Artistic Heritage of Palácio das Artes: a study of the costume's preservation process of the shows produced by the Clóvis Salgado Foundation

The history of Brazilian theatre goes back as far as five hundred years and yet to this day arises the issue of where and how is preserved the memory of such an artistic heritage that is very representative of Brazilian culture. The aim of this paper is to analyze the preservation process of onstage costumes of Palácio das Artes, one of the most important theatres in the Brazilian State of Minas Gerais, building upon reference documents, interviews and technical visits undertaken in 2014. A technical analysis of the process and a flowchart are used to encourage the implementation of projects related to management improvement, conservation tools and collection storage adequacy – both functional and museological –, as well as to the development of preservation policies. It is also expected that this study might stimulate the continuation of such practices in this theatre and their adoption by other institutions

Multivariate analysis applied to evaluation of Eucalyptus clones for bioenergy production

This research aimed to select Eucalyptus clones for bioenergy production by using of two multivariate techniques, principal component analysis and cluster analysis. The analysis evaluated 25 clones of Eucalyptus at age 54 months. Determinations included the concentrations of elemental components (C, H and O), lignin, total extractives and ash, as well as basic density, higher heating value and energy density. Both multivariate methods being used to evaluate and select clones of Eucalyptus for bioenergy production proved effective, there being similarities between the biomass groups formed by them. The cluster analysis revealed five distinct groupings, out of which cluster one, formed by clone U060, was found to have greater potential as a source of energy. Clones G084, G122, G023 and U108 had poorer energy performance

Aspetos imunológicos e histológicos de camundongos desafiados experimentalmente com linhagens de Bacteroides fragilis selecionadas em concentrações subinibitórias de drogas antimicrobianas

Bacteroides fragilis é um anaeróbio Gram-negativo, membro da microbiota intestinal residente. Uma característica importante da sua biologia, não diretamente relacionada com a produção de doenças infecciosas, mas relacionada com a sua persistência, é o aumento da resistência aos antimicrobianos. Várias evidências mostram que os antimicrobianos podem interferir com a expressão de determinantes de virulência microbiana. Nosso objetivo foi investigar a interferência de antimicrobianos na patogenicidade de B. fragilis em camundongos BALB/c, após desafio experimental. Trinta animais foram desafiados intraperitonealmente com B. fragilis ATCC 25285 (parental) e quatro linhagens derivadas selecionados pela exposição a concentrações subinibitórias de ampicilina (AMP), ampicilina/sulbactam (AMS), clindamicina (CLI) e cloranfenicol (CLO). Os camundongos foram necropsiados, os níveis de TNF-α, IL-6 e IFN-γ foram determinados por ELISA em seu intestino delgado e a histologia foi realizada, para avaliar o baço e fígado. Os camundongos inoculados com a linhagem B. fragilis AMS apresentaram um maior nível de TNF-α, IL-6 e IFN-γ quando comparados com os outros sete dias pós-infecção (pi), bem como os animais desafiados com a linhagem AMP, considerando os níveis de IL-6. No entanto, estes níveis de citocinas mostraram-se diminuídos após quatorze dias pi. Animais desafiados com as linhagens CLI e CLO não apresentaram níveis significativos de liberação de citocinas no intestino delgado. Alterações histológicas foram observadas no baço e no fígado dos animais desafiados com as diferentes linhagens bacterianas. Estes dados preliminares sugerem que, uma vez que estas drogas têm diferentes interações com a célula bacteriana, B. fragilis pode apresentar diferentes interações patógeno-hospedeiro, em resposta ao uso de antimicrobianos. Uma vez que essas interações podem ser prejudiciais para os hopedeiros, como observado através do aumento da liberação de mediadores inflamatórios, os resultados chamam a atenção para o risco de terapia inadequada. Mesmo em baixas concentrações, os antimicrobianos podem interferir com a patogenicidade de Bacteroides spp

Complete genome sequence of the sugarcane nitrogen-fixing endophyte gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus PAL5

17 p. : il.Background: Gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus Pal5 is an endophytic diazotrophic bacterium that lives in association with sugarcane plants. It has important biotechnological features such as nitrogen fixation, plant growth promotion, sugar metabolism pathways, secretion of organic acids, synthesis of auxin and the occurrence of bacteriocins. Results: Gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus Pal5 is the third diazotrophic endophytic bacterium to be completely sequenced. Its genome is composed of a 3.9 Mb chromosome and 2 plasmids of 16.6 and 38.8 kb, respectively. We annotated 3,938 coding sequences which reveal several characteristics related to the endophytic lifestyle such as nitrogen fixation, plant growth promotion, sugar metabolism, transport systems, synthesis of auxin and the occurrence of bacteriocins. Genomic analysis identified a core component of 894 genes shared with phylogenetically related bacteria. Gene clusters for gum-like polysaccharide biosynthesis, tad pilus, quorum sensing, for modulation of plant growth by indole acetic acid and mechanisms involved in tolerance to acidic conditions were identified and may be related to the sugarcane endophytic and plant-growth promoting traits of G. diazotrophicus. An accessory component of at least 851 genes distributed in genome islands was identified, and was most likely acquired by horizontal gene transfer. This portion of the genome has likely contributed to adaptation to the plant habitat. Conclusion: The genome data offer an important resource of information that can be used to manipulate plant/bacterium interactions with the aim of improving sugarcane crop production and other biotechnological applications

Antimicrobial effect of a crude sulfated polysaccharide from the red seaweed Gracilaria ornata

The aim of this study was to determine the yield, chemical composition, specific rotation (SR), infrared (IR) spectroscopy and the effect on bacterial growth of a crude sulfated polysaccharide (SP) from the red marine alga G. ornata (Go). Go-1 (25°C), Go-2 (80°C), and Go-3 (80°C) were sequentially extracted and yielded 9.2%. The contents of sulfate (5.88-10.3%) and proteins (0.1-3.7%) were small. The values of SR were [µ]D20°f -19.0, -51.0, and -56.5, respectively. IR spectrums showed the presence of galactose-4 sulfate and absence of 3,6-anydrogalactose-2 sulfate, galactose-6 sulfate and galactose-2 sulfate. SR and IR techniques confirmed SPs. Go-3 was tested on the growth of bacteria (Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterobacter aerogens, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonela choleraesuis and Salmonela typhi), but only E. coli was inhibited