Tables as protocol for mass tests input in the Latin and other languages teacher’s personal information system interface: integrated technology for Word, Excel, Quizlet, Gift and Moodle

Under investigation is the combined use of the LMS MOODLE and special language teaching tools like QUIZLET. The core is the task of unification of the mass tests format and their import into LMS. The initial form of test arrays are WORD lists or EXCEL spreadsheets. The table structure of the AIST interface is proposed. The automated process of arrays converting from WORD and EXCEL tables to GIFT files for import into the MOODLE and QUIZLET is described. Shown that the use of the tabular interface makes anyone possible to implement an effective technology of mass test import into various language LMS

Mapping the Neural Substrates of Recent and Remote Visual Imprinting Memory in the Chick Brain

Social attachment formed by filial imprinting in newborn chicks undergoes a process of memory consolidation that involves rearrangement of its neural storage substrates. In the first 3 h after imprinting it depends on the integrity of the intermediate medial mesopallium (IMM) and beyond that time on unidentified memory storage structures dubbed S’. To search for the S’ memory system in the chick brain, we mapped and compared patterns of activity induced by retrieval of filial attachment memory before and after this critical transition. Chicks were trained in the visual imprinting task, and their memory was reactivated by imprinting stimulus either 1 h (recent memory retrieval) or 24 h (remote memory retrieval) after the completion of training. Patterns of brain activity were mapped by in situ hybridization to mRNA of an immediate early gene c-fos. We also mapped c-fos expression induced by the first presentation of the imprinting stimulus. Memory retrieval triggered massive c-fos expression in the chick brain both 1 and 24 h after the end of training. These activity patterns mostly coincided with the c-fos expression induced by the first presentation of imprinting stimulus. However, in the hippocampus c-fos induction was observed only after the first exposure to imprinting stimulus but not after memory retrieval. In the IMM, medio-rostral nidopallium/mesopallium, and hyperpallium densocellulare c-fos activation was induced by retrieval of only the remote but not of the recent memory. These c-fos mapping data point to the candidate brain structures for systems reorganization of imprinting memory in chicks

Technology Platforms as an Efficient Tool to Modernize Russia's Economy

There is an urgent need to consider the dynamic development of the global economy from the point of view of its positive impact on competitiveness improvement in national manufacturing industries, and the best ways to modernize the country economy. The purpose of the paper is to provide with perspectives for development of instruments related to technology platforms within the framework of innovation management and adapted to the conditions of Russia's economic reality. The major method in studying this issue is mathematical economic modeling which has made it possible to facilitate expediency in determining a technology platform as an effective innovation control instrument.  The paper considers European and Russian experience in deploying technology platforms, and identifies national features characteristic to the performance of the innovation management instrument.  A mathematical economic model is used for justifying the efficiency of introducing technology platforms into Russian institutional innovation system. The practical significance of results and conclusions is in its ability to improve the mechanisms of developing and implementing federal and regional innovation development programs, development of the innovation infrastructure, stimulation of the innovation activity, use of a set of technology platform instruments by public authorities.  Keywords: technology platforms, innovative development, modernization, triple helix. JEL Classifications: C02, C18, O2

Sex difference and intra-operative tidal volume: Insights from the LAS VEGAS study

BACKGROUND: One key element of lung-protective ventilation is the use of a low tidal volume (VT). A sex difference in use of low tidal volume ventilation (LTVV) has been described in critically ill ICU patients.OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to determine whether a sex difference in use of LTVV also exists in operating room patients, and if present what factors drive this difference.DESIGN, PATIENTS AND SETTING: This is a posthoc analysis of LAS VEGAS, a 1-week worldwide observational study in adults requiring intra-operative ventilation during general anaesthesia for surgery in 146 hospitals in 29 countries.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Women and men were compared with respect to use of LTVV, defined as VT of 8 ml kg-1 or less predicted bodyweight (PBW). A VT was deemed 'default' if the set VT was a round number. A mediation analysis assessed which factors may explain the sex difference in use of LTVV during intra-operative ventilation.RESULTS: This analysis includes 9864 patients, of whom 5425 (55%) were women. A default VT was often set, both in women and men; mode VT was 500 ml. Median [IQR] VT was higher in women than in men (8.6 [7.7 to 9.6] vs. 7.6 [6.8 to 8.4] ml kg-1 PBW, P < 0.001). Compared with men, women were twice as likely not to receive LTVV [68.8 vs. 36.0%; relative risk ratio 2.1 (95% CI 1.9 to 2.1), P < 0.001]. In the mediation analysis, patients' height and actual body weight (ABW) explained 81 and 18% of the sex difference in use of LTVV, respectively; it was not explained by the use of a default VT.CONCLUSION: In this worldwide cohort of patients receiving intra-operative ventilation during general anaesthesia for surgery, women received a higher VT than men during intra-operative ventilation. The risk for a female not to receive LTVV during surgery was double that of males. Height and ABW were the two mediators of the sex difference in use of LTVV.TRIAL REGISTRATION: The study was registered at Clinicaltrials.gov, NCT01601223

Cross-country analysis by the level of transport Market development and its adaptation to changing Russian economic conditions

The aim of the study is the process of formation of strategic stability in Russia. In today's competitive environment with the transition to import substitution, the commercial sector of the economy needs to be modernized. In order to ensure the efficiency of the functioning of the commercial sector of the economy (in Russia, the commercial sector of the economy accounts for 82% of all enterprises and organizations), it is proposed to strengthen business reputation — the development of service-oriented business processes for the commercial sector of the Russian economy in the context of strengthening industry 4.0–4.1 on a single platform. As a tool, it is proposed to conduct monitoring according to unified balanced indicators for a more transparent vision of the economy of Russian enterprises and industries. The prospect of the research is the study of specific tools and aspects, which is a kind of reflection of the current trends, which in any case expect a targeted and modern approach, namely, it will serve to take prompt anti-crisis measures by top managers to save Russian enterprises from bankruptcy at any stage of their life cycle and transition of the national economy into an innovative and productive inclusive one. The article is of interest to specialists in the field of regional and municipal management, for researchers, lecturers, graduate students, undergraduates and students economic and managerial universities

Problem of domestic violence: international scope and national perspectives on legislative resolution

The authors seek to form a theoretical basis for the Russian legislator creating legislation against domestic violence by comparing the theoretical and legislative ideas implemented in different countries in creating such special legislation. The purpose of the study is to analyze the Russian theoretical resource on the problem of intrafamily violence to identify the “missing links” in the doctrinal study of the problem and dogmatic qualification of relations arising in such violence. In an attempt to change the existing trajectory of this type of substantive research, the authors address domestic violence prevention using interdisciplinary and systemic approaches involving the methods of analysis, generalization, formal logic, hermeneutics, and comparison. Based on the study results, the authors conclude that conceptual problems of domestic violence do not fit into the thematic framework of family law science. To develop an adequate law concept on the prevention of domestic violence and the protection of its victims, the system of source studies must include not only the views of representatives of family law science but also the surrounding sciences

Inhibition of a transcriptional pause by RNA Anchoring to RNA polymerase

We describe a mechanism by which nascent RNA inhibits transcriptional pausing. PutL RNA of bacteriophage HK022 suppresses transcription termination at downstream terminators and pausing within a nearby U-rich sequence. In vitro transcription and footprinting assays reveal that this pausing results from backtracking of RNA polymerase and that binding of nascent putL RNA to polymerase limits backtracking by restricting re-entry of the transcript into the RNA exit channel. The restriction is local and relaxes as the transcript elongates. Our results suggest that putL RNA binds to the surface of polymerase close to the RNA exit channel, a region that includes amino acid residues important for antitermination. Although binding is essential for antipausing and antitermination, these two activities of put differ: antipausing is limited to the immediate vicinity of the putL site, but antitermination is not. We propose that RNA anchoring to the elongation complex is a widespread mechanism of pause regulation