The Use of Binders of Natural Origin to Improve the Technology of Creating Fuel Briquettes from Wood Waste

The method of wood waste utilization by pressing it into fuel briquettes is considered. It is proposed to use sulfate soap, a multi-tonnage waste of the pulp and paper industry, as an astringent. It is proven that as a result of adding a binder to the raw material, it is possible to carry out the process of forming briquettes with lower pressures, while ensuring the necessary statistical strength of the briquette. An appropriate method of supplying the binder is its preliminary mixing with wood waste. The most suitable concentration of the binder for fuel briquettes amounts to 6%. The use of a binder made it possible to reduce engine power by 40%, as well as increase the density of the obtained fuel briquettes by 10%

Analysis of Components of Motor Activity of Junior Schoolchildren with Cerebral Palsy

У статті визначено та представлено основні компоненти довільної рухової активності дітей молодшого шкільного віку з дитячим церебральним паралічем, здійснено детальний аналіз їх особливості у дітей означеної нозології.В статье определены и представлены основные компоненты произвольной двигательной активности детей младшего школьного возраста с детским церебральним параличом, проанализированы их особенности у детей данной нозологии.In the articlr the basic components of movement activity of younger school children with cerebral palsy are represented, carried out the detailed analysis of their feature at the children of the noted nosolog

The Characteristics of Juniors' Vital Activity with Bearing Defects in Our Days

Висвітлені у статті особливості життєдіяльності молодших школярів характеризується тотальним порушенням за всіма досліджуваними показниками, що не сприяє їх оздоровленню та виступає потужним чинником відхилення постави від норми.Представленные в статье особенности жизнедеятельности младших школьников характеризуется тотальным нарушением по всеми исследуемыми показателями, что не способствует их оздоровлению и выступает мощным фактором отклонения осанки от нормы.The given in the article peculiarities of juniors' vital activity are characterized by the total infringement on all the exponents, that doesn;t improove their health and becomes a powerful factor of being deviation from the norm

The Equilibrium Phase Formation and Thermodynamic Properties of Functional Tellurides in the Ag-Fe-Ge-Te System

Funding: This research was supported by the national projects of the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine: “Synthesis, physico-chemical and thermodynamic properties of nanosized and nanostructured materials for electrochemical systems” (No. 0120U102184). This work was partly supported by the Academy of Finland project (Decision number 311537), as part of the activities of the Johan Gadolin Process Chemistry Centre at Åbo Akademi UniversityEquilibrium phase formations below 600 K in the parts Ag2Te-FeTe2-F1.12Te-Ag2Te and Ag8GeTe6-GeTe-FeTe2-AgFeTe2-Ag8GeTe6 of the Fe-Ag-Ge-Te system were established by the electromotive force (EMF) method. The positions of 3- and 4-phase regions relative to the composition of silver were applied to express the potential reactions involving the AgFeTe2, Ag2FeTe2, and Ag2FeGeTe4 compounds. The equilibrium synthesis of the set of phases was performed inside positive electrodes (PE) of the electrochemical cells: (-)Graphite ||LE|| Fast Ag+ conducting solid-electrolyte ||R[Ag+]||PE|| Graphite(+), where LE is the left (negative) electrode, and R[Ag+] is the buffer region for the diffusion of Ag+ ions into the PE. From the observed results, thermodynamic quantities of AgFeTe2, Ag2FeTe2, and Ag2FeGeTe4 were experimentally determined for the first time. The reliability of the division of the Ag2Te-FeTe2-F1.12Te-Ag2Te and Ag8GeTe6-GeTe-FeTe2-AgFeTe2-Ag8GeTe6 phase regions was confirmed by the calculated thermodynamic quantities of AgFeTe2, Ag2FeTe2, and Ag2FeGeTe4 in equilibrium with phases in the adjacent phase regions. Particularly, the calculated Gibbs energies of Ag2FeGeTe4 in two different adjacent 4-phase regions are consistent, which also indicates that it has stoichiometric composition.Peer reviewe

Flavocytochrome b2-mediated electroactive nanoparticles for developing amperometric L-lactate biosensors

L-Lactate is an indicator of food quality, so its monitoring is essential. Enzymes of L-Lactate metabolism are promising tools for this aim. We describe here some highly sensitive biosensors for L-Lactate determination which were developed using flavocytochrome b2 (Fcb2) as a bio-recognition element, and electroactive nanoparticles (NPs) for enzyme immobilization. The enzyme was isolated from cells of the thermotolerant yeast Ogataea polymorpha. The possibility of direct electron transfer from the reduced form of Fcb2 to graphite electrodes has been confirmed, and the amplification of the electrochemical communication between the immobilized Fcb2 and the electrode surface was demonstrated to be achieved using redox nanomediators, both bound and freely diffusing. The fabricated biosensors exhibited high sensitivity (up to 1436 A·M−1·m−2), fast responses, and low limits of detection. One of the most effective biosensors, which contained co-immobilized Fcb2 and the hexacyanoferrate of gold, having a sensitivity of 253 A·M−1·m−2 without freely diffusing redox mediators, was used for L-Lactate analysis in samples of yogurts. A high correlation was observed between the values of analyte content determined using the biosensor and referenced enzymatic-chemical photometric methods. The developed biosensors based on Fcb2-mediated electroactive nanoparticles can be promising for applications in laboratories of food control

The Live Attenuated Vaccine Strain “ARRIAH” Completely Protects Goats from a Virulent Lineage IV Field Strain of Peste Des Petits Ruminants Virus

Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is a transboundary viral disease that affects small ruminants, such as goats and sheep, in Africa, the Middle East, and Asia, causing substantial damage to livelihoods and disrupting livestock trade. Although Russia is PPR virus (PPRV)-free, controlling PPRV in neighboring countries is the top national priority. Recent PPR outbreaks in Mongolia and other countries in the Middle East caused by a lineage IV virus represent a risk of transboundary emergence in neighboring countries, including China, Kazakhstan, and Russia. In the present study, we assessed the potency and safety of the ARRIAH live attenuated PPRV vaccine (lineage II) in Zaannen and Nubian goat breeds by challenging them with a virulent lineage IV Mongolia/2021 isolate. For comparison, two commercial vaccines of Nigeria75/1 strain were used. The ARRIAH-vaccinated animals showed an increase in body temperature of 1–1.5 °C above the physiological norm, similar to the animals vaccinated with Nigeria75/1 vaccines. In all vaccinated groups, the average rectal temperature never exceeded 39.4–39.7 °C throughout the infection period, and no clinical signs of the disease were observed, demonstrating vaccine efficacy and safety in the current experimental setting. However, the control group (mock vaccinated) challenged with Mongolia/2021 PPRV exhibited moderate-to-severe clinical signs. Overall, the findings of the present study demonstrate that the ARRIAH vaccine strain has a promising protective phenotype compared with Nigeria75/1 vaccines, suggesting its potential as an effective alternative for curbing and controlling PPR in affected countries. Although the ARRIAH vaccine against PPR is not currently endorsed by the World Organization for Animal Health due to its incomplete safety and potency profile, this study is the first step to provide experimentally validated data on the ARRIAH vaccine

Structure-Based Discovery of Inhibitors of the SARS-CoV‑2 Nsp14 N7-Methyltransferase

An under-explored target for SARS-CoV-2 is the S-adenosyl methionine (SAM)-dependent methyltransferase Nsp14, which methylates the N7-guanosine of viral RNA at the 5'-end, allowing the virus to evade host immune response. We sought new Nsp14 inhibitors with three large library docking strategies. First, up to 1.1 billion lead-like molecules were docked against the enzyme's SAM site, leading to three inhibitors with IC50 values from 6 to 50 μM. Second, docking a library of 16 million fragments revealed 9 new inhibitors with IC50 values from 12 to 341 μM. Third, docking a library of 25 million electrophiles to covalently modify Cys387 revealed 7 inhibitors with IC50 values from 3.5 to 39 μM. Overall, 32 inhibitors encompassing 11 chemotypes had IC50 values < 50 μM and 5 inhibitors in 4 chemotypes had IC50 values < 10 μM. These molecules are among the first non-SAM-like inhibitors of Nsp14, providing starting points for future optimization

Structure-based discovery of nonopioid analgesics acting through the α2A-adrenergic receptor.

Because nonopioid analgesics are much sought after, we computationally docked more than 301 million virtual molecules against a validated pain target, the α2A-adrenergic receptor (α2AAR), seeking new α2AAR agonists chemotypes that lack the sedation conferred by known α2AAR drugs, such as dexmedetomidine. We identified 17 ligands with potencies as low as 12 nanomolar, many with partial agonism and preferential Gi and Go signaling. Experimental structures of α2AAR complexed with two of these agonists confirmed the docking predictions and templated further optimization. Several compounds, including the initial docking hit '9087 [mean effective concentration (EC50) of 52 nanomolar] and two analogs, '7075 and PS75 (EC50 4.1 and 4.8 nanomolar), exerted on-target analgesic activity in multiple in vivo pain models without sedation. These newly discovered agonists are interesting as therapeutic leads that lack the liabilities of opioids and the sedation of dexmedetomidine

Development sheeting coverages under act of the power fields with improving corrosive firmness and wearproofness

Предметом дослідження даного проекту є нові захисні покриття з підвищеними експлуатаційними характеристиками. В проекті було вирішено наукову проблему створення нових модифікованих енергетичними полями композитних матеріалів для захисних покриттів з високими фізико-механічними, теплофізичними, антикорозійними характеристиками і зносостійкістю. Вирішення наукової проблеми було в дослідженні властивостей і науково-обґрунтованому керуванні процесами структуроутворення в результаті модифікування зв’язувача, наповнювача і композицій зовнішніми енергетичними полями, а також у встановленні закономірностей, механізмів та особливостей підвищення експлуатаційних характеристик композитів внаслідок поліпшення міжфазової взаємодії у процесі формування матеріалів під впливом зовнішніх полів