7,739 research outputs found
Re-visions of rationality?
Empirical evidence suggests proponents of the âadaptive toolboxâ framework of human judgment need to rethink their vision of rationality
Final documentation of the LUNAR program and emendations to scientific report no. 9
Computer program checkout programming with complete printout of corrected progra
Evaluating three frameworks for the value of information: adaptation to task characteristics and probabilistic structure
We identify, and provide an integration of, three frameworks for measuring the
informativeness of cues in a multiple-cue judgment task. Cues can be ranked by information
value according to expected information gain (Bayesian framework), cue-outcome correlation
(Correlational framework), or ecological validity (Ecological framework). In three
experiments, all frameworks significantly predicted information acquisition, with the
Correlational (then the Bayesian) framework being most successful. Additionally,
participants adapted successfully to task characteristics (cue cost, time pressure, and
information limitations) â altering the gross amount of information acquired, but not
responding to more subtle features of the cuesâ information value that would have been
beneficial. Rational analyses of our task environments indicate that participants' behavior can
be considered successful from a boundedly rational standpoint
The Tropos Software Development Methodology: Processes, Models and Diagrams
Tropos is a novel agent-oriented software development methodology founded on two key features: (i) the notions of agent, goal, plan and various other knowledge level concepts are fundamental primitives used uniformly throughout the software development process; and (ii) a crucial role is assigned to requirements analysis and specification when the system-to-be is analyzed with respect to its intended environment. This paper provides a (first) detailed account of the Tropos methodology. In particular, we describe the basic concepts on which Tropos is founded and the types of models one builds out of them. We also specify the analysis process through which design flows from external to system actors through a goal analysis and delegation. In addition, we provide an abstract syntax for Tropos diagrams and other linguistic constructs
Technological Change and the Environment
Environmental policy discussions increasingly focus on issues related to technological change. This is partly because the environmental consequences of social activity are frequently affected by the rate and direction of technological change, and partly because environmental policy interventions can themselves create constraints and incentives that have significant effects on the path of technological progress. This paper, prepared as a chapter draft for the forthcoming Handbook of Environmental Economics (North-Holland/Elsevier Science), summarizes for environmental economists current thinking on technological change in the broader economics literature, surveys the growing economic literature on the interaction between technology and the environment, and explores the normative implications of these analyses. We begin with a brief overview of the economics of technological change, and then examine three important areas where technology and the environment intersect: the theory and empirical evidence of induced innovation and the related literature on the effects of environmental policy on the creation of new, environmentally friendly technology; the theory and empirics of environmental issues related to technology diffusion; and analyses of the comparative technological impacts of alternative environmental policy instruments. We conclude with suggestions for further research on technological change and the environment.
Cohort profile: the Siyakhula cohort, rural South Africa
No abstract available
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