1,649 research outputs found

    Node counting in a wireless sensor network

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    Biodiversity and monthly density fluctuations of water mites in Khankra gad, a spring-fed tributary of river Alaknanda, Pauri Garhwal in Uttarakhand, India

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    Hydrachnidia is an important group of aquatic invertebrates. They play an important role in regulating other invertebrate populations, thus influencing the composition and functionality of river ecosystems. The present study aims to assess the habitat ecology, density and diversity of aquatic mites in the Khankra gad, Rudraprayag district for a period of two year on a monthly basis, from July 2018 to June 2020. The Khankra gad is a perennial spring-fed stream originating from the Bansoun peak in district-Rudraprayag of Garhwal Himalaya (800 m asl). A total of 2537 Hydrachnidia samples were collected, belonging to 6 families viz, Torrenticolidae, Sperchontidae, Feltriidae, Hygrobatidae, Lebertiidae and Aturidae. Sperchontidae, Torrenticolidae and Hygrobatidae were the common families recorded in both spots, whereas Feltriidae was recorded in Spot-1, Lebertiidae and Aturidae were recorded in Spot-2. The highest numbers (1842) of Hydrachnidia were collected from Spot-2.  A total of 19 aquatic mite species were recorded in Spot-1 and 25 species in Spot-2 throughout the study period. Aquatic mites showed maximum density (177 units.m-2 in Spot-1 and 274units.m-2 in Spot-2) in December and minimum (11 units.m-2 in Spot-1 and 17 units.m-2 in Spot-2) in July. Various ecological parameters of our study indicated that Khankra gad is a good habitat for aquatic mites

    Generalized Electromagnetic fields in Chiral Medium

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    The time dependent Dirac-Maxwell's Equations in presence of electric and magnetic sources are written in chiral media and the solutions for the classical problem are obtained in unique simple and consistent manner. The quaternion reformulation of generalized electromagnetic fields in chiral media has also been developed in compact, simple and consistent manner

    Effect of ZnO Addition on the Sintering Behavior of Al2O3

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    Densification of alumina has been studied in the present work in presence of Zinc oxide. Zinc oxide as dopant has been added to the extent of 0.5, 1 and 2 weight % to pure alumina and studied for pressure-less sintering. Pellets of without and with ZnO containing compositions were sintered at 15500C 16000C, 16500C and then characterized for densification, phase analysis. A new phase, ZnAl2O4, has been observed in the sintered samples indicating reactions between alumina and dopant phase. Results reveal that Zinc oxide is a beneficial sintering additive for alumina on sintering at 16500C, at lower temperatures it has a hindering effect on sintering

    High-Molecular-Weight Human Epidermal Transglutaminase

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    Human stratum corneum was extracted in Tris-HCl containing EDTA and phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride, separated on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, transblotted to nitrocellulose papers and reacted with rabbit antihuman epidermal transglutaminase (ETG) antibody. Protein-bound antibody was detected with a multistep peroxidase procedure. Proteins with a molecular weight of 50,000 (50kDa) and 72,000 daltons (72kDa) were stained when anti-ETG Was used and not when second antibody alone or sera from nonimmunized animals were used. When ETG was treated with trypsin or organic solvents, there was no alteration in the mobility of the 50kDa ETC band, but there was complete disappearance of the 72kDa band. Antibody that bound 72kDa protein, when eluted from the blot, reacted with both 50kDa and 72kDa proteins; similarly, antibody that bound to the 50kDa protein, when eluted from the blot, reacted with both the 50kDa and 72kDa proteins. Partially purified 72kDa ETG activity was increased (3 to 16 times control levels) after heating at 56°C in the presence of calcium and dithiothreitol or by treatment with trypsin. These studies, in conjunction with the previous studies of ETG activation, are consistent with there being two forms of ETG. The different forms may play a role in regulating enzyme activity

    Theory of defect-mediated ionic transport in Li, Na and K beta and beta prime prime aluminas

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    Alkali metal β\beta/β\beta^{\prime\prime} aluminas are among the fastest ionic conductors, yet little is understood about the role of defects in the ion transport mechanism. Here, we use density functional theory (DFT) to investigate the crystal structures of β\beta and β\beta^{\prime\prime} phases, and vacancy and interstitial defects in these materials. We find that charge transport is likely to be dominated by alkali metal interstitials in β\beta-aluminas and by vacancies in β\beta^{\prime\prime} aluminas. Lower bounds for the activation energy for diffusion are found by determining the minimum energy paths for defect migration. The resulting migration barriers are lower than the experimental activation energies for conduction in Na β\beta and β\beta^{\prime\prime} aluminas, suggesting a latent potential for optimization. The lowest activation energy of about 20 meV is predicted for correlated vacancy migration in K β\beta^{\prime\prime} alumina

    Seedling Recruitment of Rhododendron arboreum: an important NTFP species of North-Western Himalaya, India

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    We examined the recruitment, survival, mortality, growth, and development of Rhododendron arboreum Smith, one of the important Non- Timber forest Product species (NTFPs). Ten permanent plots (10 x 10 m2) were created in four sites of mixed broad-leaved temperate forests of Garhwal Himalaya. We measured seedling shoot length and collar diameter at the beginning of the experiment and re-measured at three-month intervals with maximum seedling recruitment recorded in Triguginaryan (36.36 %, during Nov and Aug), and most seedlings were found established either on the boundary or in either partially or fully gaps. While a higher rate of mortality occurred in the winter season. Maximum height increment for seedlings was recorded in Adhwani (1.005 cm-1). R. arboreum recorded the highest recruitment during post-rainy, with an overall increment of 0.60 cm-1. Seasonal variations were seen in the overall relative growth rate for height (RGRH) for Rhododendron seedlings. Seasonal variation in temperature and light is a crucial factor in determining growth. Because of the favorable temperature and soil moisture during the rainy season, vigorous shoot growth continued for the longest period of time at all four sites. The current study's findings also show that seedlings develop and survive better in gaps than in the understory. The current study also demonstrates that ideal soil moisture and temperature conditions are essential for seedling growth and development
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