Network of Australiasian Tertiary Associations: a space for discussion, collaboration and advocacy in tertiary education

This presentation explores the development of a network focused on enhancing network leadership in tertiary education associations. The Network of Australasian Tertiary Associations (NATA) is an Office for Learning and Teaching (OLT) project that aims at facilitating a sustainable collaborative network between established higher education associations. NATA provides a space for discussion, action and advocacy on key issues pertinent to the Australasian tertiary environment. Members of NATA comprise Australasian Society for Computers in Learning in Tertiary Education (ascilite), Australasian Council on Open, Distance and e-learning (ACODE), The Higher Education Research and Development Society of Australasia, (HERDSA), The Council of Australian Directors of Academic Development, (CADAD), Open and Distance Learning Association of Australia (ODLAA), Australian Academic and Research Network (AARNet) and Netspot. Networks are important hubs for the development of new ideas and are discussion and dissemination spaces for individuals and communities. The project is now focused on progressing achieving the NATA's key objectives through three strategic activities. These comprise: ● Disseminating the ALTC Good Practice Reports through the development of asynchronous 'E' Resources, completed in partnership with report authors ● Conducting research into the network and network leadership through interviews, focus groups and surveys ● Supporting partner associations to engage in small-scale projects aligned with the key objectives of both the NATA and their association to provide value to the sector and strengthen communication and engagement of NATA partners. Through the creation of collaborative connected spaces for discourse and action, the NATA aspires to develop a model that will influence policy, research and learning and teaching in the Australasian tertiary environment

The collisional relaxation of electrons in hot flaring plasma and inferring the properties of solar flare accelerated electrons from X-ray observations

X-ray observations are a direct diagnostic of fast electrons produced in solar flares, energized during the energy release process and directed towards the Sun. Since the properties of accelerated electrons can be substantially changed during their transport and interaction with the background plasma, a model must ultimately be applied to X-ray observations in order to understand the mechanism responsible for their acceleration. A cold thick target model is ubiquitously used for this task, since it provides a simple analytic relationship between the accelerated electron spectrum and the emitting electron spectrum in the X-ray source, with the latter quantity readily obtained from X-ray observations. However, such a model is inappropriate for the majority of solar flares in which the electrons propagate in a hot megaKelvin plasma, because it does not take into account the physics of thermalization of fast electrons. The use of a more realistic model, properly accounting for the properties of the background plasma, and the collisional diffusion and thermalization of electrons, can alleviate or even remove many of the traditional problems associated with the cold thick target model and the deduction of the accelerated electron spectrum from X-ray spectroscopy, such as the number problem and the need to impose an ad hoc low energy cut-off.Comment: 6 pages, 14th Annual International Astrophysics Conference Tampa proceeding

Carving Caribbean Spaces in Between: The life of Ruth Gourzong in 20th Century Puerto Limon, Costa Rica

This paper attempts to make visible the community and their descendants of free Jamaican blacks who immigrated into the Atlantic Coast of Costa Rica (specifically Puerto Limon) at the turn of the twentieth century to help build the American owned Northern Railway and work on the banana plantations owned by the American owned United Fruit Company. I illustrate the life of my great grandmother, Ruth Gourzong as an example of a woman from this community who managed to thrive against the odds of racism and sexism during her life time in Costa Rica. In order to fully appreciate the context of Afro-Costa Rican lives, it is important to first recognize the presence and legacy of Africans who helped build colonial Costa Rica from the 16th century onwards. On many levels, their lives have been rendered invisible as they have “melded” into the “Hispanic” pot of Costa Rican-ness. With the 2014 impetus by Costa Rican President, Luis Guillermo Solis to recognize the legacy of Afro-descended people in the country, my work answers this challenge by attempting to bridge two trajectories of African-descended people and their encounter with Costa Rica in both the 16th and 20th centuries. I want to rupture staid ideas about Costa Rica’s “pure” Spanish lineage, which brings to the conversation the legacies of African descent peoples as well as AmerIndian/Indigenous communities who continue to infuse Costa Rica with their rich cultural production. The stories of the Afro-Costa Rican community (in the diaspora of New York to the neighborhoods of Puerto Limon, Cahuita and Puerto Viejo) testify to complex migrations, community, identity, ritual and pride that bridge both a Caribbean sensibility with a Costa Rican national pride

On the variation of solar flare coronal x-ray source sizes with energy

Observations with {\em RHESSI} have enabled the detailed study of the structure of dense hard X-ray coronal sources in solar flares. The variation of source extent with electron energy has been discussed in the context of streaming of non-thermal particles in a one-dimensional cold-target model, and the results used to constrain both the physical extent of, and density within, the electron acceleration region. Here we extend this investigation to a more physically realistic model of electron transport that takes into account the finite temperature of the ambient plasma, the initial pitch-angle distribution of the accelerated electrons, and the effects of collisional pitch-angle scattering. The finite temperature results in the thermal diffusion of electrons, that leads to the observationally-inferred value of the acceleration region volume being an overestimate of its true value. The different directions of the electron trajectories, a consequence of both the non-zero injection pitch-angle and scattering within the target, cause the projected propagation distance parallel to the guiding magnetic field to be reduced, so that a one-dimensional interpretation can overestimate the actual density by a factor of up to $\sim 6$. The implications of these results for the determination of acceleration region properties (specific acceleration rate, filling factor, etc.) are discussed.Comment: 45 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in Ap

Evaluating lay perceptions of maternal mortality to improve risk communication: a case study in Rivers State, Nigeria

Maternal mortality is one of the major challenges in reproductive health in Nigeria. Approximately two-thirds of the women (three-quarters in rural Nigeria) deliver their babies outside of health facilities and without medically skilled birth attendants. Communication and education are vital since so many births take place outside formal healthcare environments, and the high mortality rate suggests there is potential for progress, which can supplement Nigerian government efforts. The purpose of the study was to elicit lay knowledge and interpretations about the major components of the problem as part of a wider mental models study aimed at improving risk communication. These knowledge and perceptions were elicited through semi-structured interviews with women of childbearing age (15-49 years). Interviews were analysed to evaluate common themes that will be used to model lay perceptions for comparison to the expert mental model as part of the wider method. The emergent themes will be presented and discussed in the context of the identification of important gaps in knowledge and misperceptions that have the potential for development of improved risk communication

Assuring best practice in technology-enhanced learning environments

This paper documents the development and findings of the Good Practice Report on Technology-Enhanced Learning and Teaching funded by the Australian Learning and Teaching Council (ALTC). Developing the Good Practice Report required a meta-analysis of 33 ALTC learning and teaching projects relating to technology funded between 2006 and 2010. This report forms one of 12 completed Good Practice Reports on a range of different topics commissioned by the ALTC and Australian Government Office for Learning and Teaching (OLT). The reports aim to reduce issues relating to dissemination that projects face within the sector by providing educators with an efficient and accessible way of engaging with and filtering through the resources and experiences of numerous learning and teaching projects funded by the ALTC and OLT. The Technology-Enhanced Learning and Teaching Report highlights examples of good practice and provides outcomes and recommendations based on the meta-analysis of the relevant learning and teaching projects. However, in order to ensure the value of these reports is realised, educators need to engage with the reports and integrate the information and findings into their practice. The paper concludes by detailing how educational networks can be utilised to support dissemination

Digital developments in Scottish Studies

Beyond the intricacies of audio recording equipment and the electric typewriter, technology hasn’t always been a big part of Scottish Studies. The past few decades, however, have witnessed the growing impact that digital technologies are having on our field. To get a sense of what lies ahead, this essay examines the efforts of three scholars involved in transforming access to source materials and reshaping the terms of scholarly enquir

Determination of the total accelerated electron rate and power using solar flare hard X-ray spectra

Solar flare hard X-ray spectroscopy serves as a key diagnostic of the accelerated electron spectrum. However, the standard approach using the collisional cold thick-target model poorly constrains the lower-energy part of the accelerated electron spectrum, and hence the overall energetics of the accelerated electrons are typically constrained only to within one or two orders of magnitude. Here we develop and apply a physically self-consistent warm-target approach which involves the use of both hard X-ray spectroscopy and imaging data. The approach allows an accurate determination of the electron distribution low-energy cutoff, and hence the electron acceleration rate and the contribution of accelerated electrons to the total energy released, by constraining the coronal plasma parameters. Using a solar flare observed in X-rays by the {\em RHESSI} spacecraft, we demonstrate that using the standard cold-target methodology, the low-energy cutoff (and hence the energy content in electrons) is essentially undetermined. However, the warm-target methodology can determine the low-energy electron cutoff with $\sim$7\% uncertainty at the $3\sigma$ level and hence permits an accurate quantitative study of the importance of accelerated electrons in solar flare energetics.Comment: Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal, 18 pages, 5 figure

Switching anti-CGRP monoclonal antibodies in chronic migraine:real-world observations of erenumab, fremanezumab and galcanezumab

Objectives: The anti-calcitonin gene-related peptide monoclonal antibodies (anti-CGRP-mAb) are effective in migraine; however, few studies have examined the benefit of switching from one anti-CGRP-mAb to another. In order to better inform clinical practice in this situation, we present our real-world findings of switching anti-CGRP-mAb in chronic migraine. Methods: Individuals with chronic migraine that switched anti-CGRP-mAb treatment (erenumab, fremanezumab or galcanezumab) due to ineffectiveness or adverse effects were retrospectively identified. Headache diary data before and up to 6 months after anti-CGRP-mAb switch were analysed. Main outcome measures were monthly red days (days with headaches limiting activity or requiring triptans), headache days (days with any kind of headache), triptan use, other analgesic use and headache disability (Headache Impact Test-6 (HIT-6) score) at 3 months. Results: The analysis included 66 instances of switching among 54 individuals. There were non-significant reductions of −1.2 (−2.7, 0.3) red days from baseline at 3 months, with 10 individuals (15%) showing ≥50% improvement and 22 (33%) experiencing a ≥30% improvement. Improvements in headache days, triptan days, other painkiller use and HIT-6 score were non-significant. When individuals that switched due to side effects were excluded from the analysis, significant reductions in headache (Friedman p=0.044) and a trend for improvement in red days (Friedman p=0.083) were observed. With regard to side effects, on 12 occasions these improved or resolved on switching to a different anti-CGRP-mAb, while new symptoms were reported on eight occasions following a switch. Conclusion: We recorded modest improvements in headache outcomes, although significant results were only observed in those that switched anti-CGRP-mAb due to ineffectiveness. Switching may therefore be a viable option for these individuals