at a deployment site, the ITP can be
deployed in less than four hours by either transporting the gear and field personnel to the
deployment site via aircraft, or by lowering the gear over the side of a ship and hauling on the ice.
Using daily satellite imagery (if available), visual reconnaissance flights, and ice surveying, the
choice of an appropriate ice floe is a necessity to select a site that will sustain the system for a
prolonged period of time (depending upon the instrument sampling rate). If available, the
helicopter is the preferable method for surveying different sites and for deployment operations.
Working from a ship typically limits the distance and selection of ice floes. Pre-deployment
procedures include powering and configuring the ITP instruments and preparing the apparatus
for transport to the deployment site. Specific deployment methods include the assembly and
disassembly of the ITP winch, proper placement of the total ITP deployment apparatus, âYale
Gripâ braiding and slipping techniques, and testing the Iridium and Inductive communication
links. The operations described here provide a safe and efficient manner to easily deploy the
WHOI ITP.Funding was provided by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. OCE-0324233 and by the Office of Polar Programs under award numbers ARC-0519899 and ARC-0631951
The Beaufort Gyre Observing System 2004 : mooring recovery and deployment operations in pack ice
Situated beneath the Arctic perennial ice pack, the principal components of the
Beaufort Gyre Observing System are three deep-ocean bottom-tethered moorings with
CTD and velocity profilers, upward looking sonars for ice draft measurements, and
bottom pressure recorders. A major goal of this project is to investigate basin-scale
mechanisms regulating freshwater and heat content in the Arctic Ocean and particularly
in the Beaufort Gyre throughout several complete annual cycles. The methods of
recovering and re-deploying the 3800 m long instrumented moorings from the Canadian
Coast Guard Icebreaker Louis S. St. Laurent in August 2004 are described.
In ice-covered regions, deployments must be conducted anchor-first, so heavier
wire rope and hardware must be incorporated into the mooring design. Backup buoyancy
at the bottom of the mooring is advised for backup recovery should intermediate lengths
of the mooring system get tangled under ice floes during recovery. An accurate acoustic
survey to determine the exact location of the mooring, adequate ice conditions, and
skilled ship maneuvering are all essential requirements for a successful mooring
recovery. Windlass (or capstan) procedures could be used for the recovery, but a traction
winch arrangement is recommended.Funding was provided by the National Science Foundation under Grant Number OPP-0230184 and
Woods Hole Oceanographic Insitutionâs Ocean and Climate Change Institute
At Sea Test 2 deployment cruise : cruise 475 on board R/V Oceanus September 22 â 26, 2011 Woods Hole âWoods Hole, MA
The R/V Oceanus, on Cruise 475, carried out the deployment of three moorings for the
Coastal and Global Scale Nodes (CGSN) Implementing Organization of the NSF Ocean
Observatories Initiative. These three moorings are prototypes of the moorings to be used
by CGSN at the Pioneer, Endurance, and Global Arrays. Oceanus departed from Woods
Hole, Massachusetts on September 22, 2011 and steamed south to the location of the
mooring deployments on the shelf break. Over three days, September 23-25, Oceanus
surveyed the bottom at the planned mooring sites, deployed the moorings, and carried out
on site verification of the functioning of the moorings and moored hardware. Oceanus
returned to Woods Hole on September 26, 2011.Funding was provided by the National Science Foundation
through the Consortium for Ocean Leadershi
Persistent near real-time passive acoustic monitoring for baleen whales from a moored buoy: System description and evaluation
© The Author(s), 2019. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Baumgartner, M. F., Bonnell, J., Van Parijs, S. M., Corkeron, P. J., Hotchkin, C., Ball, K., Pelletier, L., Partan, J., Peters, D., Kemp, J., Pietro, J., Newhall, K., Stokes, A., Cole, T. V. N., Quintana, E., & Kraus, S. D. Persistent near real-time passive acoustic monitoring for baleen whales from a moored buoy: System description and evaluation. Methods in Ecology and Evolution, 10(9), (2019): 1476-1489, doi: 10.1111/2041-210X.13244.1. Managing interactions between human activities and marine mammals often relies on an understanding of the realâtime distribution or occurrence of animals. Visual surveys typically cannot provide persistent monitoring because of expense and weather limitations, and while passive acoustic recorders can monitor continuously, the data they collect are often not accessible until the recorder is recovered.
2. We have developed a moored passive acoustic monitoring system that provides near realâtime occurrence estimates for humpback, sei, fin and North Atlantic right whales from a single site for a year, and makes those occurrence estimates available via a publicly accessible website, email and text messages, a smartphone/tablet app and the U.S. Coast Guard's maritime domain awareness software. We evaluated this system using a buoy deployed off the coast of Massachusetts during 2015â2016 and redeployed again during 2016â2017. Near realâtime estimates of whale occurrence were compared to simultaneously collected archived audio as well as whale sightings collected near the buoy by aerial surveys.
3. False detection rates for right, humpback and sei whales were 0% and nearly 0% for fin whales, whereas missed detection rates at daily time scales were modest (12%â42%). Missed detections were significantly associated with low calling rates for all species. We observed strong associations between right whale visual sightings and near realâtime acoustic detections over a monitoring range 30â40 km and temporal scales of 24â48 hr, suggesting that silent animals were not especially problematic for estimating occurrence of right whales in the study area. There was no association between acoustic detections and visual sightings of humpback whales.
4. The moored buoy has been used to reduce the risk of ship strikes for right whales in a U.S. Coast Guard gunnery range, and can be applied to other mitigation applications.We thank Annamaria Izzi, Danielle Cholewiak and Genevieve Davis of the NOAA NEFSC for assistance in developing the analyst protocol. We are grateful to the NOAA NEFSC aerial survey observers (Leah Crowe, Pete Duley, Jen Gatzke, Allison Henry, Christin Khan and Karen Vale) and the NEAq aerial survey observers (Angela Bostwick, Marianna Hagbloom and Paul Nagelkirk). Danielle Cholewiak and three anonymous reviewers provided constructive criticism on earlier drafts of the manuscript. Funding for this project was provided by the NOAA NEFSC, NOAA Advanced Sampling Technology Work Group, Environmental Security Technology Certification Program of the U.S. Department of Defense, the U.S. Navy's Living Marine Resources Program, Massachusetts Clean Energy Center and the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management. Funding from NOAA was facilitated by the Cooperative Institute for the North Atlantic Region (CINAR) under Cooperative Agreement NA14OAR4320158
aerial
Aerial survey results for flights conducted by the New England Aquarium (NEAq) and NOAA Northeast Fisheries Science Cente
tally_periods_manual_nomans0315_corrected
Audio analysis of species occurrence for 2015-2016 DMON/LFDCS buo
manual_analysis_nomans0916
Near real-time whale occurrence estimates for 2016-2017 DMON/LFDCS buo
manual_analysis_nomans0315_realtime
Near real-time whale occurrence estimates for the 2015-2016 DMON/LFDCS buo