An investigation on relationship between CRM and organizational learning through knowledge management: A case study of Tehran travel agency

Customer relationship management (CRM) plays essential role on the success of many business units. CRM integrates necessary data from internal and external sources to assist managers and employees for business development. This paper attempts to analyze relationship between CRM, organizational learning, and knowledge management. Research population includes travel agencies in Tehran, Iran and their manager are considered for the purpose of this study. This research has four variables 1- Successful implementation of KM, 2- Organizational learning, 3- customer orientation, and 4- information share with customers. The preliminary results of this survey indicate that any development of CRM will significantly contribute relative efficiency of this travel agency. The results also indicate that there is a meaningful relationship among components of CRM including organizational learning, and knowledge management in this travel agency

Multi-relaxation-time Lattice Boltzman model for uniform-shear flow over a rotating circular cylinder

A numerical investigation of the two-dimensional laminar flow and heat transfer a rotating circular cylinder with uniform planar shear, where the free-stream velocity varies linearly across the cylinder using Multi-Relaxation-Time Lattice Boltzmann method is conducted. The effects of variation of Reynolds number, rotational speed ratio at shear rate 0.1, blockage ratio 0.1 and Prandtl number 0.71 are studied. The Reynolds number changing from 50 to 160 for three rotational speed ratios of 0, 0.5, 1 is investigated. Results show that flow and heat transfer depends significantly on the rotational speed ratio as well as the Reynolds number. The effect of Reynolds number on the vortex-shedding frequency and period-surface Nusselt numbers is overall very strong compared with rotational speed ratio. Flow and heat conditions characteristics such as lift and drag coefficients, Strouhal number and Nusselt numbers are studied

Characteristics and Skills for Medical Librarians as the Information Experts in Accidents and Disasters

Introduction: The accident and disaster team's access to reliable and up-to-date information can mean faster crisis management, requiring specialist forces in this field. Therefore, this research aims to determine the characteristics and skills medical librarians need to be disaster and disaster information experts. Methods: The current research is descriptive and has been conducted using a narrative review method. In this study, 46 articles were found based on searches conducted in databases and websites of journals, which met the researchers’ criteria for inclusion in the study. In the next step, to achieve the main goal of the research, the content of these articles was examined and analyzed in-depth, and as a result, the characteristics and skills needed by librarians of accidents and disasters were extracted. Results: The results showed that the characteristics and skills needed in the order of abundance in the sources include the provision of information services, the use of information technology tools, collection managers, training in disaster response activities, institutional supporters, internal planners, government partners, mental health support, safe shelter, community resilience, familiarity with crisis management topics, and meeting needs. Conclusion: The results of the source review showed that librarians can play an influential role in the field of accidents and disasters. For this purpose, they must have the required characteristics and skills acquired through workshops or training courses, which add lesson units to educational topics

Methylmalonic Acidemia: Diagnosis and Neuroimaging Findings of This Neurometabolic Disorder (An Iranian Pediatric Case Series)

How To Cite This Article: Karimzadeh P, Jafari N, Jabbehdari S, Taghdiri MM, Nemati H, Saket S, Alaee MR, Ghofrani M, Tonakebni SH. Methylmalonic Acidemia: Diagnosis and Neuroimaging Findings of This Neurometabolic Disorder (An Iranian Pediatric Case Series). Iran J Child Neurol. 2013 Summer; 7(3): 63-66. ObjectiveMethylmalonic acidemia is one of the inborn errors of metabolism resulting in the accumulation of acylcarnitine in blood and increased urinary methylmalonic acid excretion. This disorder can have symptoms, such as neurological and gastrointestinal manifestations, lethargy, and anorexia.Materials & MethodsThe patients who were diagnosed as methylmalonic acidemia in the Neurology Department of Mofid Children’s Hospital in Tehran, Iran, between 2002 and 2012 were included in our study. The disorder was confirmed by clinical findings, neuroimaging findings, and neurometabolic and geneticassessment in reference laboratory in Germany. We assessed the age, gender, past medical history, developmental status, clinical manifestations, and neuroimaging findings of 20 patients with methylmalonic acidemia.ResultsEighty percent of the patients were offspring of consanguineous marriages. Half of the patients had Failure to thrive (FTT) due to anorexia; 85% had history of developmental delay or regression, and 20% had refractory seizure, which all of them were controlled. The patients with methylmalonic acidemia were followed for approximately 5 years and the follow-up showedthat the patients with early diagnosis had a more favorable clinical response in growth index, refractory seizure, anorexia, and neurodevelopmental delay. Neuroimaging findings included brain atrophy, basal ganglia involvement (often in putamen), and periventricular leukomalacia.ConclusionAccording to the results of this study, we suggest that early assessment and diagnosis have an important role in the prevention of disease progression and clinical signs.References:1. Trinh BC, Melhem ER, Barker PB. Multi-slice proton MR spectroscopy and diffusion-weighted imaging in methylmalonic acidemia: report of two cases and review of the literature. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2001;22(5):831-3.2. Mahoney MJ, Bick D. Recent advances in the inherited methylmalonic acidemias. Acta Paediatr Scand1987;76(5):689-96.3. Radmanesh A, Zaman T, Ghanaati H, Molaei S, Robertson RL, ZamaniAA. Methylmalonic acidemia: brain imaging findings in 52 children and a review of the literature.Pediatr Radiol 2008 Oct;38(10):1054-61.4. Cantani A. [Methylmalonic acidemia: classification, diagnosis and therapy]. KlinPadiatr 1983;195(6):388-93.5. Avery ME, First LR, Pediatric Medicine, 2nd ed. Williams & Wilkins, Waverly Company; 1994. p.1075.6. Matsui SM, Mahoney MJ, Resenberg LE. The natural history of the inherited methylmalonic acidemias. N Engl J Med 1983;308(15):857-61.7. Holliday MA, Barrat M, Arner ED. Pediatric Nephrology, 3rd ed. William and Wilkins 1994; p. 890.8. Soda H, Yoshida I, Aramaki S, Kuriya N, Aoki K, Inokuchi T, et al. Renal handling of methylmalonic acid in a uraemic patient with vitamin B12 unresponsive methylmalonica cidaemia. J Inherit Metab Dis 1996;19(1):90-1.9. Imen M, Hanene B, Ichraf K, Aida R, Ilhem T, Naziha K, et al. Methylmalonic acidemia and hyperglycemia: an unusual association. Brain Dev 2012;34(2):113-4.10. Ma X, Zhang Y, Yang Y, Liu X, Yang Z, Bao X, et al. Epilepsy in children with methylmalonic acidemia: electroclinical features and prognosis. Brain Dev 2011;33(9):790-5.11. Brismar J, Ozand PT. CT and MR of the brain in disorders of the propionate and methylmalonatemetabolism. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 1994;15(8):1459-73.12. Nicolaides P, Leonard J, Surtees R. Neurological outcome of methylmalonic acidaemia. Arch Dis Child 1998;78:508-12.

Evaluation of One Hundred Pediatric Muscle Biopsies During A 2-Year Period in Mofid Children And Toos Hospitals

 How to Cite This Article:Nilipor Y, Shariatmadari F, Abdollah gorji F, Rouzrokh M, Ghofrani M, Karimzadeh P, Taghdiri MM,  Delavarkasmaei H, Ahmadabadi F, Bakhshandeh bali MK, Nemati H, Saket S, Jafari N, Yaghini O, Tonekaboni SH.  Evaluation of One Hundred Pediatric Muscle Biopsies During A 2-Year Period in Mofid Children And Toos Hospitals. Iran J Child Neurol. 2013 Spring;7(2):17-21. ObjectiveMuscle biopsy is a very important diagnostic test in the investigation of a child with suspected neuromuscular disorder. The goal of this study was to review and evaluate pediatric muscle biopsies during a 2-year period with focus on histopathology diagnosis and correlations with other paraclinicstudies.Materials & MethodsWe investigated 100 muscle biopsies belonging to patients with clinical impression of neuromuscular disorder. These patients have been visited consecutively by pediatric neurologists during 2010 to 2012. Samples were investigated by standard enzyme histochemical and immunohistochemical techniques.ResultSixty-nine (69%) males and 39 (39%) females with a mean age of 5.7 years were evaluated. Major pathologic diagnoses were Muscular dystrophy (48 cases), Neurogenic atrophy (18 cases), nonspecific myopathic atrophy (12cases), congenital myopathy (6 cases), storage myopathies (4 cases) and in 6 cases there was no specific histochemical pathologic finding. EMG was abnormal in 79 cases. Degree of correlation between EMG and biopsy result was significant in children ≥ 2 years of age.ConclusionThis study confirms the high diagnostic yields of muscle biopsyespecially only if standard and new techniques such as enzyme study and immunohistochemistry are implemented. Also, we report 11 cases of Merosin negative congenital muscular dystrophy. This is the largest documented case series of Merosin deficient congenital muscular dystrophy reported from Iran. References1. Harvey B. Sarnat. Evaluation and Investigation. In:Kliegman. Stanton.Schor. Behrman.Nelson Text Book of Pediatrics.19th edition.Philadelphia: Elsevier,2011. P.2109-2112. 2. Harvey B. Sarnat and John H Menkes. Disease of TheMotore Unit. In: John H Menkes, Harvey B Sarnat, Bernard L Maria. Child Neurology. 7th edition.california: lippincott,2006.p.969-972.3. Marius Kuras Skram, Sasha Gulati, Erik Larrson. Muscle Biopsies In Children-An Evaluation Of Histopathology And Clinical Valueduring A 5-Year Period. Upsala J Med Sci 2009 March:114 (1);41-45.4. Owji M, Modaressi F. Diagnosis of Myopathies Using Histology. Histochemistry, Immunohistochemistry and Electron Microscopy 2010,12 (4):434 -440.5. Dua T, Das M, Kabra M. Spectrum of Floppy Children in Indian Scenario. Indian Pediatric J 2001, 38:1236-1243.6. Rabie M, Jossiphov J, Nevo Y. Electromyography accuracy compared to muscle biopsy in childhood. J Child Neurol 2007 jul; 22(7):803.8.

Effects of anthropogenic activities on the heavy metal levels in the clams and sediments in a tropical river

The present study aimed to assess the effects of anthropogenic activities on the heavy metal levels in the Langat River by transplantation of Corbicula javanica. In addition, potential ecological risk indexes (PERI) of heavy metals in the surface sediments of the river were also investigated. The correlation analysis revealed that eight metals (As, Co, Cr, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn) in total soft tissue (TST) while five metals (As, Cd, Cr, Fe and Mn) in shell have positively and significantly correlation with respective metal concentration in sediment, indicating the clams is a good biomonitor of the metal levels. Based on clustering patterns, the discharge of dam impoundment, agricultural activities and urban domestic waste were identified as three major contributors of the metals in Pangsun, Semenyih and Dusun Tua, and Kajang, respectively. Various geochemical indexes for a single metal pollutant (geoaccumulation index (I geo), enrichment factors (EF), contamination factor (C f) and ecological risk (Er)) all agreed that Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni and Zn are not likely to cause adverse effect to the river ecosystem, but As and Pb could pose a potential ecological risk to the river ecosystem. All indexes (degree of contamination (C d), combined pollution index (CPI) and PERI) showed that overall metal concentrations in the tropical river are still within safe limit. River metal pollution was investigated. Anthropogenic activities were contributors of the metal pollution. Geochemical indexes showed that metals are within the safe limit

Effect of Potassium Permanganate on Effectiveness of Chitosan in Removing of Turbidity and Fecal Coliforms from Wastewater

Chitosan, as a coagulant is used in water and wastewater treatment. It has similar performance in comparison with other conventional coagulants, and doesn’t have any disadvantages of them. However, its bactericidal property is lower than the metal based coagulants. In this study the potential synergistic effect of potassium permanganate, as a powerful oxidant, on the Chitosan fecal coliforms inactivation and turbidity removal has been investigated. Synthetic wastewater samples were prepared by mixing tap water with Bentonite and adding pure culture of fecal coliforms that provided by biological laboratory of Tehran University of Medical Sciences. After preparing synthetic samples of the wastewater and determining its turbidity and fecal coliforms concentration, various doses of Chitosan and Potassium Permanganate individually and in combination with each other, were injected to the samples. Afterwards supernatant of jar reactors were investigated for turbidity and fecal coliforms removal. Simultaneous use Chitosan and potassium permanganate has higher removal efficiency than the individual using of them. Highest applied combined dose (3 mg / L  Chitosan and 1.5  mg / L  potassium permanganate) reduced fecal coliform to a level less than 100 MPN/100mL , which is  equivalent 4 log-inactivation of fecal coliforms. Simultaneous use of Chitosan and potassium permanganate in tertiary treatment of wastewater can led to produce lower turbidity, as well as higher microbial quality in the effluent, which can reduce the amount of required disinfectant, consequently disinfection by products formation lowered very much

Accurate fault location element for series compensated double-circuit transmission lines utilizing negative-sequence phasors

Obtaining the accurate fault location in the series compensated double-circuit transmission lines (SCDCTL) is a challenge due to the presence of series compensator, fault resistance, and mutual the coupling between parallel lines. Although by using the pilot fault location methods, the effect of all the aforementioned factors can be eliminated and the location of the fault can be calculated. However, the number of communication channels available for pilot schemes is limited. In addition, the reliability of the communication links for long transmission lines may be particularly reduced. On the other hand, most of the non-pilot methods need to calculate the series compensator data and the accuracy of the fault location in them depends on the accuracy of the series compensator parameters. To improve the limitation of conventional impedance-based methods, this paper presents a non-pilot accurate fault location element (FLE) for conventional distance relays in SCDCTL. The main concept of the proposed method is considering the proper Kirchhoff voltage law (KVL) loop in the negative-sequence circuit of SCDCTL. Consideration of the shunt capacitances of lines ensures accuracy of the achieved fault location formula. It is shown that the designed FLE can improve limitations associated with similar methods such as the dependence of these methods to the fault resistance, mutual coupling between the parallel lines, and the series compensator (SC) parameters. To investigate the performance of the proposed FLE, several factors are considered in the simulation analysis including different fault resistances, fault locations, and fault types. Besides, the influence of current transformer (CT) saturation, measurement errors, external faults, bypassing of the Metal Oxide Varistor (MOV), and effect of noise on the proposed scheme is studied. Evaluation study using PSCAD verify the effectiveness and applicability of the proposed scheme. 2021Scopus2-s2.0-8510043075

Organizational Citizenship Behavior and Tourist

Organizational citizenship behavior is a type of voluntary behavior that is displayed out of the person’s own willingness, without any extrinsic motivation. This behavior is beyond the predefined duties of the employee and is done for helping out the organization or the customer, and entails no compensation. Existence of people with such behavior in organizations, not only helps accomplishing the organizational goals, but also acts a source of competitive advantage for institutions. The fruit of such behavior in individual level is loyalty of employees to organization and the job. This loyalty in tourism and hoteliering arenas translates into multiple returning of tourists and recommendation of destinations to others. Respecting the importance of organizational citizenship behavior in prosperity of hotels and formation of tourist loyalty, the current research engages in the study of its influence on loyalty of tourists accommodating in 2 and 3 stared hotels of Sarein. The method is descriptive-survey type. Statistical population encompasses the customers, managers and employees of different sections of hotels. Findings of the research revealed that indexes of citizenship behavior influence the tourist’s loyalty by different weights. In the end, some suggestions are provided for the hotel managers