16 research outputs found
Tribal Wisconsin's Indigenous Judicial Systems and the Emergence of Tribal States
"Indigeneity at the Crossroads of American Studies." Published as a special joint issue with American Studies, Volume 46, No. 3/4, Fall 2005
CropPol: a dynamic, open and global database on crop pollination
Seventy five percent of the world's food crops benefit from insect pollination. Hence, there has been increased interest in how global change drivers impact this critical ecosystem service. Because standardized data on crop pollination are rarely available, we are limited in our capacity to understand the variation in pollination benefits to crop yield, as well as to anticipate changes in this service, develop predictions, and inform management actions. Here, we present CropPol, a dynamic, open and global database on crop pollination. It contains measurements recorded from 202 crop studies, covering 3,394 field observations, 2,552 yield measurements (i.e. berry weight, number of fruits and kg per hectare, among others), and 47,752 insect records from 48 commercial crops distributed around the globe. CropPol comprises 32 of the 87 leading global crops and commodities that are pollinator dependent. Malus domestica is the most represented crop (32 studies), followed by Brassica napus (22 studies), Vaccinium corymbosum (13 studies), and Citrullus lanatus (12 studies). The most abundant pollinator guilds recorded are honey bees (34.22% counts), bumblebees (19.19%), flies other than Syrphidae and Bombyliidae (13.18%), other wild bees (13.13%), beetles (10.97%), Syrphidae (4.87%), and Bombyliidae (0.05%). Locations comprise 34 countries distributed among Europe (76 studies), Northern America (60), Latin America and the Caribbean (29), Asia (20), Oceania (10), and Africa (7). Sampling spans three decades and is concentrated on 2001-05 (21 studies), 2006-10 (40), 2011-15 (88), and 2016-20 (50). This is the most comprehensive open global data set on measurements of crop flower visitors, crop pollinators and pollination to date, and we encourage researchers to add more datasets to this database in the future. This data set is released for non-commercial use only. Credits should be given to this paper (i.e., proper citation), and the products generated with this database should be shared under the same license terms (CC BY-NC-SA). This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved
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Twenty-five Years of Ojibwe Treaty Rights in Wisconsin, Michigan, and Minnesota
This article discusses the meaning and magnitude of the exercise of off-reservation treaty hunting and fishing rights by describing specific changes in the Ojibwe tribal communities that resulted from that exercise. The article examines the period between 1984, when the Great Lakes Indian Fish and Wildlife Commission was formed, and 2009, the Commission’s twenty-fifth anniversary, when it hosted a major retrospective symposium. It documents changes in harvesting activities and tribal civil society as well as institutional developments in the areas of tribal fish hatcheries, tribal courts, natural resource departments, educational programs, health and wellness programs, state-tribal relations, and the relationship of the exercise to tribal gaming. I demonstrate that recognition of the rights reserved in the treaties by the state and federal courts, and their subsequent implementation, has put the tribal communities into new and consequential political relationships with each other as well as with state and federal agencies. What has come about is a transformation of consciousness and practice that goes beyond self-determination to the realm of realizing the sovereignty that was first envisioned and enacted by the signatories of those treaties
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