Complexity Factor For Anisotropic Source in Non-minimal Coupling Metric f(R)f(R) Gravity

In this outline we recognize the idea of complexity factor for static anisotropic self-gravitating source with generalized $f(R)$ metric gravity theory. In present consideration, we express the Einstein field equations, hydrostatic equilibrium equation, the mass function and physical behavior of $f(R)$ model by using some observational data of well known compact stars like $4U~1820-30, SAX~J1808.4-3658$ and $Her~X-1$. We define the scalar functions through the orthogonal splitting of the Reimann-Christofell tensor and then find the vanishing complexity condition for self-gravitating system with the help of these scalars. It has been found that the vanishing condition for the complexity are pressure anisotropy and energy density inhomogeneity must cancel each other. Moreover, we study the momentous results of an astral object for the vanishing of complexity factor. Finally, these solutions reduced to previous investigation about complexity factor in General Relativity by taking $\lambda=0$.Comment: 20 pages, 5 Figures, 1 Table, Accepted for Publication in Eur. Physical Journal

Comment on "Large Difference in the Elastic Properties of fcc and hcp Hard-Sphere Crystals"

As is well known, hard-sphere crystals of the fcc and hcp type differ very little in their thermodynamic properties. Nonetheless, recent computer simulations by Pronk and Frenkel indicate that the elastic response to mechanical deformation of the two types of crystal should be quite different. By invoking a geometrical argument put forward by R. Martin some time ago, we suggest that this is largely due to the different symmetries of the fcc and hcp crystal structures. Indeed, we find that elastic constants obtained by means of computer simulations for the fcc hard-sphere crystal can be mapped onto the equivalent ones of the hcp crystal to very high accuracy. The same procedure applied to density functional theoretical predictions for the elastic properties of the fcc hard-sphere crystal also produces remarkably accurate predictions for those of the hcp hard-sphere crystal.Comment: 7 pages, 5 figure

A systematic review of the outcome data supporting the Healthy Living Pharmacy concept and lessons from its implementation

Background The Healthy Living Pharmacy (HLP) project, launched in England, UK in 2009 was a novel approach of introducing public health services within community pharmacy to tackle local health inequalities. A national roll-out followed a reported successful pilot; subsequent local evaluations ensued. Objectives To summarise reported outcomes and investigate contextual factors that indicate the presence, absence and maturity of implementation determinants, thus offering useful lessons to stakeholders in implementing future initiatives to achieve successful outcomes. Methods A systematic review was conducted to identify all publications reporting on the HLP project. All HLP articles and conference abstracts were considered for inclusion and were assessed for methodological quality. The Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) was utilised to identify potential implementation determinants reported. Each article was then analysed to identify reported economic, humanistic or clinical outcomes. Results The review included six peer-reviewed journal articles and 12 conference abstracts. Joanna Briggs Institute Qualitative Assessment and Review Instrument indicated deficiencies in methodological quality. Through adoption of the CFIR framework, the implementation determinants relevant to the implementation of HLP into community pharmacy were identified. A resonating issue emerged in that the absence of adopting an evidence-based implementation process limited the ability to capture meaningful outcome data. This resulted in a lack of evidence to support sustainability and the failure to address many of the well cited barriers, e.g. lack of awareness amongst patients, public and other healthcare professionals, and weak support for future investment in resource for training and dissemination. Conclusions Healthcare systems are increasingly called on to adopt evidence-based interventions that improve quality, control costs, and maximize value, thus offering opportunity to accelerate the implementation of clinical pharmacy services and programs aimed at improving patient care. Interventions, such as the HLP project require focused efforts on implementation and evaluation of those implementation efforts to produce effective and lasting changes in complex health care systems

Dissipative Viscous Cylindrical Collapse in f(R)f(R) Gravity With Full Causal Approach

The plan of this study is to inspect the effects of dynamics of dissipative gravitational collapse in cylindrical symmetric non-static spacetime by using Misner-Sharp concept in context of metric $f(R)$ theory of gravity. For more generic isotropic fluid distribution of cylindrical object by dissipative nature of dark source of the fluid due to energy matter tensor,the Misner-Sharp approach technique has been used to illustrate the heat flux with free radiating out flow, bulk and shear viscosity. Furthermore, dynamical equation have been associated with full casual heat transportation equations in framework of $M\ddot{u}ller$-Israel-Stewart formalism. The present study explain the effects of thermodynamics viscid/heat radiating coupling factors on gravitational collapse in $M\ddot{u}ller$-Israel-Stewart notion and matches with the consequences of prior astrophysicists by excluding such coefficients and viscosity variables.Comment: 22 pages, No figure, submitted for publicatio

A cross-sectional investigation of a mobile health clinic run by undergraduate pharmacy students providing services to underserved communities

\ua9 The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2024. Background: Mobile health clinics have been used to provide healthcare to underserved communities, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. Student-led clinics, operated by undergraduate health students, offer valuable training while serving these populations. Aim: This cross-sectional study investigated the demographic characteristics and services provided by a mobile health clinic run by undergraduate pharmacy students, assessing its potential to reach underserved communities. Method: The mobile health clinic operated from October 2023 to April 2024, staffed by 36 fourth-year pharmacy students. Services included cardiovascular disease risk screening and lifestyle advice. Demographic and service data were collected using an electronic primary care system and analysed with descriptive statistics. Results: The clinic served 716 users, with a demographic breakdown of 53.2% female and 46.8% male, predominantly aged 31–60 years. Users were ethnically diverse. Services provided included blood pressure (91.3%), BMI (91.3%), and diabetes risk assessments (54.9%). Many users reported low risk for smoking and alcohol consumption, but varied levels of physical activity. Referrals were made for cardiovascular disease risk and lifestyle support. Conclusion: The mobile health clinic effectively reached a diverse, underserved population, providing essential health services and facilitating student training. Further research is needed to evaluate the long-term impact and cost-effectiveness of such clinics, and the follow-up care for referred patients

A qualitative study to explore student learning and development of interprofessional collaboration during an online interprofessional education intervention

\ua9 2023, The Author(s).Interprofessional education (IPE) during undergraduate education and training has been found to improve collaboration between health care students. This supports interprofessional working in clinical practice to enhance patient safety and care delivery. Undergraduate students from pharmacy and medical programmes worked online in pairs to review notes of hospital patients due to be discharged. Students were tasked to complete a discharge letter and undertake an online consultation with a simulated patient prior to discharge. Online interactions were recorded and assessed using a validated tool to measure interprofessional professionalism. Students undertook this intervention in different pairings with different patient cases for three iterations after receiving feedback and undertaking a reflective exercise. The aim was to investigate the student learning and development that could be used to inform intervention optimisation and scale-up. Qualitative data were collected from different sources. Method triangulation was employed to develop a comprehensive understanding of the student learning and development. Data was collected from written feedback provided by the assessment team, student reflections on their performance, and from semi-structured interviews conducted with the student pairs and one to one with the assessment team. Content and thematic analysis was used to analyse these data and the Kirkpatrick/Barr evaluation model provided a framework to organise the themes. Eighteen students (nine from each professional programme) completed the study and a total of 27 IPE sessions were conducted. The assessment team completed 54 assessment tools and 31 student reflections were received (from a maximum of 36). Students were interviewed in their interprofessional pairs to yield nine interview transcripts and one interview was conducted with the assessment team. Students reported and were observed to improve in interprofessional collaboration over the three iterations following feedback and rehearsal opportunities. Longitudinal observation and assessment of student interprofessional working in changing teams provided the opportunity to capture the influence of interdependence on student performance and assessment of competence

Association of Breakfast Intake with Obesity, Dietary and Physical Activity Behavior Among Urban School-Aged Adolescents in Delhi, India: Results of a Cross-Sectional Study

In developed countries, regular breakfast consumption is inversely associated with excess weight and directly associated with better dietary and improved physical activity behaviors. Our objective was to describe the frequency of breakfast consumption among school-going adolescents in Delhi and evaluate its association with overweight and obesity as well as other dietary, physical activity, and sedentary behaviors. Methods: Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Eight schools (Private and Government) of Delhi in the year 2006. Participants: 1814 students from 8th and 10th grades; response rate was 87.2%; 55% were 8th graders, 60% were boys and 52% attended Private schools. Main outcome measures: Body mass index, self-reported breakfast consumption, diet and physical activity related behaviors, and psychosocial factors. Data analysis: Mixed effects regression models were employed, adjusting for age, gender, grade level and school type (SES). Results: Significantly more Government school (lower SES) students consumed breakfast daily as compared to Private school (higher SES) students (73.8% vs. 66.3%; p<0.01). More 8th graders consumed breakfast daily vs. 10th graders (72.3% vs. 67.0%; p<0.05). A dose-response relationship was observed such that overall prevalence of overweight and obesity among adolescents who consumed breakfast daily (14.6%) was significantly lower vs. those who only sometimes (15.2%) or never (22.9%) consumed breakfast (p<0.05 for trend). This relationship was statistically significant for boys (15.4 % vs. 16.5% vs. 26.0; p<0.05 for trend) but not for girls. Intake of dairy products, fruits and vegetables was 5.5 (95% CI 2.4-12.5), 1.7 (95% CI 1.1-2.5) and 2.2 (95% CI 1.3-3.5) times higher among those who consumed breakfast daily vs. those who never consumed breakfast. Breakfast consumption was associated with greater physical activity vs. those who never consumed breakfast. Positive values and beliefs about healthy eating; body image satisfaction; and positive peer and parental influence were positively associated with daily breakfast consumption, while depression was negatively associated. Conclusion: Daily breakfast consumption is associated with less overweight and obesity and with healthier dietary-and physical activity-related behaviors among urban Indian students. Although prospective studies should confirm the present results, intervention programs to prevent or treat childhood obesity in India should consider emphasizing regular breakfast consumption.Obesity Prevention Center, University of MinnesotaPRIME program of the University of Texas, School of Public Health (Stigler, PI)Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Research in Underserved Population

Undergraduate pharmacy students\u27 perceptions and experiences of a student-led clinic providing preventative services

\ua9 2024 The Author(s). Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Royal Pharmaceutical Society.Objectives: Authentic work-based learning is crucial to facilitate the development and preparedness for training healthcare professionals. Such experiences are challenging to design and secure within the clinical environment. One School of Pharmacy established a student-led clinic to provide undergraduate pharmacy students the opportunity to practise physical assessment and communication skills with members of the public. The aim of this study was to explore students\u27 thoughts and perspectives on this experience. Methods: Undergraduate students were invited to participate in a semi-structured interview after their clinic experience. Transcriptions of the interviews were analysed by reflexive thematic analysis. Results: Twelve students agreed to an interview that took place between October and December 2022. Three themes were identified from the qualitative data which related to external factors that influenced student experience of the clinic, for example, organizational issues and impact of the physical environment; interactions within the clinic environment; and internalized learning for example, professional growth and development, and the appreciating the learning opportunity. Conclusions: In the current climate, where securing valuable work-based learning opportunity is challenging, student-led clinics offer an environment that is well-received by students and appears to facilitate student professional development. Student clinics are receiving more attention and investment across undergraduate healthcare programmes around the world given advantages such as these. However, they need to be well integrated and structured into the existing training and education and students need appropriate induction to prepare them for the experience and manage expectations