PRZEGLĄD PIŚMIENNICTWA

Męskość - kobiecość w perspektywie indywidualnej i kulturowej, pod red. Jolanty Miluskiej i Pawła Boskiego, Wydawnictwo Instytutu Psychologii PAN, Warszawa 1999, ss. 258

The effectiveness of tofacitinib, a novel Janus kinase inhibitor, in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis : a systematic review and meta-analysis

The aim of the present study was to conduct a meta-analysis of the effectiveness of tofacitinib, a novel oral Janus kinase inhibitor, recently approved for the treatment of active rheumatoid arthritis in patients who have failed previous treatment with methotrexate (MTX) or other disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs). A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and other databases till 3 May 2013. All included studies were analyzed with the use of the Review Manager 5.1.0. software according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) Statement protocol. Nine randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing tofacitinib with placebo were identified. Two of them additionally provided the comparison with adalimumab. However, only eight RCTs met the inclusion criteria for the meta-analysis. The overall results of the meta-analysis showed that tofacitinib provided a statistically significant improvement according to the response criteria (ACR20/50/70) after 12 weeks of treatment when compared to placebo (p < 0.00001). Moreover, it was demonstrated that tofacitinib was significantly superior to adalimumab in achieving the ACR50 response criteria at week 12 (p = 0.003). For the safety analysis, there were no statistically significant differences between tofacitinib-, adalimumab-, and placebo-treated patients in respect to the risk of serious adverse events or treatment discontinuation due to adverse reactions (p > 0.05). The findings of this systematic review with meta-analysis indicate that tofacitinib monotherapy or with background methotrexate provides early statistically significant and clinically important improvement in rheumatoid arthritis symptoms and has an acceptable safety profile comparable to that of placebo. The results of the present meta-analysis show that the frequency of serious adverse events was not increased after tofacitinib treatment. In addition, tofacitinib might provide an effective treatment option compared to intravenous or subcutaneous biological DMARDs, as suggested by the result of the comparison made regarding tofacitinib vs. adalimumab ACR50 response rate

Tumor necrosis factor-α antibodies (infliximab, adalimumab and certolizumab) in Crohn's disease : systematic review and meta-analysis

Introduction: This meta-analysis compares the effectiveness and safety of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) antibodies (infliximab, adalimumab and certolizumab) with either a placebo or each of them in the treatment of Crohn’s disease (CD). Material and methods: A systematic review of literature published up to November 2012 was performed and a meta-analysis of identified studies was carried out. We searched the following databases: PubMed, EMBASE, The Cochrane Library and others. Only randomized or clinical controlled trials were included. Results: Nineteen clinical trials fulfilled the established criteria (5 studies for infliximab vs. placebo, 6 for each adalimumab or certolizumab vs. placebo and 2 comparing infliximab with adalimumab). The results of meta-analysis showed that anti-TNF therapy in patients with CD is safe and statistically significantly more effective when compared with the placebo for induction of remission at week 4 (RB = 1.90, 95% CI: 1.55-2.33, p < 0.00001), maintenance of remission at weeks 20-30 (RB = 1.86, 95% CI: 1.61-2.15, p < 0.00001) and at weeks 48-56 (RB = 2.75, 95% CI: 2.13–3.54, p < 0.00001) in patients who responded to the induction therapy and patients randomized before the induction. Anti-TNF agents were also superior to the placebo in fistula healing (during short-term induction, as well as long-term maintenance) and inducing CR-70 but not CR-100 at week 4. Moreover, the anti-TNF therapy had a significant effect on achieving both CR-70 and CR-100 during long-term maintenance. Conclusions: Infliximab, adalimumab and certolizumab are effective as both induction and maintenance therapy in moderate to severe Crohn’s disease in adults, including patients with fistulas. The safety profile was acceptableIntroduction: This meta-analysis compares the effectiveness and safety of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) antibodies (infliximab, adalimumab and certolizumab) with either a placebo or each of them in the treatment of Crohn’s disease (CD). Material and methods: A systematic review of literature published up to November 2012 was performed and a meta-analysis of identified studies was carried out. We searched the following databases: PubMed, EMBASE, The Cochrane Library and others. Only randomized or clinical controlled trials were included. Results: Nineteen clinical trials fulfilled the established criteria (5 studies for infliximab vs. placebo, 6 for each adalimumab or certolizumab vs. placebo and 2 comparing infliximab with adalimumab). The results of meta-analysis showed that anti-TNF therapy in patients with CD is safe and statistically significantly more effective when compared with the placebo for induction of remission at week 4 (RB = 1.90, 95% CI: 1.55-2.33, p < 0.00001), maintenance of remission at weeks 20-30 (RB = 1.86, 95% CI: 1.61-2.15, p < 0.00001) and at weeks 48-56 (RB = 2.75, 95% CI: 2.13–3.54, p < 0.00001) in patients who responded to the induction therapy and patients randomized before the induction. Anti-TNF agents were also superior to the placebo in fistula healing (during short-term induction, as well as long-term maintenance) and inducing CR-70 but not CR-100 at week 4. Moreover, the anti-TNF therapy had a significant effect on achieving both CR-70 and CR-100 during long-term maintenance. Conclusions: Infliximab, adalimumab and certolizumab are effective as both induction and maintenance therapy in moderate to severe Crohn’s disease in adults, including patients with fistulas. The safety profile was acceptabl

Otwarte dane medyczne – morze potencjału, ocean wyzwań

Budowana przez polskie biblioteki medyczne, przy wykorzystaniu środków unijnych, Polska Platforma Medyczna – portal zarządzania wiedzą i potencjałem badawczym (PPM) wpisuje się w realizację zaleceń Komisji Europejskiej w zakresie tworzenia zasobów otwartej nauki. Celem referatu jest przedstawienie na podstawie przeprowadzonych badań ankietowych postaw i przekonań naukowców z instytucji partnerskich wobec otwartych danych medycznych. Postawy te są bowiem kluczowe w podejmowaniu indywidualnych decyzji o otwarciu danych i udzieleniu licencji na ich ponowne wykorzystanie

Opóźniona funkcja przeszczepu po transplantacji nerki

Jednym z istotnych wczesnych powikłań po przeszczepieniu nerki jest opóźniona funkcja przeszczepu (DGF). Brak jednoznacznej definicji DGF, mnogość czynników związanych z dawcą i biorcą narządu, a także zależnych od samego zabiegu transplantacji sprawiają, że jest to złożony problem kliniczny. W niniejszym artykule przedstawiono przegląd piśmiennictwa opisującego problem wczesnych powikłań po transplantacji nerki i ich wpływ na dalsze przeżycie przeszczepionego narządu

Renalaza — działanie, aspekty kliniczne i potencjał terapeutyczny

Renalase is a small protein with a well-known structure, but a controversial mechanism of action. Due to its structure and properties, it was initially indicated that it is an enzyme similar to monoamine oxidases. Subsequent studies have shown that protective, systemic effects are probably not associated with enzymatic activity, but with participation in cell signaling. Its protective role has been demonstrated for such organs as kidneys, heart and pancreas, however, due to its cytoprotective properties, it has also been shown to promote the formation and development of tumors. Based on animal models, the efficacy of renalase administration in diminishing the adverse effects of damage, hypoxia or inflammation has been demonstrated. At the same time, inhibition of renalase gene or the use of specific antibodies blocking its action promoted inhibition of tumor growth and improvement of patients’ overall survival. Renalase may therefore be an effective therapeutic agent, with the occurrence of cancer appearing to be a significant contraindication to its use.Renalaza to niewielkie białko o dobrze poznanej budowie, lecz dyskusyjnym mechanizmie działania. Ze względu na jej strukturę i właściwości początkowo wskazywano, że jest enzymem o działaniu zbliżonym do monoaminooksydaz. Kolejne badania wykazały, że jej ochronne, ogólnoustrojowe działanie prawdopodobnie nie ma związku z aktywnością enzymatyczną, lecz z uczestnictwem w sygnalizacji komórkowej. Ochronną rolę renalazy wykazano wobec takich narządów, jak m.in. nerki, serce i trzustka, jednak z uwagi na jej właściwości cytoprotekcyjne okazała się także sprzyjać powstawaniu i rozwojowi niektórych nowotworów. Opierając się na modelach zwierzęcych, wykazano skuteczność podawania preparatów renalazy w łagodzeniu niekorzystnych skutków uszkodzenia, niedotlenienia czy stanu zapalnego. Jednocześnie w przypadku nowotworów hamowanie renalazy na poziomie genu bądź stosowanie specyficznych przeciwciał blokujących jej działanie sprzyjało zahamowaniu rozrostu nowotworu i poprawie ogólnego czasu przeżycia chorych. Renalaza może się zatem okazać skutecznym środkiem terapeutycznym, przy czym występowanie nowotworów wydaje się istotnym przeciwwskazaniem do jej stosowania

Development of chemical tools to monitor human Kallikrein 13 (KLK13) activity

Kallikrein 13 (KLK13) was first identified as an enzyme that is downregulated in a subset of breast tumors. This serine protease has since been implicated in a number of pathological processes including ovarian, lung and gastric cancers. Here we report the design, synthesis and deconvolution of libraries of internally quenched fluorogenic peptide substrates to determine the specificity of substrate binding subsites of KLK13 in prime and non-prime regions (according to the Schechter and Berger convention). The substrate with the consensus sequential motive ABZ-Val-Arg-Phe-Arg-ANB-NH2 demonstrated selectivity towards KLK13 and was successfully converted into an activity-based probe by the incorporation of a chloromethylketone warhead and biotin bait. The compounds described may serve as suitable tools to detect KLK13 activity in diverse biological samples, as exemplified by overexpression experiments and targeted labeling of KLK13 in cell lysates and saliva. In addition, we describe the development of selective activity-based probes targeting KLK13, to our knowledge the first tool to analyze the presence of the active enzyme in biological samples

Argumentative operators as linguistic mechanism of the argumentation used in Instagram: the case of #studygram accounts.

En el artículo se presentarán los operadores argumentativos aplicados en el lenguaje de las cuentas #studygram en la aplicación móvil Instagram. Este mecanismo se analizará a partir de las bases de la teoría de la argumentación en la lengua y de los operadores discursivos, prestando atención a los aspectos tanto cuantitativos como cualitativos. Se mostrarán como ilustración del fenómeno algunos ejemplos concretos extraídos de los posts publicados en las cuentas #studygram entre el 10 y el 23 de agosto de 2020.The article will present the argumentative operators applied in the language of the #studygram accounts in the Instagram mobile application. This mechanism will be analyzed on the basis of the theory of argumentation in language and of discursive operators, paying attention to both quantitative and qualitative aspects. As an illustration of the phenomenon, some specific examples taken from the posts published in the #studygram accounts between August 10 and 23, 2020 will be shown

PRZEGLĄD PIŚMIENNICTWA

Męskość - kobiecość w perspektywie indywidualnej i kulturowej, pod red. Jolanty Miluskiej i Pawła Boskiego, Wydawnictwo Instytutu Psychologii PAN, Warszawa 1999, ss. 258