The characteristics of craniofacial and cervicovertebral morphology in different genetic syndromes – a literature review and three case reports

Introduction: Patients with genetic syndromes were characterized by variety of skeletal craniofacial and cervicovertebral morphology. Skeletal anomalies are recognized concomitants of the various genetic syndromes. The aim of the study was to review the current literature on this topic and to present the characteristics of craniofacial and cervicovertebral morphology and subsequent anomalies in three patients with Crouzon syndrome, Treacher Collins syndrome and cleidocranial dysplasia. Materials and Methods: A comprehensive electronic search was performed using PubMed via Medline, Web of Science and SCOPUS.A manual search involved references form articles retrieved for possible inclusion. There were no restrictions as to date of publication, study design or language. The search, evaluation of relevant articles, and their critical appraisal were performed by two independent judges. Discrepancies between reviewers were resolved through a consensus with a third party. Case reports: Additionally, this paper presents a radiographic analysis of craniofacial and cervicovertebral morphology in patients with cleidocranial dysplasia, Crouzon, and Treacher Collins syndromes. The most characteristic findings of cervicovertebral morphology were the presence of cervical spine fusions in all three patients. The intervertebral fusions in patients with Crouzon and TreacherCollins syndromes have been characterized with "block vertebrae". Cervicovertebral complex of the patient with cleidocranialdysplasia is characterized by delayed mineralization of vertebral bodies (C1–C7). Results: Although craniofacial and cervicovertebral anomalies in presented syndromes have different phenotype expression, the vast majority of cases are caused by mutations in specific, syndrome-related genes (FGFR2, FGFR3, RUNX2, TCOF1, POLR1C,POLR1D). Craniofacial anomalies, that include changes in development of hard and soft tissues, were considered as traditional concomitant of presented syndromes. Apart from these changes, cervicovertebral region could also be affected. Recent reports show different changes in vertebral structure (delayed mineralization) and unphysiological relations (cervical spine fusions). Conclusion: The limitation of cervical range of motion resulting from these anomalies may have clinical significance on multidisciplinary management approach in these patients. Recent progress in dentistry resulted in better diagnostic and therapeutic options and outcomes for individuals with genetic syndromes

Hranidbeno ponašanje pasa lutalica u javnom prihvatilištu

Feeding time of stray dogs on the first, second, third, fifth and seventh day of captivity in a municipal shelter was studied. The average value of the feeding time of dogs decreased from the first day (429.07±107.08 seconds) to the third day in captivity when it reached the lowest average value (229.53±95.18 seconds). The feeding time of dogs on the third day in captivity differs significantly from the same parameter on the first (429.07±107.08 seconds) and second day (372.73±100.58 seconds) in captivity (p lt 0.01). The highest average value of feeding time of stray dogs in the shelter was recorded on the first day. On the fifth and seventh day the feeding time of dogs increased compared to the third day. However, there were no significant differences of the average value of feeding time on the third day comparing with the fifth day (260.8±111.06 seconds) or the seventh day (301.33±119.89 seconds). Dogs ate their food more slowly on the fifth and the seventh day than on the third day, but more quickly than on the first and the second day (372.73±100.58 seconds). Significant differences were estimated comparing the feeding time of dogs on the first day with the third (p lt 0.01), fifth (p lt 0.01), and seventh day (p lt 0.05) of housing in the municipal shelter. Also, the feeding time of dogs on the second day differed significantly from the third (p lt 0.01) and the fifth day (p lt 0.05).U radu su prikazani rezultati proučavanja brzine unošenja hrane kod pasa lutalica u javnom prihvatilištu u Beogradu prvog, drugog, trećeg, petog i sedmog dana boravka. Prosečna brzina unošenja hrane je opadala počev od prvog dana (429,07±107,08 sekundi) do trećeg dana boravka pasa u zatočeništvu kada je ovaj pokazatelj dostigao najnižu vrednost (229,53±95,18 sec). Brzina unošenja hrane trećeg dana se statistički značajno razlikovala u poređenju sa prvim danom (429,07±107,08 sec) i drugim danom (372,73±100,58 sec) boravka pasa u prihvatilištu (p lt 0,01). Najveća prosečna vrednost brzine unošenja hrane zabeležena je prvog dana boravka u prihvatilištu. Petog i sedmog dana boravka u prihvatilištu brzina unošenja hrane se povećala u poređenju sa trećim danom. Međutim, nisu uočene statistički značajne razlike u poređenju brzine unošenja hrane između trećeg i petog (260,8±111,06 sec) i trećeg I sedmog dana (301,33±119,89 sec). Psi su mnogo sporije unosili hranu petog i sedmog dana nego trećeg dana, ali brže nego prvog i drugog dana boravka u prihvatilištu (372,73±100,58 seconds). Značajne razlike su utvrđene u brzini unošenja hrane između prvog i trećeg (p lt 0,01), petog (p lt 0,01), sedmog dana (p lt 0,05) boravka pasa u prihvatilištu. Takođe, brzina unošenja hrane se značajno razlikovala i drugog dana u poređenju sa trećim (p lt 0,01) i petim danom (p lt 0,05)

Synthesis and characterization of conducting polyaniline nanotubes in the presence of colloidal TiO2 nanoparticles

Conducting polyaniline nanotubes were synthesized by the oxidative polymerization of aniline with ammonium peroxydisulfate in water, in the presence of colloidal TiO2 nanoparticles of an average diameter ~5 nm. Polyaniline-TiO2 nanocomposite has been characterized by the electrical conductivity measurements, thermogravimetric analysis, FTIR spectroscopy, scanning and transmission electron microscopies. The electrical conductivity of synthesized nanocomposite was 1.1 × 10–3 S cm–1, slightly higher than that of pure polyaniline prepared under the same conditions. Polyaniline nanotubes have an outer diameter of 45–230 nm nm, an inner diameter of 15–130 nm, and a length extending from 0.5 to 2.0 μm.Physical chemistry 2008 : 9th international conference on fundamental and applied aspects of physical chemistry; Belgrade (Serbia); 24-28 September 200

Germanium-on-silicon platforms for nonlinear photonics in the mid-infrared

We review our progress in the characterization of the nonlinear transmission properties of low loss germanium-on-silicon waveguides. Simple pump-probe experiments are employed to demonstrate their use for all-optical control

Formation and decay of the Rydberg states of multiply charged ions interacting with solid surfaces

Processes of formation and decay of the Rydberg states of multiply charged ions escaping solid surfaces with intermediate velocities (v approximate to 1 a.u.) represent complex quantum events that require a detailed quantum description. We have developed a two-state vector model for the population process, with the functions Psi(1) and Psi(2) for definition of the state of a single active electron. The electron exchange between the solid and the moving ion is described by a mixed flux through a plane positioned between them. For the low values of the angular momentum quantum numbers l the radial electronic coordinate rho can be neglected, whereas for the large-l values a wide space region around the projectile trajectory was taken into account. The reionization of the previously populated states is considered as a decay of the wave function Psi(2). The corresponding decay rates are obtained by an appropriate etalon equation method: in the large-l case the radial electronic coordinate rho is treated as a variational parameter. The theoretical predictions based on that population-reionization mechanism are compared with the available beam-foil experimental data, as well as the experimental data obtained in the interaction of multiply charged ions with micro-capillary foil. Generally, the model reproduces the experimentally observed non-linear trend of the l distributions from l = 0 to l(max) = n - 1.25th Summer School and International Symposium on the Physics of Ionized Gases - SPIG 2010, Aug 30-Sep 03, 2010, Donji Milanovac, Serbi

Outbreak of West Nile virus infection among humans in Serbia, August to October 2012

We describe the first reported outbreak of West Nile virus (WNV) infection in humans in Serbia in August to October 2012 and examine the association of various variables with encephalitis and fatal outcome. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used for detection of WNV-specific IgM and IgG antibodies in sera and cerebrospinal fluid. A total of 58 patients (mean age: 61 years; standard deviation: 15) were analysed: 44 were from Belgrade and its suburbs; 52 had neuroinvasive disease, of whom 8 had meningitis, while 44 had encephalitis. Acute flaccid paralysis developed in 13 of the patients with encephalitis. Age over 60 years and immunosuppression (including diabetes) were independently associated with the development of encephalitis in a multivariate analysis: odds ratio (OR): 44.8 (95% confidence interval (CI): 4.93-408.59); p=0.001 (age over 60 years); OR: 10.76 (95% CI: 1.06-109.65); p=0.045 (immunosuppression including diabetes). Respiratory failure requiring mechanical ventilation developed in 13 patients with encephalitis. A total of 35 patients had completely recovered by the time they were discharged; nine patients died. The presence of acute flaccid paralysis, consciousness impairment, respiratory failure and immunosuppression (without diabetes) were found to be associated with death in hospital in a univariate analysis (p lt 0.001, p=0.007, p lt 0.001 and p=0.010, respectively)

Colloidal-chemistry based synthesis of quantized CuInS2/Se2 nanoparticles

Ternary chalcogenide nanoparticles, CuInS2 and CuInSe2, were synthesized in high- temperature boiling organic non-polar solvent. The X-ray diffraction analysis revealed that both materials have tetragonal (chalcopyrite) crystal structure. Morphology of the obtained materials was revealed by using transmission electron microscopy. Agglomerated spherical CuInS2 nanoparticles with broad size distribution in the range from 2 to 20 nm were obtained. In the case of CuInSe2, isolated particles with spherical or prismatic shape in the size range from 10 to 25 nm were obtained, as well as agglomerates consisting of much smaller particles with diameter of about 2-5 nm. The particles with the smallest diameters of both materials exhibit quantum size effect

Photocatalytic properties of polyaniline/TiO2 nanocomposite

Polyaniline/TiO2 (PANI/TiO2) nanocomposite was synthesized by the oxidative polymerization of aniline with ammonium peroxydisulfate (APS) in water, in the presence of colloidal TiO2 nanoparticles of an average diameter ~5 nm. The resulting PANI/TiO2 composite powder was used for photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue (MB). Its photocatalytic activity has been compared with activity of neat colloidal TiO2 nanoparticles

Potential use of slag generated from lignite combustion in hitting plants

This paper presents the examination of potential application of slag, obtained from lignite combustion process in heating plant in Valjevo, Serbia, as a replacement for cement in mortars and concrete production. Waste slag was characterized with X-Ray Diffraction Analysis, Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy and Gamma spectrometric analysis, while its application possibility was investigated with testing Pozzolan activity Strength activity index, Activity index and Water requirement. The aim of this study is to determine under what conditions the slag could successfully replace cement in construction industry in certain percentages. Based on presented results it was concluded that, after mixing with silicate fume, waste slag can be used for the purpose mentioned. Optimal proportion of cement replacement is 20%-: 18% of slag and 2% of silica fume.the Conference is dedicated to the 30th Anniversary of the founding of the Society of Physical Chemists of Serbia and 100th Anniversary of Bray-Liebhafsky reactio

Measles situation in Serbia in an era of measles elimination (2007-2009)

Following the introduction of measles immunization in Serbia in 1971, measles outbreaks were recorded every 3 to 5 years until 1997. The outbreak in 1997 with 4000 cases was the last large outbreak in Serbia. In 2007, an outbreak with 191 laboratory confirmed or epidemiologically linked cases was reported in Vojvodina. In 2008 and 2009, only 3 cases were confirmed. From 2007-2009, measles infections were most frequently detected in the Roma population but also in non-immunized or partially immunized persons from the general population