The generalized Fenyes-Nelson model for free scalar field theory

The generalized Fenyes--Nelson model of quantum mechanics is applied to the free scalar field. The resulting Markov field is equivalent to the Euclidean Markov field with the times scaled by a common factor which depends on the diffusion parameter. This result is consistent between Guerra's earlier work on stochastic quantization of scalar fields. It suggests a deep connection between Euclidean field theory and the stochastic interpretation of quantum mechanics. The question of Lorentz covariance is also discussed.Comment: 6 page

Folding of the triangular lattice in a discrete three-dimensional space: Crumpling transitions in the negative-bending-rigidity regime

Folding of the triangular lattice in a discrete three-dimensional space is studied numerically. Such ``discrete folding'' was introduced by Bowick and co-workers as a simplified version of the polymerized membrane in thermal equilibrium. According to their cluster-variation method (CVM) analysis, there appear various types of phases as the bending rigidity K changes in the range -infty < K < infty. In this paper, we investigate the K<0 regime, for which the CVM analysis with the single-hexagon-cluster approximation predicts two types of (crumpling) transitions of both continuous and discontinuous characters. We diagonalized the transfer matrix for the strip widths up to L=26 with the aid of the density-matrix renormalization group. Thereby, we found that discontinuous transitions occur successively at K=-0.76(1) and -0.32(1). Actually, these transitions are accompanied with distinct hysteresis effects. On the contrary, the latent-heat releases are suppressed considerably as Q=0.03(2) and 0.04(2) for respective transitions. These results indicate that the singularity of crumpling transition can turn into a weak-first-order type by appreciating the fluctuations beyond a meanfield level

The formation of silver /I/ chloride by the action of silver /I/ ion on carbon tetrachloride in 2-butanol and methanol

Formation of silver chloride by action of silver ion on carbon tetrachloride in 2-butanol and methano

Chapter Three. EED library as a basis for systematic reviews

3.1 Defining Systematic Review Question Priorities 3.2 Determining Relevance to the Systematic Review 3.3 Acquisition of References and Copyright Fair Use Compliance 3.4 Documenting Relevance to the Systematic Review 3.5 Data Extraction for the Systematic Review 3.6 EED Library: Search Results Overview 3.7 Quality Control 3.8 EED Library Statushttps://digitalcommons.wustl.edu/tropicalenteropathybook/1004/thumbnail.jp

Chapter Five. Systematic review results by biomarker classifications

5.1 Markers of Absorption and Permeability Overview 5.2 Markers of Absorption 5.3 Markers of Permeability 5.4 Markers of Digestion 5.5 Markers of Intestinal Inflammation and Intestinal Immune Activation 5.6 Markers of Systemic Inflammation and Systemic Immune Activation 5.7 Markers of Microbial Drivers 5.8 Markers of Nonspecific Intestinal Injury 5.9 Markers of Extra-Small Intestinal Function 5.10 Relationships Between Markers of EED, Including Histopathology 5.11 Relationships between EED Biomarkers and Growth or Other Outcomes of Interesthttps://digitalcommons.wustl.edu/tropicalenteropathybook/1006/thumbnail.jp

How the presentation of patient information and decision-support advisories influences opioid prescribing behavior: A simulation study

ObjectiveThe United States faces an opioid crisis. Integrating prescription drug monitoring programs into electronic health records offers promise to improve opioid prescribing practices. This study aimed to evaluate 2 different user interface designs for prescription drug monitoring program and electronic health record integration.Materials and MethodsTwenty-four resident physicians participated in a randomized controlled experiment using 4 simulated patient cases. In the conventional condition, prescription opioid histories were presented in tabular format, and computerized clinical decision support (CDS) was provided via interruptive modal dialogs (ie, pop-ups). The alternative condition featured a graphical opioid history, a cue to visit that history, and noninterruptive CDS. Two attending pain specialists judged prescription appropriateness.ResultsParticipants in the alternative condition wrote more appropriate prescriptions. When asked after the experiment, most participants stated that they preferred the alternative design to the conventional design.ConclusionsHow patient information and CDS are presented appears to have a significant influence on opioid prescribing behavior

Chapter Six. Conclusions and future implications

6.1 Summary of Findings 6.2 Future Biomarker and Diagnostics Researchhttps://digitalcommons.wustl.edu/tropicalenteropathybook/1007/thumbnail.jp

Self-Consistent Screening Approximation for Flexible Membranes: Application to Graphene

Crystalline membranes at finite temperatures have an anomalous behavior of the bending rigidity that makes them more rigid in the long wavelength limit. This issue is particularly relevant for applications of graphene in nano- and micro-electromechanical systems. We calculate numerically the height-height correlation function $G(q)$ of crystalline two-dimensional membranes, determining the renormalized bending rigidity, in the range of wavevectors $q$ from $10^{-7}$ \AA$^{-1}$ till 10 \AA$^{-1}$ in the self-consistent screening approximation (SCSA). For parameters appropriate to graphene, the calculated correlation function agrees reasonably with the results of atomistic Monte Carlo simulations for this material within the range of $q$ from $10^{-2}$ \AA$^{-1}$ till 1 \AA$^{-1}$. In the limit $q\rightarrow 0$ our data for the exponent $\eta$ of the renormalized bending rigidity $\kappa_R(q)\propto q^{-\eta}$ is compatible with the previously known analytical results for the SCSA $\eta\simeq 0.82$. However, this limit appears to be reached only for $q<10^{-5}$ \AA$^{-1}$ whereas at intermediate $q$ the behavior of $G(q)$ cannot be described by a single exponent.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figure