A Novel Approach for Management Zone Delineation by Classifying Spatial Multivariate Data and Analyzing Maps of Crop Yield

Precision farming has been playing a distinguished role over last few years. It encompasses the techniques of Data Mining and Information Technology into agricultural process. The acute task in classic agriculture is fertilization, which makes minerals available for crops. Site specific methods result in imbalanced management within fields which affects the crop yield. Treating the whole field as uniform area is merely heedless as it forces the farmers to use costly resources like fertilizers, pesticides etc., at greater expenses. As the field is heterogeneous, the critical task is to identify which part of the field should be considered and the percentage of fertilizer or pesticide required. In order to increase the yield productivity, concept of Management Zone Delineation (MZD) has to be adopted, which divides the agricultural field into homogeneous subfields, or zones based on the soil parameters. Precision Agriculture focuses on the utilization of Management zones (MZs). In this paper, we have collected huge data of Davanagere agricultural jurisdiction during standard farming operations which reflects the heterogeneity of agricultural field. We base our work on a new Data Mining technique called Kriging, which interpolates soil sample values for the specific region, which in turn helps in converting heterogeneous zones to homogeneous subfields

Evaluation of dentifrices of complementary and alternative medicinal systems on plaque formation and gingivitis : a randomized controlled clinical trial

Bio-film formation is a natural process in the oral environment, but needs to be controlled through regular brushing in order to prevent the development of caries and periodontal diseases. A wide variety of dentifrices of complementary and alternative medicinal systems are available in the market which claims superior plaque control. A randomized controlled double-blinded concurrent parallel clinical trial was conducted with the objective to evaluate and compare the clinical effectiveness of three commercially available dentifrices of complementary and alternative medicine systems with that of a placebo dentifrice on Gingival Index (GI) and Plaque Index (PI) scores after 15, 30, 45 and 60 days of usage among 80 adults aged 35-44 years. The mean GI scores reduced by 29.19 %, 22.28 %, 32.43 % and 10.33 % in the herbal dentifrice, homeopathic dentifrice, conventional dentifrice, and placebo dentifrice groups by the end of the study period. Highest reduction of 33.5% and 34.87 % in PI scores were seen in the herbal and conventional dentifrice. This reduction was statistically significant (p=0.001). The herbal dentifrice tested in the present study has demonstrated anti-gingivitis and anti-plaque efficiency equivocal to the conventional dentifrice. The homeopathic dentifrice was as good as a placebo

Comparative docking studies of Estrogen Receptor inhibitors and their binding interaction analysis

Comparative docking studies have been performed on 10 drug molecules, which play a vital role in the treatment of breast cancer. These 10 drug molecules have the same target called Estrogen Receptor which acts as a DNA-binding transcription factor that regulates gene expression. The glide scores of these 10 drugs were compared to each other using the module Glide which is a part of the Schrödinger software, which provided a better understanding of the binding interactions of the ten drug molecules. Among the 10 drugs taken, toremifene had the lowest glide score, i.e. -9.82, which shows that it had better binding interaction with the protein

Electrochemical sensor of carboxymethyl cellulose and photocatalytic degradation of Navy Blue dye by sonochemically synthesized Titanium oxide nanoparticles

Nanocrystalline titanium oxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) were synthesized by using a low-cost sonochemical method. TiO2 NPs exhibited anatase phase and an average crystallite size of 40.64 ​nm, according to a powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) investigation. SEM and TEM images revealed spherical shape, with asymmetric geometries for TiO2 NPs. The micrographs thoroughly corroborated the plate-like structure for the NPs. In order to confirm the average energy gap of TiO2 NPs, diffused reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) via Kubelka-Monk function was applied (3.66 ​eV). Navy blue dye was used to study the photocatalytic properties of NPs and discovered to be triggered at 590.9 ​nm. The photodegradation rate of NB dye decolorized up to 74.04% after 120 ​min of UV light exposure. The first order kinetics was indicated by a linear relationship between log C/Co and k. The demonstrated rates of photodecoloration for NB under UV light in the presence of scavengers AgNO3, ethanol, and ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA), were found to be 65.50%, 61.46%, and 57.33%, respectively. Using the carbon paste electrodes and cyclic voltammetry (CV) in 0.1 ​N HCl solution, the electrochemical characteristics of the obtained sample were studied. The carboxymethyl cellulose sensor made from TiO2 NPs demonstrated a remarkable sensitivity of 0.08 A. The results showed a high recovery for lead with low% of RSD values. The TiO2 electrode is a promising electrode material for sensing applications due to its outstanding electrochemical performance

Synthesis of strontium oxide nanoparticlesby probe sonication method: Its photocatalytic activity and electrochemical sensor studies

In this paper, we report on the synthesis of strontium oxide nanoparticles (SONPs) using a novel probe sonication method. Powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) was used to characterize the physicochemical properties of the prepared materials, which confirmed that the average SrO crystallite size was 43 ​nm. The Kubelka-Monk function of diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) was used to confirm the average energy gap of SONPs (4.06 ​eV). SONPs have been successfully used in conjunction with inventive photocatalysts to remove dyes such as Methylene Blue (MB) and Acid Green (AG). MBand AG dyes were used as standard dyes to investigate the photocatalytic properties of NPs when exposed to UV light and sunlight.These nanometal oxides photodegrade methylene blue (87.70%) and acid green (71.20%) dyes with remarkable efficiency when exposed to UV light. These nanometal oxides demonstrated superior sensitivity when paracetamol was used as an analyte in cyclic voltammetry tests at various scan speeds (10 ​mV/s to 50 ​mV/s). As a result, SONPs may be useful in photocatalytic activity and electrochemical sensor applications

Multifunctional La10Si6O27:Tb3+ tailored material for photoluminescence, photocatalysis and electrochemical sensing applications

La10Si6O27: Tb3+ (1–9 mol%) materials were synthesized by the combustion method and characterized by PXRD, PL, CV, EIS and UV–Vis spectroscopy to explore its photoluminescent, electrochemical and photocatalytic properties. These materials exhibited crystalline and single phases even after doping Tb3+ ions into the lattice of La10Si6O27. PL analysis confirms a tunable and maximum emission for optimized concentration. Electrochemical analysis shows La10Si6O27:Tb3+ (9 mol%) electrode as a paracetamol and penegra sensing material. The average specific capacitance of this electrode at 10 mVs−1 was found to be 262 Fg−1. A Photocatalysis study was performed using La10Si6O27:Tb3+ (5 mol%) material as a photocatalyst for the degradation of direct green dyes. Therefore, La10Si6O27:Tb3+ can be used as a multifunctional material for photoluminescence, photocatalysis, and electrochemical sensing applications