Royal Jelly Modulates Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis in Liver and Kidneys of Rats Treated with Cisplatin

Cisplatin (CDDP) is one of the most active cytotoxic agents in the treatment of cancer and has adverse side effects such as nephrotoxicity and hepatotoxicity. The present study was designed to determine the effects of royal jelly (RJ) against oxidative stress caused by CDDP injury of the kidneys and liver, by measuring tissue biochemical and antioxidant parameters and investigating apoptosis immunohistochemically. Twenty-four Sprague Dawley rats were divided into four groups, group C: control group received 0.9% saline; group CDDP: injected i.p. with cisplatin (CDDP, 7 mg kg−1 body weight i.p., single dose); group RJ: treated for 15 consecutive days by gavage with RJ (300 mg/kg/day); group RJ + CDDP: treated by gavage with RJ 15 days following a single injection of CDDP. Malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) levels, glutathione S-transferase (GST), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities were determined in liver and kidney homogenates, and the liver and kidney were also histologically examined. RJ elicited a significant protective effect towards liver and kidney by decreasing the level of lipid peroxidation (MDA), elevating the level of GSH, and increasing the activities of GST, GSH-Px, and SOD. In the immunohistochemical examinations were observed significantly enhanced apoptotic cell numbers and degenerative changes by cisplatin, but these histological changes were lower in the liver and kidney tissues of RJ + CDDP group. Besides, treatment with RJ lead to an increase in antiapoptotic activity hepatocytes and tubular epithelium. In conclusion, RJ may be used in combination with cisplatin in chemotherapy to improve cisplatin-induced oxidative stress parameters and apoptotic activity

Light and electron microscopic investigations on the endocrine pancreas in Angora rabbit

WOS: 000274637800003The endocrine pancreas of the Angora rabbits (10 healthy adult) was examined in this study using histochemistry and electron microscopy. Pancreas samples taken rabbits were fixed in Bouin, Carnoy, and gluteraldehyde-paraformaldehyde solutions. Although, two endocrine cell types was determined in sections of pancreas staining as histochemical by aldehyde fuchsine light green orange G (AF), endocrine islets were constituted by A, B and D cells in electron microscopical examination. The centre of the Langerhans islets were occupied predominantly by B cells stained purple-violet and surrounded a few by A cells stained yellowish-green. Secretory granules of A cells generally were spherical and high electron-dense whereas in the cytoplasm of B cells were determined high electron-dense and low electron- dens granules, have a halo between the membrane and their content. D cells were observed contain to round two kinds of secretory granules, have high electron-dense and low electron-dense material, but smaller than those A and B cell types. In conclusion, the endocrine pancreas of the Angora rabbits were constituted by numerously B cells, a few A cells, and infrequently D cells

The Histological Structure of the Exocrine Pancreas in Angora Rabbits

WOS: 000266282200004In this study, the exocrine pancreas of the Angora rabbits was examined by light and electron microscopical methods. Pancreas samples taken from rabbits were fixed in bouin and gluteraldehyde-paraformaldehyde Solutions. Then, these tissues processed by histological methods were embedded in araldite M and paraphlast. In the light and electron microscopic examination, the exocrine pancreas was constituted by acinar cell with small, moderate and large diameter- ducts. Pyramidal epithelial cells that compose the acini were demonstrated to be rich from rough endoplasmic reticulum, crystal type mitochondria, free ribosomes and high electron-dense zymogene granules. Moderate and large diameter- ducts were contained commonly prencipal cells, numerous goblet cells and a few enteroendocrine cells in lamina epithelialis, and mucous and sero-mucous glands in lamina propria. In conclusion, the histological structure of exocrine pancreas in Angora rabbits are similar in human, rat, mice, and cat, whereas are determined fairly different from mammalian species by caused containing goblet cells, mucous and sero-mucous glands in pancreatic ducts. These cells containing neutral, acidic and mix mucin might be Supported the secretion metabolism of the exocrine pancreas in the Angora rabbits

Morphological studies on ovarian mast cells in the cow

WOS: 000247802900008This study was conducted on cows in the estrual and luteal phases of the cycle to determine the staining properties, light and electron microscopic appearance and numerical distribution of mast cells from various areas of the ovary. The material for the study comprised ovarian specimen taken from 14 cows, 7 in the luteal phase and 7 in the estrual phase of the sexual cycle. Specimens were taken from 3 different areas of the ovaries, including those surrounding the corpus luteum, the graafian follicle and the medulla. From all 3 areas, mast cells were demonstrated as metachromatic staining after treatment of paraffin- embedded sections with toluidine blue and as Ab(+)/ SO(-) by the combined alcian blue/ safranine O (Ab/ SO) stain. In the electron microscopic studies, the mast cells were observed to have 2 types of granules, namely homogeneously dense granules and tiny particulate granules. All 3 regions of the ovary were observed to have higher average mast cell counts per mm 2 during the estrual phase than during the luteal phase (P < 0.001). In the estrual phase, while mast cell counts demonstrated a marked increase in the periphery of the graafian follicle, a low number of mast cells was determined in the periphery of the corpus luteum. In comparison, the medulla was demonstrated to have a much higher concentration of mast cells in the medulla than the other 2 regions of the ovarium

Distribution and Location of Endocrine Cells in the Pancreas of the Sparrowhawk, Accipiter nisus

WOS: 000333080000022The distribution and location of endocrine cells were determined in the dorsal, ventral, and splenic lobes of sparrowhawk pancreas using immunohistochemical methods. In this study, pancreatic tissues were stained with anti-insulin, anti-glucagon, anti-somatostatin, anti-gastrin, and anti-serotonin primary antibodies using the streptavidin-biotin-peroxidase method. The results showed that the numbers of glucagon-(alpha cell), insulin-(beta cell), and somatostatin-(delta cell) releasing cells were high and located in the splenic lobe of the pancreas. These endocrine cells were grouped into alpha, beta, and mixed islets. Alpha islets were mainly composed of alpha and delta cells and also occasionally beta cells. Beta islets contained numerous beta cells and a few delta and alpha cells. Furthermore, in the exocrine tissue were showed as only one cell or 2-3 gastrin immunopositive cell groups, whereas serotonin immunopositive cells were not found anywhere in the exocrine and endocrine pancreas. In conclusion, the endocrine islet types, endocrine cell localizations and lobe numbers of pancreas in sparrowhawks are similar to predator bird species, but are determined different to domestic fowls

The effects of experimental aflatoxicosis on the exocrine pancreas in quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica)

Essiz, Dinc/0000-0002-4759-7858WOS: 000248109400006PubMed: 17486318The present investigation was undertaken to assess the effects of aflatoxin (AF) on the exocrine pancreas in quails by means of light and electron microscopy. A total of 30 quails were divided into three groups, each composed of ten animals. Total AF was incorporated into the diet of these groups, at doses of 0, 2.5, and 5.0 mg of AF/kg feed, ppm, respectively. The quails were raised in cages with electrical heating and 24-h lighting for a period of 3 weeks. Ad libitum access was provided to feed and drinking water. Pancreas samples were taken for light and electron microscopic examination from animals that were killed by means of cervical dislocation at the end of the study. Light microscopic examination demonstrated mild mononuclear cell infiltration of exocrine tissue and vacuolisation of acinar cells in the group fed on AF at 2.5 ppm. On the other hand, electron microscopic examination demonstrated degranulation of the rough endoplasmic reticulum (rER) of acinar cells, decrease in the number of zymogen granules and free ribosomes and polisomes, and dilatation of capillaries in the group fed on AF at a dose of 2.5 ppm. Numerous degenerative acinar cells were determined in the group fed a diet containing 5.0 ppm AF, in addition to the findings common with the other group exposed to the toxin