Demographic, Clinical and Radiological Features of Healthcare Workers and Two Index Cases That Were Infected with COVID-19 (SARS-Cov-2)

To evaluate the index cases leading to the transmission of healthcare workers (HCWs) in Rize/Turkey Recep Tayyip Erdogan University Faculty of Medicine Education and Research Hospital with COVID-19 infection and the clinical features of infected HCWs. The first two COVID-19 test positive patients treated at Rize/Turkey between 10.03.2020 and 12.04.2020 and HCWs those who examined these two patients whose COVID-19 PCR test results were positive were included in this study. In Rize/Turkey, the first and second cases of positive COVID-19 which was recorded on 13.03.2020 on 25.03.2020, 27 HCWs (female, 63%, n = 17 and male, 37%, n = 10 and the mean age was 33.2 ± 6.9 years) who contacted during the treatment of these cases and became COVID-19 positive were examined. The median of symptom duration (days) of the HCWs was 5 days (range: 0–17 days). Fever, 55.6% (n = 15); malaise, 44.4% (n = 12); cough, 40.7% (n = 11); sore throat, 33.3% (n = 9); myalgia, 33.3% (n = 9); dyspnea, 14.8% (n = 4); diarrhea, 22.2% (n = 6); vomiting, 14.8% (n = 4); anosmia, 18.5% (n = 5); ageusia, 22.2% (n = 6) and headache, 37% (n = 10) of the cases. The rates of headache in female HCWs infected with COVID-19 were found to be significantly higher compared to men (52.9%). None of them had severe clinical situation requiring intensive care follow-up or acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Laboratory measurements of HCWs were carried out at the first when they had symptoms and when they recovered, and results were compared accordingly. The thorax computerized tomography (CT) findings of HCWs were normal in 74.1% (n = 20) of total. HCWs were initially affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. Early measures provided by the Health authorities, access to diagnosis and treatment, and the young age average in HCWs prevented severe outcomes such as severe clinical course and mortality at the beginning of the outbreak

A hypothermia case with early onset schizophrenia treated with clozapine

The usage of antipsychotics in children and adolescents increase in the general of the world and it was reported that 90% of these antipsychotics were atypical antipsychotic by researchers. Clozapine is considered to be the prototype of the atypical antipsychotics, as it was the first to be recognized as having less extrapyramidal side effects, not causing tardive dyskinesia, and not elevating prolactin. Clozapine is not a first choice antipsychotic but it can be used when other antipsychotics cannot be effective. Atypical antipsychotics, also clozapine, alter ability of body to regulate response to changes in temperature and humidity, patients may become hypothermic or hyperthermic; more likely in temperature changes due to inhibition of the hypothalamic control area. Transient temperature alteration can occur with clozapine in up to 50% of patients, usually within the first three weeks of treatment. In this article we present a 17 years old male adolescent with early onset schizophrenia. Although three different atypical antipsychotics were used and there was no treatment response in that case. After clozapine was administered, transient thermoregulation alteration was seen at the beginning of the treatment

Effectiveness and adverse effects of methylphenidate treatment in children diagnosed with disruptive mood dysregulation disorder and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: a preliminary report

Objective: Comorbidity with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and disruptive mood dysregulation disorders (DMDD) is very common in children and adolescents In this study, we aimed to present a retrospective study of methylphenidate (MPH) treatment in 12 cases who were diagnosed with DMDD and ADHD. Method: All patients were followed-up in our outpatient clinic and the effectiveness and side effects of MPH were explored. Mood Symptom Questionnaire (MSQ-7) and Clinical Global Impression-Severity (CGI-S) were used for assessing the mood symptoms and their severity. Results: The differences between initiation time and the end-point time in CGI-S and MSQ-7 scores were statistically significant. Conclusion: In this present study, the usage of MPH was found to lead to an increase in irritability in children with ADHD and DMDD evidently

Prevalence of non-thyroidal illness syndrome in COPD exacerbation and effect of hypoxaemia and hypercapnia on thyroid functions

OZCELIK, Neslihan/0000-0002-4672-6179WOS: 000535373200001PubMed: 32367619Introduction Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic inflammatory disease showing acute exacerbations during its course. Comorbidities often accompany. Non-thyroidal illness syndrome (NTIS) occurs because of the functional impairment in the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis in severe critical cases. the objective of the current study is to determine the prevalence of NTIS among hospitalised patients due to acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) and to reveal the factors affecting thyroid functions. Materials and methods A total of 132 patients hospitalised for AECOPD were enroled. Arterial blood gas samples at room air and venous blood samples for thyroid function tests were obtained within 24 hours following hospitalisation. Results the mean age was 69.3 +/- 9.6 years with male predominance (M/F:130/2). the prevalence of NTIS was 55%. Subgroups of NTIS cases were analysed. Low TSH levels were the most common pathology (55%). Patients with NTIS had significantly lower PaO2 and SaO(2) levels compared with those without NTIS (P = 0.045 and P = 0.022, respectively). in addition, a positive correlation was found between PaO2 and free thyroxine (fT4) (P < 0.001, r = 0.313). A statistically significant negative correlation between PaCO2 and fT4 was found (P < 0.001, r = -0.393). and a statistically significant negative correlation between PaCO2 and free triiodothyronine (fT3) values were found (P = 0.040, r = -0.183). Conclusion NTIS is a very common condition during AECOPD. We believe that hypoxemia causing functional impairment in the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis is the main mechanism in NTIS development and hypercapnia disrupts freeT3 and freeT4 production and secretion

Effectiveness and adverse effects of methylphenidate treatment in children diagnosed with disruptive mood dysregulation disorder and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: a preliminary report

Objective: Comorbidity with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and disruptive mood dysregulation disorders (DMDD) is very common in children and adolescents In this study, we aimed to present a retrospective study of methylphenidate (MPH) treatment in 12 cases who were diagnosed with DMDD and ADHD

A rare case of interrupted inferior vena cava with azygos continuation

WOS: 000512915500003The identification of vascular pathologies of the mediastinum is very important for the prevention of complications during the interventional procedure. A rare developmental anomaly of inferior vena cava (IVC): the interrupted IVC continues with azygos vein in thorax. and then, the azygos vein merges with the superior vena cava (SVC) and pours into the right atrium. the incidence is reported to be 0.6%. It is a crucial application to distinguish the enlarged azygos vein from the right paratracheal mass and lymph node radiologically and clinically

Evaluating emotional regulation in children with ADHD and their mothers

Objective: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common childhood neurodevelopmental disorder. Due to prior studies, emotion dysregulation can cause externalizing behavior problems and social impairment. Parental factors are important for children's emotional regulation. We aimed to evaluate emotional dysregulation in children with ADHD and their mothers comparing with controls. Methods: The study group consisted of 62 children (6-12 years old) diagnosed with ADHD. The control group (62 children) comprised patients of other clinics at hospital and was matched for gender and age to the ADHD patients. The Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School Aged Children-Present and Lifetime Version (K-SADS-PL) was used to diagnose ADHD and allowed comorbidities. We evaluated disorder severity at the time of assessment using the Clinic Global Impression Scale (CGI-S). All patients were treatment-naive. Emotional Regulation Checklist (ERC) and child behavior checklist (CBCL) were used to examine children emotional regulation and behavioral profiles. Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS) was used to indicate maternal emotional dysregulation status. Results: There was no significant difference between sociodemographic data of two groups. Children with ADHD had difficulties in anxiety, social functioning, thought problems, attention, agression and rule breaking areas of CBCL. Mothers of children with ADHD had higher scores in all goals, impulsivity, strategies, and nonacceptance subscales of DERS. Emotional lability scores were statistically significant higher in ADHD group. Conclusion: ADHD generally continues into adolescence and adulthood and multiple functional impairments can be occured due to ADHD. If the relationship between emotion regulation and ADHD is understood well, treatment of ADHD and emotion dysregulation will be provided easily. Further studies are needed for improving treatment of ADHD and emotion dysregulation

Memory in patients with drug-responsive mesial temporal lobe epilepsy and hippocampal sclerosis

Purpose: Mesial temporal lobe epilepsy associated with hippocampal sclerosis (MTLE-HS) is the most common of the antiepileptic drug (AED)-resistant seizure syndromes that are remediable mostly with surgery, although a small group of patients have benign prognosis with fewer seizures. Material-specific memory impairment is an important feature in these patients and may be related to both the structural abnormality and the frequent seizures. In this study, we investigated the relation between memory deficit and HS by taking seizure frequency into account

Allele frequencies of dopamine D4 receptor gene (DRD4) and Catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) Val158Met polymorphism are associated with methylphenidate response in adolescents with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder: a case control preliminary study

OBJECTIVES: In this study, it was aimed to analyse the relationship between clinical improvement in adolescents with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and the presence of allele frequencies of dopamine D4 receptor (DRD4), and Val158Met polymorphism of catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) genes

Functional outcome in late adolescence/early adulthood of patients with autism spectrum disorder and its relationships with parental burnout and depression: A preliminary multi-center, cross-sectional study

The aim of this study is to determine the functioning of adults with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) diagnosed in childhood and depression and burnout levels among their parents. A total of 261 adults with ASDs and their parents were recruited for the study. Both parents completed the Beck Depression and Maslach Burnout Inventories and reported the functioning of their adult offspring with ASDs. Only 5.4 % of our sample reported “good” or “very good” outcomes. The most common psychiatric comorbidities were intellectual disabilities and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Maternal burnout and depression scores were significantly elevated compared to those of fathers. There is an undeniable urgent need for more research to identify the needs of adults and families suffering from ASD. Modifications for those with ASD may have to be made for support in workplaces, achieving driving licenses, using public transportation and attendance at tertiary education. © 2023 The Author