Mapping solar irradiance within Schrödinger Basin for future robotic sample return missions

The US National Research Council (NRC) identified eight scientific concepts and thirty-five prioritized investigations to be addressed with continued lunar exploration. These objectives are broadly consistent with those identified throughout the international community. the majority of these objectives require sample return from the Moon. Schrödinger basin has been highlighted as a particularly attractive location to find suitable samples

Mapping Sciences in National Academies of the USA

Currently, there are four national academies in the United States of America: National Academy of Sciences (NAS), National Academy of Engineering (NAE), Institute of Medicine (IOM) and National Research Council (NRC) (http://www.nas.edu/)

Word Sense Disambiguation by Web Mining for Word Co-occurrence Probabilities

This paper describes the National Research Council (NRC) Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) system, as applied to the English Lexical Sample (ELS) task in Senseval-3. The NRC system approaches WSD as a classical supervised machine learning problem, using familiar tools such as the Weka machine learning software and Brill's rule-based part-of-speech tagger. Head words are represented as feature vectors with several hundred features. Approximately half of the features are syntactic and the other half are semantic. The main novelty in the system is the method for generating the semantic features, based on word co-occurrence probabilities. The probabilities are estimated using the Waterloo MultiText System with a corpus of about one terabyte of unlabeled text, collected by a web crawler

Commentary: The Negro Problem in the 1980s

Since 1984 the National Research Council (NRC) of the National Academy of Science has been conducting a study on the status of black Americans. And since 1986 the William Monroe Trotter Institute has been conducting a similar study. The Trotter Institute study was developed because we wanted to have the widest possible discussion of the present condition of blacks and the social policy implications of that condition

Alignment of a digital watershed and land use game to national education standards

Digital games, especially simulations, have supported student learning outcomes in the areas of science and agriculture in classrooms and nonformal settings. Simulations contribute robustly to student achievement in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM), and agriculture content areas, especially when they are aligned with national education standards. The People in Ecosystems Watershed Integration (PEWI) simulation is a digital game that was evaluated for fit to two national standards: the Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS) and the Agriculture, Food, and Natural Resources Standards (AFNR). The evaluation of alignment of PEWI to NGSS provided “extensive” evidence on a four‐point scale for meeting Criterion A: Explaining phenomenon/designing solutions; Criterion B: 3‐D learning, science and engineering practices, rated for three areas: (a) “extensive” for science and engineering practices, (b) “adequate” for disciplinary core ideas, and (c) “extensive” for cross‐cutting concepts. Additionally, PEWI aligned with nine high school–level NGSS student performance expectations categories. For AFNR Standards, the PEWI evaluation provided evidence for alignment to 10 standards and 17 indicators from the AFNR areas of Environmental Service Systems, Natural Resource Systems, and Plant Systems

Geodezija u nacionalnim akademijama SAD-a

Currently, there are four national academies in the United States of America: National Academy of Sciences (NAS), National Academy of Engineering (NAE), Institute of Medicine (IOM) and National Research Council (NRC) (http://www.nas.edu/).Danas u Sjedinjenim Američkim Državama postoje četiri akademije sa statusom nacionalnih akademija: Nacionalna akademija znanosti (National Academy  of Sciences – NAS), Nacionalna inženjerska akademija (National Academy of Engineering – NAE), Medicinski institut (Institute of Medicine – IOM) i Nacionalno istraživačko vijeće (National Research Counsil – NRC) (http://www.nas.edu/)

The Journey Towards Technological Literacy for All in the United States — Are We There Yet?

The article discusses technological literacy in the U.S. The author focuses on the history of studying technology within general education and notes the scarcity of technology education requirements in American schools. He examines the impact of various studies conducted by the Standards for Technological Literacy (STL) and the National Research Council (NRC), among others, on technological literacy. The author compares the seventeen processes of researcher Harold Halfin\u27s technological research to the theories outlined in various STL material, including observation, analysis, and visualization

Kinesthetic Investigations in the Physics Classroom

Inquiry can be defined practically as “an active learning process in which students answer research questions through data analysis.”2 This simple definition of inquiry is based on the National Science Educational Standards and is easy for teachers to understand. The National Research Council (NRC) identifies the scientific practices that support inquiry and that students should be engaged in, including: question generation, experimental design, data analysis, creating explanations, argumentation, and communicating results.3 The investigations created encourage inquiry and require students to develop their scientific practices skills