Sexuality and obesity, a gender perspective: results from French national random probability survey of sexual behaviours

Objectives To analyse the association between body mass index (BMI) and sexual activity, sexual satisfaction, unintended pregnancies, and abortions in obese people and to discuss the implications for public health practices, taking into account the respondents’ and their partners’ BMI

Des ressources pour une union, une union contre des ressources : mise en couple et conditions de vie chez les immigré·e·s d’Afrique subsaharienne après leur arrivée en France

Lorsqu’ils arrivent en France, généralement à un âge auquel les couples se forment, les immigré·e·s d’Afrique subsaharienne connaissent des conditions de vie particulièrement difficiles. Or, les dynamiques conjugales dépendent des ressources économiques et matérielles détenues par les individus et ce, de façon différente pour les femmes et les hommes. De fait, les hommes pourraient avoir des difficultés à entrer en union après leur arrivée France, alors que les femmes seraient amenées à se mettre rapidement en couple, accédant aux ressources matérielles de leur conjoint et ainsi, échapper à la précarité économique. Cet article détaille les conditions d’entrée en union des immigré·e·s d’Afrique subsaharienne après leur arrivée en France. Nous utilisons les données de l’enquête biographique ANRS-Parcours menée en 2012-2013 en Île-de-France. Nos résultats mettent en évidence le fait que les hommes immigrés d’Afrique subsaharienne entrent moins rapidement en union que leurs homologues de sexe féminin. Chez ces derniers, la mise en couple dépend du fait d’avoir un emploi stable, un logement personnel ou un titre de séjour pérenne. En outre, plus leurs conditions de vie sont favorables, plus ils entrent rapidement en union. Pour les femmes en revanche, la mise en couple ne semble pas dépendre de leurs situations administrative ou professionnelle. Il semblerait même que le fait d’entrer en union puisse leur permettre d’améliorer leurs conditions de vie.When arriving in France, at the age at forming a union, sub-Saharan migrants experience highly precarious living conditions. Considering that conjugal dynamics depend on the economic and material resources held by individuals, and in a different way for both sexes, men may have difficulty entering into a union after their arrival in France, while women would be required to quickly couple and access the material resources of their spouse, and thus escape economic instability. This article details the conditions of starting a union by sub-Saharan immigrants after their arrival in France. We use data from the ANRS-Parcours biographical survey conducted in 2012-2013 in Paris area. Men enter less quickly into union than their female counterparts. For sub-Saharan migrant men, pairing seems to be conditioned by having stable employment, personal housing or a permanent residence permit. In addition, the more favorable their living conditions are, the sooner they enter into a union. For women, however, couples do not appear to be dependent on their administrative or professional situation. It would even seem that the fact of entering a union would enable them to improve their living conditions.Al llegar a Francia, a la edad de formar una pareja, los inmigrantes subsaharianos experimentan condiciones de vida precarias. De hecho, el emparejamiento depende de los recursos que los individuos pueden movilizar, y sus efectos están diferentes según el sexo. Los hombres podrían tener dificultades para formar una pareja después de su llegada a Francia, mientras que a las mujeres podrían emparejarse rápidamente y así acceder a los recursos materiales de su pareja, lo que les permitiría escapar de la inestabilidad económica. Este artículo detalla las condiciones en las cuales se forma una pareja para los migrantes africanos subsaharianos después de su llegada a Francia. Utilizamos datos de la encuesta biográfica ANRS-Parcours realizada en 2012-2013 en la zona de París. Los hombres forman menos rápidamente pareja que sus homólogas femeninas. Por ellos, el emparejamiento parece estar condicionado por tener un empleo estable, una vivienda personal o un permiso de residencia permanente. Además, cuanto más favorables sean las condiciones de vida en las que evolucionan, más pronto forman una pareja. Para las mujeres, sin embargo, el emparejamiento no parece depender de su situación administrativa o profesional. Incluso parecería que el hecho de formar una pareja les permitiría mejorar sus condiciones de vida

Male experiences of unintended pregnancy: characteristics and prevalence

what is known already: Efforts to involve men in family planning have increased over the last decade; however, little is known about factors associated with men's pregnancy intentions and associated contraceptive behaviours. study design, size, duration: The data presented in this study were drawn from the nationally representative FECOND study, a population-based survey conducted in France in 2010. The sample comprised 8675 individuals (3373 men), aged 15-49 years, who responded to a telephone interview about socio-demographics and topics related to sexual and reproductive health. The total refusal rate was 20%. participants/materials, setting, methods: This study included 2997 men, of whom 664 reported 893 recent pregnancies (in the 5 years preceding the survey). Multivariate Poisson's regression with population-averaged marginal effects was applied to assess the individual and contextual factors associated with men's intentions for recent pregnancies. The contraceptive circumstances leading to the unintended pregnancies were also assessed. main results and the role of chance: Of all heterosexually active men, 5% reported they had experienced an unintended pregnancy with a partner in the last 5 years. A total of 20% of recent pregnancies reported by men were qualified to be unintended, of which 45% ended in induced abortion. Of pregnancies following a previous unintended pregnancy, 68% were themselves unintended. Among all heterosexually active men, recent experience of an unintended pregnancy was related to age, mother's education, age at first sex, parity, contraceptive method history, lifetime number of female partners and the relationship situation at the time of survey. Recent unintended pregnancies were also related to pregnancy order and to the financial and professional situation at the time of conception. The majority of unintended pregnancies occurred when men or their partners were using contraceptives; 58% of contraceptive users considered that the pregnancy was due to inconsistent use and 39% considered that it resulted from method failure. Half of the non-users who reported an unintended pregnancy thought that their partner was using a contraceptive method. The relative risk of non-use of a contraceptive method during the month of conception of a recent unintended pregnancy was higher among those without a high school degree (IRR ¼ 2.9, CI 1.6, 5.2) and higher among men for whom the pregnancy interfered with education (IRR ¼ 1.8, CI 1.0, 3.1) or work (IRR ¼ 1.9, CI 1.1, 3.6). limitations, reasons for caution: From the perspective of men, the unintended pregnancy rates may be underestimated due to a combination of underreporting of abortion and post-rationalization of birth intentions. Our use of a dichotomous measure of unintended pregnancy is unlikely to fully capture the multidimensional construct of pregnancy intentions. wider implication of the findings: These results call for gender-inclusive family planning programmes, which fully engage men as active participants in their own rights

Cognitive testing of a survey instrument to assess sexual practices, behaviours, and health outcomes: a multi-country study protocol

BACKGROUND: Population level data on sexual practices, behaviours and health-related outcomes can ensure that responsive, relevant health services are available for all people of all ages. However, while billions of dollars have been invested in attempting to improve sexual and reproductive health (including HIV) outcomes, far less is understood about associated sexual practices and behaviours. Therefore, the World Health Organization embarked on a global consultative process to develop a short survey instrument to assess sexual health practices, behaviours and health outcomes. In order for the resulting draft survey instrument to be published as a 'global' standard instrument, it is important to first determine that the proposed measures are globally comprehensible and applicable. This paper describes a multi-country study protocol to assess the interpretability and comparability of the survey instrument in a number of diverse countries. METHODS: This study will use cognitive interviewing, a qualitative data collection method that uses semi-structured interviews to explore how participants process and respond to survey instruments. We aim to include study sites in up to 20 countries. The study procedures consist of: (1) localizing the instrument using forward and back-translation; (2) using a series of cognitive interviews to understand how participants engage with each survey question; (3) revising the core instrument based on interview findings; and (4) conducting an optional second round of cognitive interviews. Data generated from interviews will be summarised into a predeveloped analysis matrix. The entire process (a 'wave' of data collection) will be completed simultaneously by 5+ countries, with a total of three waves. This stepwise approach facilitates iterative improvements and sharing across countries. DISCUSSION: An important output from this research will be a revised survey instrument, which when subsequently published, can contribute to improving the comparability across contexts of measures of sexual practices, behaviours and health-related outcomes. Site-specific results of the feasibility of conducting this research may help shift perceptions of who and what can be included in sexual health-related research

Sex surveys in Europe: reflections on over four decades of sexual behavior and sexual health surveillance

Sexual expression is fundamental to human existence and an important topic of enquiry in its own right. Understanding sexual behavior is also essential to establish effective sexual health prevention activities (e.g., education), services and policies, and to assess the progress of policies and action plans. Questions on sexual health are rarely included in general health surveys, and therefore dedicated population studies are required. Many countries lack both funding and sociopolitical support to conduct such surveys. A tradition of periodic population sexual health surveys exists in Europe but the methods used (e.g., in questionnaire construction, recruiting methods or interview format) vary from one survey to another. This is because the researchers within each country are confronted with conceptual, methodological, sociocultural and budgetary challenges, for which they find different solutions. These differences limit comparison across countries and pooling of estimates, but the variation in approaches provides a rich source of learning on population survey research. In this review, survey leads from 11 European countries discuss how their surveys evolved during the past four decades in response to sociohistorical and political context, and the challenges they encountered. The review discusses the solutions they identified and shows that it is possible to create well designed surveys which collect high quality data on a range of aspects of sexual health, despite the sensitivity of the topic. Herewith, we hope to support the research community in their perennial quest for political support and funding, and ongoing drive to advance methodology in future national sex surveys

Development of an international sexual and reproductive health survey instrument: results from a pilot WHO/HRP consultative Delphi process

Population health surveys are rarely comprehensive in addressing sexual health, and population-representative surveys often lack standardized measures for collecting comparable data across countries. We present a sexual health survey instrument and implementation considerations for population-level sexual health research. The brief, comprehensive sexual health survey and consensus statement was developed via a multi-step process (an open call, ahackathon, and a modified Delphi process). The survey items, domains, entire instruments, and implementation considerations to develop a sexual health survey were solicited via a global crowdsourcing open call. The open call received 175 contributions from 49 countries. Following review of submissions from the open call, 18 finalists and eight facilitators with expertise in sexual health research, especially in low and middle-income countries (LMICs), were invited to a 3-day hackathon to harmonize a survey instrument. Consensus was achieved through an iterative, modified Delphi process that included three rounds of online surveys. The entire process resulted in a 19-item consensus statement and a brief sexual health survey instrument. This is the first global consensus on a sexual and reproductive health survey instrument that can be used to generate cross-national comparative data in both high-income and LMICs. The inclusive process identified priority domains for improvement and can inform the design of sexual and reproductive health programs and contextually relevant data for comparable research across countries

Cleland (J.), Ferry (B.) — Sexual Behaviour and Aids in the Developing world

Bajos Nathalie. Cleland (J.), Ferry (B.) — Sexual Behaviour and Aids in the Developing world. In: Population, 52ᵉ année, n°6, 1997. pp. 1551-1552

Cleland (J.), Ferry (B.) — Sexual Behaviour and Aids in the Developing world

Bajos Nathalie. Cleland (J.), Ferry (B.) — Sexual Behaviour and Aids in the Developing world. In: Population, 52ᵉ année, n°6, 1997. pp. 1551-1552