Quasimonoenergetic electron beams with relativistic energies and ultrashort duration from laser-solid interactions at 0.5 kHz

International audienceWe investigate the production of electron beams from the interaction of relativistically-intense laser pulses with a solid-density SiO2 target in a regime where the laser pulse energy is -mJ and the repetition rate -kHz. The electron beam spatial distribution and spectrum were investigated as a function of the plasma scale length, which was varied by deliberately introducing a moderate-intensity prepulse. At the optimum scale length of λ/2, the electrons are emitted in a collimated beam having a quasimonoenergetic distribution that peaked at -0.8MeV. A highly reproducible structure in the spatial distribution exhibits an evacuation of electrons along the laser specular direction and suggests that the electron beam duration is comparable to that of the laser pulse. Particle-in-cell simulations which are in good agreement with the experimental results offer insights on the acceleration mechanism by the laser field. © 2009 The American Physical Society

THE EFFECT OF DEXTRANAL ON THE GUT BACTERIOBIOME OF CALVES

Background. The search for more efficient pro- and prebiotics to improve calves’ health, including decreasing the incidence of intestinal infections and increasing biomass production, has been very actual. The effect of prebiotics, however, is poorly, especially as related to gut microbiome biodiversity.  The aim of this work was to study the influence of dextranal on the growth of calves and their gut(rectum) bacteriobiome. Materials and Methods. Bacteriobiome composition and structure was assessed in the control group (K, conventional diet) and dextranal-receiving group (D) in 18-20 days aged calves  by 16S metabarcoding (V3-V4, Illumina MiSeq). Results. Overall, we found 377 operational taxonomic units (OTU) from 168 genera, 91 families, 55 orders, 30 classes and 11 phyla, with more than the half of the total number of identifies OTUs belonging to the Firmicutes phylum, followed by Bacteroidetes and Actinobacteria. The relative abundance of the phylum-specific nucleotide sequences followed the same order of dominance. Dextranal addition resulted in the increased (11.9 kg/calf, or 15%) of the living body mass of the two-months old calves in group D as compared with group K: consequently, the dextranal-related difference in the calves’ gut bacteriobiome composition and structure can be viewed as beneficial. It primarily concerns the decreased abundance of the opportunistic pathogen Escherichia/Shigella (Gammaproteobacteria) in group D. Overall 73 OTUs, including six dominant ones, were found to be differentially abundant in the groups. However, changes in the relative abundance of some OTUs were difficult to interpret, most likely due to the low strain/species resolution by 16S rRNA gene fragments’ sequences. As for the α- biodiversity, there were no differences between the groups, but the overall trend directed to the increasing α- biodiversity of the calves’ gut bacteriobiome after dextranal treatment. Conclusion. This study reports the first attempt to inventory the gut bacteriobiome of the cattle in the region, and the obtained results provide the basis for a more detailed and taxonomically targeted further research

колективна монографія

Кримінальний процесуальний кодекс 2012 року: ідеологія та практика правозастосування: колективна монографія / за заг. ред. Ю. П. Аленіна ; відпов. за вип. І. В. Гловюк. - Одеса : Видавничий дім «Гельветика», 2018. - 1148 с

Complex Interaction of Traditional Innovative Teaching and Education Aids in the Process of Social and Aesthetic Education at School and University

The growth of megacities, uneven development of the center and regions, personification of audiovisual media, and disconnected subjectivity in the society makes the school and university education steadily move towards computerization and digitalization. There is a predictable cultural discrepancy due to the difference in opportunities, motivation, and the quality of teaching aids in the elite and local schools. It makes the issue of the research obviously relative and is seen as three interrelated contexts: social, cultural and educational. Moreover, the solution of the issue in the educational context makes the risks, generating from out the other contexts, drop significantly. Therefore, the article is focused on the ways to bridge cultural discrepancy in the Vladimir regional education system while bringing the traditional and innovative teaching aids to balance. The methods include analysis, modelling and statistical techniques. The experimental research material reviewed in the Vladimir branch of Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Vladimir State University and the practical outcomes make it possible to work out a model of the complex interaction of the traditional and innovative teaching aids providing the professional training and individual development only due to the balance between life music and electronic recordings, the interaction of “offline” and “online” structures in the monocultural and multicultural forms

Complex Interaction of Traditional Innovative Teaching and Education Aids in the Process of Social and Aesthetic Education at School and University

The growth of megacities, uneven development of the center and regions, personification of audiovisual media, and disconnected subjectivity in the society makes the school and university education steadily move towards computerization and digitalization. There is a predictable cultural discrepancy due to the difference in opportunities, motivation, and the quality of teaching aids in the elite and local schools. It makes the issue of the research obviously relative and is seen as three interrelated contexts: social, cultural and educational. Moreover, the solution of the issue in the educational context makes the risks, generating from out the other contexts, drop significantly. Therefore, the article is focused on the ways to bridge cultural discrepancy in the Vladimir regional education system while bringing the traditional and innovative teaching aids to balance. The methods include analysis, modelling and statistical techniques. The experimental research material reviewed in the Vladimir branch of Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Vladimir State University and the practical outcomes make it possible to work out a model of the complex interaction of the traditional and innovative teaching aids providing the professional training and individual development only due to the balance between life music and electronic recordings, the interaction of “offline” and “online” structures in the monocultural and multicultural forms

Toward personalization of asthma treatment according to trigger factors

International audienceAsthma is a severe and chronic disabling disease affecting more than 300 million people worldwide. Although in the past few drugs for the treatment of asthma were available, new treatment options are currently emerging, which appear to be highly effective in certain subgroups of patients. Accordingly, there is a need for biomarkers that allow selection of patients for refined and personalized treatment strategies. Recently, serological chip tests based on microarrayed allergen molecules and peptides derived from the most common rhinovirus strains have been developed, which may discriminate 2 of the most common forms of asthma, that is, allergen- and virus-triggered asthma. In this perspective, we argue that classification of patients with asthma according to these common trigger factors may open new possibilities for personalized management of asthma