CO2 laser and/or fluoride enamel treatment against in situ/ex vivo erosive challenge

Objective This in situ/ex vivo study investigated the effect of CO2 laser irradiation and acidulated phosphate fluoride gel (APF) application, separately and in combination, on enamel resistance to erosion. Material and Methods During 2 experimental 5-day crossover phases, 8 volunteers wore intraoral appliances containing bovine enamel blocks which were submitted to four groups: 1st phase - control, untreated and CO2 laser irradiation, 2nd phase - fluoride application and fluoride application before CO2 laser irradiation. Laser irradiation was performed at 10.6 µm wavelength, 5 µs pulse duration and 50 Hz frequency, with average power input and output of 2.3 W and 2.0 W, respectively (28.6 J/cm2). APF gel (1.23%F, pH 3.5) was applied on enamel surface with a microbrush and left on for 4 minutes. Then, the enamel blocks were fixed at the intraoral appliance level. The erosion was performed extraorally 4 times daily for 5 min in 150 mL of cola drink. Enamel loss was measured profilometrically after treatment and after the in situ phase. The data were tested using one-way Repeated Measures Anova and Tukey's test (

Effect of titanium tetrafluoride and amine fluoride treatment combined with carbon dioxide laser irradiation on enamel and dentin erosion

OBJECTIVE: This in vitro study aimed to analyze the influence of carbon dioxide (CO(2)) laser irradiation on the efficacy of titanium tetrafluoride (TiF(4)) and amine fluoride (AmF) in protecting enamel and dentin against erosion. METHODS: Bovine enamel and dentin samples were pretreated with carbon dioxide (CO(2)) laser irradiation only (group I), TiF(4) only (1% F, group II), CO(2) laser irradiation before (group III) or through (group IV) TiF(4) application, AmF only (1% F, group V), or CO(2) laser irradiation before (group VI) or through (group VII) AmF application. Controls remained untreated. Ten samples of each group were then subjected to an erosive demineralization and remineralization cycling for 5 days. Enamel and dentin loss were measured profilometrically after pretreatment, 4 cycles (1 day), and 20 cycles (5 days) and statistically analyzed using analysis of variance and Scheffe's post hoc tests. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis was performed in pretreated but not cycled samples (two samples each group). RESULTS: After 20 cycles, there was significantly less enamel loss in groups V and IV and significantly less dentin loss in group V only. All other groups were not significantly different from the controls. Lased surfaces (group I) appeared unchanged in the SEM images, although SEM images of enamel but not of dentin showed that CO(2) laser irradiation affected the formation of fluoride precipitates. CONCLUSION: AmF decreased enamel and dentin erosion, but CO(2) laser irradiation did not improve its efficacy. TiF(4) showed only a limited capacity to prevent erosion, but CO(2) laser irradiation significantly enhanced its ability to reduce enamel erosion

Evaluation of enamel mineral loss around cavities prepared by ER,CR:YSGG laser and restored with different materials after an acid challenge

O objetivo deste estudo in vitro foi avaliar a perda mineral no esmalte adjacente a cavidades preparadas com laser de Er,Cr:YSGG e restauradas com diferentes materiais, liberadores ou não de flúor, após desafio ácido. Cento e vinte blocos de esmalte dental de terceiros molares humanos (4 x4 mm) foram aleatoriamente divididas em 12 grupos (n=10) de acordo com a técnica de preparo: G1- alta-rotação (AR); G2- Laser de Er,Cr:YSGG (3W, 20Hz, 53,05 J/cm2)(65% ar, 55% água); G3- Laser de Er,Cr:YSGG (4 W, 20 Hz, 70,74 J/cm2); G4- Laser de Er,Cr:YSGG (5 W, 20 Hz, 88,43 J/cm2). Cada grupo experimental foi dividido em subgrupos, conforme o material restaurador utilizado: 1- cimento de ionômero de vidro (CIV), 2- cimento de ionômero de vidro resino modificado (CIVRM), 3- sistema adesivo e resina composta (RC). As amostras foram submetidas a desafio ácido (pH 4,8) por 7 dias. As concentrações do íon cálcio nas soluções desmineralizadoras (ppm/mm2), nos diferentes tempos (1, 3 e 7 dias), foram analisadas por espectrofotometria de emissão atômica. Os dados obtidos foram analisados usando os testes estatísticos ANOVA e LSD (?=5%) mostrando haver diferenças significativas entre Técnica e Material Restaurador no tempo total. Os menores valores médios da perda de cálcio foram obtidos nos grupos G2 + CIV, G2 + CIVRM e G1 + CIVRM; os maiores valores foram observados nos grupos de G1 + RC, G4 + CIV e G4 + RC. As restaurações de RC apresentaram maior perda mineral que as de CIV e CIVRM; os preparos com laser utilizando menor radiância (53,05J/cm2) apresentaram significante menor desmineralização que as maiores radiâncias (70,74 e 88,43J/cm2). Nenhuma técnica ou material impediu a desmineralização do esmalte. Os resultados deste estudo in vitro sugerem que a realização de preparos cavitários com laser de Er,Cr:YSGG (53,05J/cm2) restaurados com CIV e CIVRM ou alta-rotação e CIVRM foram efetivos na redução da perda mineral e aumento da resistência ácida do esmalte adjacente as restaurações após desafio ácido, com importante potencial em prevenir lesões de cárie secundária.The aim of this study was to evaluate the enamel calcium loss around cavities prepared by Er,Cr:YSGG laser and restored with different materials after an acid challenge. One hundred and twenty enamel samples obtained from third molars (4 x 4 mm) were randomly divided in 12 groups (n=10) using different techniques: G1- high-speed drill (HD); G2- Er,Cr:YSGG laser (3W, 20Hz, 53.05 J/cm2)(air 65% - water 55%); G3- Er,Cr:YSGG laser (4 W, 20 Hz, 70.74 J/cm2); G4- Er,Cr:YSGG laser (5 W, 20 Hz, 88.43 J/cm2). Each experimental group was divided in subgroups, according to the restorative material: 1 - glass ionomer cement (GIC), 2 - resin modified GIC (RMGIC), 3 - adhesive system and composite resin (C). Samples were submitted to an acid challenge (4.8 pH) for 7 days. The Demineralizing solutions were analyzed in relation to the calcium ion contend (ppm/mm2), in different times (1, 3 and 7 days), under atomic emission spectrometry. ANOVA and LSD tests were performed (?=5%). There were significant difference between Technique and Restorative Material on Total Time. The lower average values of calcium loss were observed on G2 + GIC, G2 + RMGIC, G1 + RMGIC groups; the higher values were observed on G1 + C, G4 +GIC, G4 + C. The composite resin showed higher calcium loss than RMGIC and GIC. The lased cavities using lower fluence (53.05J/cm2) showed significant reduced demineralization than higher fluences (70.74 and 88.43J/cm2). Neither the techniques nor the restorative materials used were able to prevent the enamel demineralization. The findings of this in vitro study suggest that the Er,Cr:YSGG lased cavities (53.05J/cm2) restored with GIC or RMGIC or conventional drill cavities with RMGIC were effective on reducing the mineral loss and enhancing the enamel acid resistant around restorations after the acid challenge, showing an important potential in preventing secondary caries

Comparison of the Effects of High-Power Diode Laser and Electrocautery for Lingual Frenectomy in Infants: A Blinded Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial.

peer reviewedThe aim of the study was to evaluate the release of the lingual frenulum through frenectomy in newborns zero to 90 days of age who breastfed and had diagnosis of ankyloglossia with an indication for surgery, comparing two methods: electrocautery and a high-power diode laser. Fifty-seven patients were randomly allocated to two groups (23 submitted to electrocautery and 34 submitted to a high power diode laser). Tongue movements were evaluated based on a clinical assessment and using the Bristol Tongue Assessment Tool (BTAT) before and 15 days after the surgical procedures. The visual analog scale was administered to the mothers on the same occasions for the measurement of pain during breastfeeding. Both groups had an increased BTAT score (favorable outcome) at the post-surgical evaluation, but the anterior third of the tongue was not always free to enable the movements necessary for lingual functions. It is fundamental for surgeons to have skill and in-depth knowledge of the equipment used to avoid accidents and complications in the region of important structures. Both techniques employed in this study were safe and effective, causing little bleeding and few postoperative complications. The group submitted to a high-power diode laser exhibited less post-surgical bleeding compared to the group submitted to electrocautery and no inflammation at the edges of the surgical cut.3. Good health and well-bein

Analysis of laser therapy effects in Sporothrix schenckii inactivation in vivo

Abstract Introduction Sporotrichosis is a common disease in tropical regions, caused by the fungus Sporothrix schenckii, affecting mainly rural workers and in direct contact with animals. Although treatment by indiscriminate use of oral antifungal drugs gives rise resistant isolates, leading to therapeutic failures and no remission of the disease. To evaluate the effectiveness of red low-power laser photobiomodulation in inactivation of S. schenckii infection induced in rodents. Methods Subcutaneously inoculation (2x103 S. schenckii/ml, 0.2 ml suspension) in the left footpad, in 27 mice divided into: control (n = 6, inoculated, without irradiation): early stage (not inoculated) = 1th biopsy; intermediate (9 weeks of evolution) = 2nd biopsy; final (21 weeks of evolution) = 3th biopsy. Treated (n = 21, inoculated and irradiated): early (13 weeks of evolution, 4 weeks after first irradiation) = 4th biopsy, intermediate (17 weeks of evolution, 8 weeks after first irradiation) = 5th biopsy, final (21 weeks of evolution, 12 weeks after first irradiation) = 6th biopsy. Serial irradiation with biopsies occurred every 30 days during each month, for three months. At the end of testing, the mice were euthanized, and histological analyzes of biopsies were performed. Results Each laser treatment session showed an inactivation of S. schenckii in treated animals compared to controls, with a regression of pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia, chronic inflammation, neutrophils, granulomas, giant mononuclear cells and steroid corpuscles. Conclusion The laser photobiomodulation was effective on S. schenckii inactivation, appearing to be an interesting therapeutic option in infections caused by this organism

Effect of different light-curing techniques on hardness of a microhybrid dental composite resin

Objective: This study assessed the Vickers hardness (VHN) provided by two LCUs when using (1) direct and indirect light-curing techniques, (2) 40 and 60 s and (3) top and bottom surfaces. Material & Methods: One halogen Curing Light 2500 (3M Espe) and one LED (MM Optics) were used by direct and indirect (0, 1.0, 2.0 and 3.0 mm of dental structure) techniques during 40 and 60 s. The samples were made with FiltekTM Z250 in a metallic mould with a central orifice (4 mm in diameter, 2 mm in thickness). The samples were stored in dry mean by ± 24 h and the hardness measurements were performed in a testing machine (Buehler MMT-3 digital microhardness tester Lake Bluff, Illinois USA). A 50 gf load was used and the indenter with a dwell time of 30 s. The data were submitted to multiple ANOVA and Newman-Keuls‘s test (p < 0.05). Results: Halogen LCU exhibited higher Vickers hardness values than LED mainly because of the power density used. Hardness values were influenced by LCUs, lightcuring techniques, irradiation times and surfaces. For both LCUs, hardness values were found to decrease with indirect light-curing technique, mainly for the bottom surface. Samples irradiated for 60 s exhibited higher hardness values when the halogen LCU was used. For 60 s, the VHN values were statistically significant greater than 40 s. Significant differences in top and bottom surfaces Vickers hardness number (VHN) values were observed among different LCUs used 40 and 60 s. Conclusion: The LCUs, lightcuring techniques, variations of irradiation times, and surfaces (top and bottom) influence the composite resin hardness.Objetivo: Este estudo avaliou a dureza Vickers (VHN) em função de duas fontes de luz quando utilizadas diferentes (1) técnicas de fotoativação, direta e indireta, (2) 40 e 60 s, e (3) superfícies de topo e base. Material e Métodos: Uma fonte de luz halógena Curing Light 2500 (3M Espe) e um LED (MM Optics) foram utilizados nas técnicas de fotoativação direta e indireta (0 , 1,0, 2,0 e 3,0 milímetros de estrutura dental), durante 40 e 60 s. As amostras foram feitas utilizando-se FiltekTM Z250 em matriz metálica com orifício central (4 mm de diâmetro, com 2 mm de espessura). As amostras foram armazenadas em meio seco por ± 24 h e as medidas de dureza foram realizadas em microdurômetro (Buehler MMT-3 digital microhardness tester Lake Bluff, Illinois USA). Uma carga de 50 gf durante 30 s foi utilizada. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância múltipla e teste de Newman-Keuls (p < 0,05). Resultados: A fonte de luz halógena promoveu os maiores valores de dureza Vickers, principalmente, em função da densidade de potência utilizada. Os valores de dureza foram influenciados pelas fontes de luz, técnicas de fotoativação, tempos de irradiação e superfícies, topo e base. Para ambas as fontes de luz, os valores de dureza diminuíram com a técnica de fotoativação indireta, principalmente para a superfície de base. Amostras irradiadas por 60 s apresentaram valores de dureza maiores quando a fonte de luz halógena foi utilizada. Durante 60 s , os valores de VHN foram estatisticamente significativos maior do que 40 s. Diferenças significativas foram observadas nos valores dureza Vickers (VHN) para as superfícies de topo e base utilizando 40 e 60 s. Conclusão: As fontes de luz, técnicas de fotoativação direta e indireta, tempos de irradiação e superfícies (topo e base) influenciam na dureza da resina composta.Coordenação de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES

In vitro reduction of pathogenic sporothrix schenckii fungus by photodynamic therapy

Made available in DSpace on 2019-09-12T16:56:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2017Sporotrichosis is a disease that affects the lymph vessels, skin and some internal organs. Most cases are presented as a subacute chronic mycosis caused by the Sporothrix schenckii fungus; fairly common in tropical regions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the susceptibility of Sporothrix schenckii yeast cells to the effects of photodynamic inactivation. For this, the viable cells were separated into four groups: irradiated with photosensitizer group (L+F+); irradiated without photosensitizer group (L+F-), without irradiation and with photosensitizer group (L-F+); and without irradiation and without photosensitizer group (L-F-). The methylene blue photosensitizer concentration used was 0.1 mg/mL, and the Aluminum Gallium Arsenide laser dose was 26.3 J/cm2. Then, counting of colony forming units (CFUs) was performed in each group. The main result was that the irradiated group with photosensitizer (L+F+) was the one that showed no growth of CFUs. Thus, it was concluded that Sporothrix schenckii can be inactivated by use of photodynamic therapy[de Paula Guirado, Gunther Monteiro] Universidade de Taubaté (Unitau) UNITAU[Navarro, Ricardo Scarparo; Feitosa, Luciano dos Santos] Camilo Castelo Branco Univ UNICASTELO, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil[Rossoni, Rodnei Dennis] Univ Estadual Paulista Julio De Mesquita Filho UN, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil[Junqueira, Juliana Campos] Brown Univ, Rhode Isl Hosp, Dept Infect Dis, Providence, RI 02903 US

CO2 laser and/or fluoride enamel treatment against in situ/ex vivo erosive challenge

ABSTRACT Objective This in situ/ex vivo study investigated the effect of CO2 laser irradiation and acidulated phosphate fluoride gel (APF) application, separately and in combination, on enamel resistance to erosion. Material and Methods During 2 experimental 5-day crossover phases, 8 volunteers wore intraoral appliances containing bovine enamel blocks which were submitted to four groups: 1st phase - control, untreated and CO2 laser irradiation, 2nd phase - fluoride application and fluoride application before CO2 laser irradiation. Laser irradiation was performed at 10.6 µm wavelength, 5 µs pulse duration and 50 Hz frequency, with average power input and output of 2.3 W and 2.0 W, respectively (28.6 J/cm2). APF gel (1.23%F, pH 3.5) was applied on enamel surface with a microbrush and left on for 4 minutes. Then, the enamel blocks were fixed at the intraoral appliance level. The erosion was performed extraorally 4 times daily for 5 min in 150 mL of cola drink. Enamel loss was measured profilometrically after treatment and after the in situ phase. The data were tested using one-way Repeated Measures Anova and Tukey's test (p<0.05). Results CO2 laser alone (2.00±0.39 µm) did not show any significantly preventive effect against enamel erosion when compared with the control group (2.41±1.20 µm). Fluoride treated enamel, associated (1.50±0.30 µm) or not (1.47±0.63 µm) with laser irradiation, significantly differed from the control. Conclusion The APF application decreased enamel wear; however, CO2 laser irradiation did not enhance fluoride ability to reduce enamel wear