Prevalence of nasal septum injury in premature infants using nasal prongs

The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and factors associated with nasal septum injury in preterm infants in the use of noninvasive ventilation. A cross-sectional study with data collection between March and July 2012 and with search for records, interviews with mothers and nasal evaluation of 47 premature in the neonatal unit of a teaching hospital in Recife, Pernambuco, northeastern Brazil. A descriptive bivariate statistical analysis was performed through the chi-square test or Fisher exact test using the SPSS software. The prevalence of nasal lesions was 68.1%, associated with low birth weight and duration of treatment. The prevalence of nasal injury in this population is high and associated with low birth weight and length of stay in noninvasive ventilation. Due to these facts the necessity for preventive actions was noticed, such as continuous care in nursing, suitability of devices and permanent education in service.Investigar la prevalencia y factores asociados con la lesión del tabique nasal en bebés prematuros en uso de la ventilación no invasiva. Estudio de corte transversal, los datos se obtuvieron de los registros médicos, entrevistas con las madres y 47 de evaluación prematura de nasal entre marzo y julio de 2012, en la unidad neonatal de un hospital universitario de Recife, Pernambuco, Noreste de Brasil. El análisis se realizó mediante estadística descriptiva y bivariado mediante la prueba de chi-cuadrado o la prueba exacta de Fisher, utilizando el software SPSS. La prevalencia de lesiones nasales fue 68,1%, bajo peso al nacer y la duración del tratamiento se asoció con una lesión nasal. La prevalencia de lesión nasal en esta población es alta y se asocia con bajo peso al nacer y la duración de la estancia en la ventilación no invasiva. Esto infiere la necesidad de medidas preventivas, como la atención de enfermería, un ajuste continuo de los dispositivos de servicio y educación continua.O objetivo do estudo foi investigar a prevalência e os fatores associados à lesão do septo nasal em prematuros sob uso de ventilação não invasiva. Estudo transversal, cujos dados foram coletados entre março e julho de 2012 por meio de busca em prontuários, entrevistas às mães e avaliação nasal de 47 prematuros, na Unidade Neonatal de um Hospital Universitário da cidade do Recife, Pernambuco, região nordeste do Brasil. Realizou-se análise estatística descritiva e bivariada por meio do teste qui-quadrado ou Exato de Fisher, utilizando o software SPSS. A prevalência de lesão nasal foi de 68,1%, associada ao baixo peso ao nascer e à duração do tratamento. A prevalência de lesão nasal na população estudada é elevada e associa-se ao baixo peso ao nascer e ao tempo de permanência em ventilação não invasiva. Infere-se a necessidade de ações preventivas, como cuidados de Enfermagem contínuos, adequação dos dispositivos e educação permanente em serviço

Nasal septum injury in preterm infants using nasal prongs

OBJETIVO: evaluar la incidencia y los factores de riesgo asociados a la lesión de tabique nasal en prematuros utilizando prongs nasales reutilizadas y novas. MÉTODO: el estudio fue un cohorte de intervención terapéutica abierta. La muestra incluyó 70 neonatos con edad gestacional inferior a 37 semanas, utilizando prongs nasales internados en la unidad neonatal de un hospital de Recife-PE, Nordeste de Brasil. Los datos fueron recolectados en archivos, mediante la evaluación de la aplicación del dispositivo y del tabique nasal. Fue aplicado análisis de Regresión Logística Multinomial y de Sobrevida. RESULTADOS: la incidencia de lesión nasal fue 62,9%. En el análisis múltiplo, solamente el tiempo de permanencia del neonato en la terapéutica fue factor determinante para la ocurrencia y severidad de las lesiones. CONCLUSIÓN: el tipo de prong nasal no constituye factor de riesgo para la lesión nasal. La alta incidencia de lesión nasal indica la necesidad de adecuación de los cuidados de enfermería, enfatizando la prevención.OBJECTIVE: to assess the incidence and risk factors associated with nasal septum injury in premature infants using reused and new nasal prongs. METHOD: the study was a cohort from an open therapeutic intervention. The sample included 70 infants with a gestational age inferior to 37 weeks, who used nasal prongs and were hospitalized at the neonatal service of a hospital in Recife-PE, in the Northeast of Brazil. The data were collected in patient files through the assessment of the application of the device and of the nasal septum. Multinomial Logistic Regression and Survival analyses were applied. RESULTS: the incidence of nasal injury corresponded to 62.9%. In the multiple analysis, only the length of the infant's treatment was a determinant factor for the occurrence and severity of the injuries. CONCLUSION: the type of nasal prong does not serve as a risk factor for the nasal injury. The high incidence of nasal injury indicates the need to adapt the nursing care with emphasis on prevention.OBJETIVO: avaliar a incidência e os fatores de risco associados à lesão de septo nasal em prematuros utilizando prongas nasais reutilizadas e novas. MÉTODO: o estudo foi de coorte de intervenção terapêutica aberta. A amostra incluiu 70 neonatos com idade gestacional abaixo de 37 semanas, utilizando prongas nasais, internados na unidade neonatal de um hospital do Recife, Pernambuco, Nordeste do Brasil. Os dados foram coletados em prontuários, pela avaliação da aplicação do dispositivo e do septo nasal. Foi realizada análise de Regressão Logística Multinomial e de Sobrevida. RESULTADOS: a incidência de lesão nasal foi de 62,9%. Na análise múltipla, apenas o tempo de permanência do neonato na terapêutica foi fator determinante para a ocorrência e severidade das lesões. CONCLUSÃO: o tipo de pronga nasal não constitui fator de risco para a lesão nasal. A alta incidência de lesão nasal indica a necessidade de adequação dos cuidados de enfermagem enfatizando a prevenção

Nasal septum injury in preterm infants using nasal prongs

OBJECTIVE: to assess the incidence and risk factors associated with nasal septum injury in premature infants using reused and new nasal prongs.METHOD: the study was a cohort from an open therapeutic intervention. The sample included 70 infants with a gestational age inferior to 37 weeks, who used nasal prongs and were hospitalized at the neonatal service of a hospital in Recife-PE, in the Northeast of Brazil. The data were collected in patient files through the assessment of the application of the device and of the nasal septum. Multinomial Logistic Regression and Survival analyses were applied.RESULTS: the incidence of nasal injury corresponded to 62.9%. In the multiple analysis, only the length of the infant's treatment was a determinant factor for the occurrence and severity of the injuries.CONCLUSION: the type of nasal prong does not serve as a risk factor for the nasal injury. The high incidence of nasal injury indicates the need to adapt the nursing care with emphasis on prevention

Determinantes de la mortalidad neonatal en el municipio de la Zona da Mata Pernambucana

Objetivo: Analizar los determinantes asociados a la mortalidad neonatal en un municipio de la Zona da Mata de Pernambuco. Método: Estudio transversal y analitico, realizado en Vitoria de Santo Antao, Pernambuco. Todas las muertes infantiles reportadas por el municipio en el Sistema de Informacion de Mortalidad entre 2011 y 2018 fueron analizadas. Los datos fueron categorizados y organizados en tres dimensiones para ser sometidos a estadistica descriptiva, bivariada y regresion de Poisson con varianza robusta. Razones de prevalencia fueron estimadas, considerando como significativas las variables con p <0.05. Resultados: Los determinantes asociados a la muerte neonatal fueron: parto por cesarea (RP 0,83; IC 95% 0,75-0,92), nacimiento en la propia ciudad (RP 1,12; IC 95% 1,01-1,25), raza/color del recien nacido parda y negra. (RP 1,13; IC del 95% 1,00-1,29), prematuridad (RP 1,88; IC del 95% 1,79-1,97) y puntuacion de Apgar <7 en el quinto minuto (RP 1,74; IC del 95% 1,67-1,82). Conclusión: Caracteristicas biologicas como raza/color parda y negra, prematuridad y puntaje de Apgar <7 en el 5o minuto posparto, asi como el acceso a servicios de salud, como nacer en el propio municipio y no nacer por cesarea fueron determinantes asociados con la mortalidad neonatal.Objective: To analyze the determinants associated with neonatal mortality in a municipality in the Zona da Mata of Pernambuco state. Method: Cross-sectional and analytical study, carried out in the city of Vitória de Santo Antão, Pernambuco. All child deaths reported by the municipality to the Brazilian Mortality Information System between 2011 and 2018 were analyzed. Data were categorized and organized in three dimensions to be subjected to descriptive, bivariate statistics and hierarchical Poisson regression with robust variance. Prevalence ratios were estimated, considering variables with p <0.05 as significant. Results: The determinants associated with neonatal death were: caesarean delivery (PR 0.83; 95% CI 0.75-0.92), birth in the city itself (PR 1.12; 95% CI 1.01-1.25), newborn brown and black race/skin color (PR 1.13; 95% CI 1.001.29), prematurity (PR 1.88; 95% CI 1.79-1.97), and Apgar score <7 in the fifth minute (PR 1.74; 95% CI 1.67-1.82). Conclusion: Biological characteristics such as brown and black race/skin color, prematurity, and Apgar score <7 in the 5th minute after birth, as well as access to health services, such as being born in the municipality itself and not being born by caesarean delivery, were determinants associated with neonatal mortality.Objetivo: Analisar os determinantes associados a mortalidade neonatal em um município da Zona da Mata pernambucana. Método: Estudo transversal e analítico, realizado em Vitoria de Santo Antão, Pernambuco. Foram analisados todos os óbitos infantis notificados pelo município no Sistema de Informação sobre Mortalidade entre os anos de 2011 a 2018. Os dados foram categorizados e organizados em três dimensões para serem submetidos a estatística descritiva, bivariada e regressão de Poisson hierarquizada com variância robusta. Foram estimadas as razoes de prevalência, considerando-se como significantes variáveis com p<0,05. Resultados: Os determinantes associados ao óbito neonatal foram: parto cesáreo (RP 0,83; IC95% 0,75-0,92), nascimento no próprio município (RP 1,12; IC95%1,01-1,25), raça/cor do recém-nascido parda e preta (RP 1,13; IC95%1,00-1,29), prematuridade (RP 1,88; IC95% 1,79-1,97) e Escore de Apgar < 7 no quinto minuto (RP 1,74; IC95%1,67-1,82). Conclusão: Características biológicas como raça/cor parda e preta, prematuridade e Escore de Apgar < 7 no 5º minuto após o nascimento, bem como o acesso aos serviços de saúde, como nascer no próprio município e não nascer de parto cesáreo, foram determinantes associados a mortalidade neonatal

Brazilian Flora 2020: Leveraging the power of a collaborative scientific network

International audienceThe shortage of reliable primary taxonomic data limits the description of biological taxa and the understanding of biodiversity patterns and processes, complicating biogeographical, ecological, and evolutionary studies. This deficit creates a significant taxonomic impediment to biodiversity research and conservation planning. The taxonomic impediment and the biodiversity crisis are widely recognized, highlighting the urgent need for reliable taxonomic data. Over the past decade, numerous countries worldwide have devoted considerable effort to Target 1 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (GSPC), which called for the preparation of a working list of all known plant species by 2010 and an online world Flora by 2020. Brazil is a megadiverse country, home to more of the world's known plant species than any other country. Despite that, Flora Brasiliensis, concluded in 1906, was the last comprehensive treatment of the Brazilian flora. The lack of accurate estimates of the number of species of algae, fungi, and plants occurring in Brazil contributes to the prevailing taxonomic impediment and delays progress towards the GSPC targets. Over the past 12 years, a legion of taxonomists motivated to meet Target 1 of the GSPC, worked together to gather and integrate knowledge on the algal, plant, and fungal diversity of Brazil. Overall, a team of about 980 taxonomists joined efforts in a highly collaborative project that used cybertaxonomy to prepare an updated Flora of Brazil, showing the power of scientific collaboration to reach ambitious goals. This paper presents an overview of the Brazilian Flora 2020 and provides taxonomic and spatial updates on the algae, fungi, and plants found in one of the world's most biodiverse countries. We further identify collection gaps and summarize future goals that extend beyond 2020. Our results show that Brazil is home to 46,975 native species of algae, fungi, and plants, of which 19,669 are endemic to the country. The data compiled to date suggests that the Atlantic Rainforest might be the most diverse Brazilian domain for all plant groups except gymnosperms, which are most diverse in the Amazon. However, scientific knowledge of Brazilian diversity is still unequally distributed, with the Atlantic Rainforest and the Cerrado being the most intensively sampled and studied biomes in the country. In times of “scientific reductionism”, with botanical and mycological sciences suffering pervasive depreciation in recent decades, the first online Flora of Brazil 2020 significantly enhanced the quality and quantity of taxonomic data available for algae, fungi, and plants from Brazil. This project also made all the information freely available online, providing a firm foundation for future research and for the management, conservation, and sustainable use of the Brazilian funga and flora