Fathers Are Parents, Too! Widening the Lens on Parenting for Children’s Development

Why do fathers matter? Recent conceptual and theoretical advances regarding father–child relationships have demonstrated that fathers affect children’s outcomes both directly and indirectly. To attain a complete developmental account of the ecologically rich contexts of child development, in this article, we recommend best practices regarding the conceptualization and assessment of father–child relationships that reflect contemporary family life. We also discuss conceptual and measurement issues pertaining to father–child relationships in different family configurations, including those with resident and nonresident fathers. We conclude with recommendations that can help developmental researchers advance our understanding of fathering, parenting, and children’s development.Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/145283/1/cdep12275.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/145283/2/cdep12275_am.pd

School Psychology and COVID-19 in Canada: Turning crisis into opportunities

The Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) caused a significant crisis for the educational system and its students worldwide. School psychologists were among the many professionals who adapted their work to meet the needs of schools and students during the pandemic. This study aimed to gain a deeper understanding of school psychologists’ experiences regarding the changes and adaptations in their practices during COVID-19 and evaluate their perceptions of the challenges and benefits associated with these changes. Another goal was to investigate their thoughts on what should be preserved, modified, or improved in the field. Twenty school psychologists working in schools across Canada were interviewed online using a modified version of the semi-structured interview developed by Reupert et al. (2022b). Interviews were transcribed and analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis. Six themes were identified, including (a) disruptions and challenges in services, (b) making it work - adapting one’s work, (c) coping with change - influences of work support & personal strategies, (d) effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on students, (e) school psychology work post-COVID-19, and (f) lessons learned and recommendations for future pandemics. This study aims to be of educational and practical significance to school psychologists. It is critical that we learn from this challenging period imposed by the COVID-19 crisis and identify what should be preserved or modified in Canadian school psychologists' practice post-pandemic

Father Input and Child Vocabulary Development: The Importance of Wh Questions and Clarification Requests

Individual differences in children’s language skills have been shown to stem in part from variations in the quantity and quality of parent speech input. However, most research focuses on mothers’ input whereas less is known about the effects of variability in father input. In this article, we review the relation between parent input and child language development with a focus on low-income families, and review general findings about similarities and differences in mother and father speech. Within this review, we highlight conversation-eliciting speech, such as wh questions and clarification requests, which occur, on average, more frequently in father input than mother input. Conversation-eliciting speech is challenging for 2-year-old children and has been shown in research with mothers to relate to child vocabulary development.We then report a study examining whether fathers’ use of conversation-eliciting speech relates to children’s developing vocabulary skills at 24 months of age within a sample of lowincome African American families. Understanding that speech input varies among fathers, and specific strengths that fathers bring to interactions with their young children can help speech-language pathologists develop and implement more effective interventions

LOW-INCOME, MINORITY FATHERS’ CONTROL STRATEGIES AND THEIR CHILDREN'S REGULATORY SKILLS

The current study explored the bidirectional association of children’s individual characteristics, fathers’ control strategies at 24 months, and children’s regulatory skills at prekindergarten (pre-K). Using a sample of low-income, minority families with 2-year-olds from the Early Head Start Research and Evaluation Project (n = 71), we assessed the association between child gender and vocabulary skills, fathers’ control strategies at 24 months (e.g., regulatory behavior and regulatory language), and children’s sustained attention and emotion regulation at prekindergarten. There were three main findings. First, fathers overwhelmingly used commands (e.g., “Do that.”) to promote compliance in their 24-month-old children. Second, children’s vocabulary skills predicted fathers’ regulatory behaviors during a father–child interaction whereas children’s gender predicted fathers’ regulatory language during an interaction. Third, controlling for maternal supportiveness, fathers’ regulatory behaviors at 24 months predicted children’s sustained attention at pre-K whereas fathers’ regulatory language at 24 months predicted children’s emotion regulation at pre-K. Our findings highlight the importance of examining paternal contributions to children’s regulatory skills

Supporting Parents: How Six Decades of Parenting Research Can Inform Policy and Best Practice

Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/145365/1/sop200090.pd

Fatherhood in the Twenty-First Century

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/65867/1/1467-8624.00126.pd

Father–toddler communication in low-income families: The role of paternal education and depressive symptoms

Using data from a racially and ethnically diverse sample of low-income fathers and their 2-year-old children who participated in the Early Head Start Research Evaluation Project (n = 80), the current study explored the association among paternal depressive symptoms and level of education, fathers’ language to their children, and children’s language skills. There were three main findings. First, there was large variability in the quality and quantity of language used during linguistic interactions between low-income fathers and their toddlers. Second, fathers with higher levels of education had children who spoke more (i.e. utterances) and had more diverse vocabularies (i.e. word types) than fathers with lower levels of education. However, fathers with more depressive symptoms had children with less grammatically complex language (i.e. smaller MLUs) than fathers with fewer depressive symptoms. Third, direct effects between fathers’ depressive symptoms and level of education and children’s language outcomes were partially mediated by fathers’ quantity and quality of language

GÉNERO Y CULTURA POPULAR EN LA INTERVENCIÓN DE PLAZAS COMERCIALES PATRIMONIALES

Las áreas históricas en América Latina han experimentado procesos de patrimonialización relativamente recientes, donde los centros históricos, correspondientes al tejido de fundación española, han retomado importancia. En consecuencia, se han ejecutado un sinnúmero de proyectos sobre sus espacios públicos con la finalidad de regenerarlos. En el caso de las plazas comerciales, que históricamente han ocupado determinados entornos del área patrimonializada, estas intervenciones se han caracterizado por la búsqueda de un orden y estética que se contrapone a su condición marcadamente popular. Con el objetivo de identificar la problemática derivada de estos procesos de regeneración, los valores patrimoniales que mantienen y las características que invisibilizan o desplazan, se aplica un diseño metodológico basado en técnicas de observación y levantamiento de encuestas y entrevistas en dos plazas comerciales del Centro Histórico de Cuenca, en Ecuador, tras ser intervenidas luego de su declaratoria como Patrimonio Cultural de la Humanidad, en 1999. Se obtienen dos hallazgos fundamentales: por una parte, el importante uso de estos contextos por mujeres, niños y niñas, quienes son omitidos dentro de los proyectos de intervención; y el desplazamiento de determinadas características. Finalmente, se propone una revisión a la planificación de este tipo de intervenciones para tornarlamás horizontal; para ello, se toma en consideración tres escalas de actuación. Palabras clave: Centro Histórico, mercado popular, regeneración urbana, perspectiva de género. AbstractHistoric areas in Latin America have undergone relatively recent processes of heritagization, where historic centers corresponding to the urban grid of Spanish foundations have regained importance. As a result, countless projects have been implemented in their public spaces with the aim of regenerating them. In the case of commercial squares, which have historically occupied certain spaces of the heritage area, these interventions have been characterized by the search for order and aesthetics that contrast with their markedly popular condition. To identify the problems derived from these regeneration processes, the heritage values they maintain,and the characteristics they omit or displace, a methodological design based on observation techniques, surveys, and interviews was applied in two commercial plazas in the Historic Center of Cuenca in Ecuador, after they were intervened following their declaration as Cultural Heritage of Humanity in 1999. Two fundamental findings were obtained: on the one hand, the critical use of these contexts by women and children, who are omitted from the intervention projects, and the displacement of certain characteristics. Finally, a revision of the planning of this type of intervention is proposed in order to make it more horizontal, to this end, three scales of action are considered. Keywords: Historic Center, popular market, urban regeneration, gender perspective

Valoración de la sostenibilidad urbana y el habitar en la vivienda pública en cuenca, Ecuador.

Este artículo aporta al debate sobre políticas públicas de vivienda en Ecuador mediante una evaluación de la sustentabilidad urbana y del habitar de los proyectos de vivienda pública en Cuenca (Ecuador). Para tal labor, se identificaron los proyectos construidos desde 1970 hasta 2014 y se eligieron tres que corresponden a tejidos urbanos diferentes, se encuentran en distintas zonas de la ciudad y son promovidos también por disímiles entidades públicas. Para la valoración de la sustentabilidad se utilizaron modelos de evaluación que permitieron constatar que los proyectos tienen una calificación deficiente y que aquellos que se ubican en el límite urbano presentan una valoración aún menor. Con el propósito de evaluar el habitar, se llevaron a cabo encuestas cuyo fin consistió en identificar diferencias en las formas de habitar el entorno inmediato y la ciudad. Se advirtió entonces que los conjuntos desvinculados de las centralidades urbanas generan una serie de efectos inadecuados para la vida en sociedad. Estos resultados obligan a repensar las políticas públicas de vivienda, con miras a superar su empleo como herramienta clientelar -cuyo único objetivo es la compensación del déficit habitacional en términos cuantitativos-, para convertirlas en herramientas de planificación urbana capaces de construir ciudades sustentables. This article contributes to the debate on public housing policies in Ecuador through an evaluation of urban sustainability and living experience in public housing projects in Cuenca (Ecuador). To this end, the projects built from 1970 to 2014 were identified and three were chosen that correspond to different urban fabrics and are located in various areas of the city and promoted by dissimilar public entities. To evaluate sustainability, assessment models were used to demonstrate that the three projects are poorly rated and that those located on the city limits are rated even lower. In order to assess living experience, surveys were conducted to identify differences in the ways of inhabiting the immediate surroundings and the city. The results indicate that projects disconnected from urban centers generate a series of unsatisfactory effects for life in society. In light of the results, public housing policies must be rethought with a view to overcoming their role as clientelism tools whose only purpose is to compensate the housing deficit in quantitative terms, in order to transform them into planning tools capable of building sustainable cities.&nbsp

REGENERACIÓN URBANA, SENTIDO DE PERTENENCIA Y APROPIACIÓN EN ÁREAS PATRIMONIALES: Estudio de cuatro espacios públicos del Centro Histórico de Cuenca

El desapego y abandono de las ciudades históricas latinoamericanas aparece como una problemática recurrente, pese a los múltiples proyectos de regeneración que en décadas recientes se han implementado. En este contexto, se analiza la incidencia de este tipo de proyectos en el sentido de pertenencia y apropiación, de cuatro espacios públicos: tres plazas y un parque, ubicados en el Centro Histórico de Cuenca en Ecuador. Con el objetivo de identificar y estudiar la relación entre las características físico-espaciales y actividades en los espacios con el usuario y su percepción, para así corregir y potenciar futuras intervenciones. Se emplea una metodología con enfoque mixto, cualitativo y cuantitativo, mediante el desarrollo de herramientas que permiten analizar el sentido de pertenencia y apropiación de los usuarios tras los proyectos de regeneración. Se encuentra que las plazas y el parque estudiados se utilizan mayoritariamente de paso y que sus usuarios no se sienten identificados con ellos, debido principalmente a la falta de actividades cotidianas que fomenten la vida de barrio, situación vinculada a la pérdida de vivienda y de diversidad de usos. Finalmente, se concluye con una serie de recomendaciones que buscan fomentar el sentido de pertenencia y apropiación en espacios públicos de áreas patrimoniales. Palabras clave: Apego, vida urbana, patrimonialización. AbstractThe detachment and abandonment of Latin American historic cities appear as a recurrent problem, despite the multiple regeneration projects that have been implemented in recent decades. In this context, we analyze the incidence of this type of project on the sense of belonging and appropriation of four public spaces: three plazas and one park, located in the Historic Center of Cuenca in Ecuador. The objective is to identify and study the relationship between the physical-spatial and usage characteristics with the user and his perception, in order to correct and enhance future interventions. A methodology with a mixed qualitative and quantitative approach is used, through the development of tools that allow analyzing the sense of belonging and appropriation of the users after the regeneration projects. It is found that both, the plazas and the park studied, are mostly used for transit and their users do not feel identified with them, mainly due to the lack of daily activities that neighborhood life, a situation linked to the loss of housing and diversity of uses. Finally, we conclude with a series of recommendations that seek to foster a sense of belonging and appropriation in public spaces in heritage areas. Keywords: Attachment, urban life, patrimonialization