Antibacterial Activity of Aqueous Extracts of Anacyclus Pyrethrum (L) Link and Corrigiola Telephiifolia Pourr. From the Middle Atlas Region-Morocco

Aqueous extracts of Corrigiola telephiifolia and Anacyclus pyrethrum were studied in vitro for their antimicrobial properties. These plants were collected from the Central Middle Atlas region. Corrigiola telephiifolia Pourr. and Anacyclus pyrethrum (L.) Link are widely used as a natural drug for the treatment of various infectious diseases. Phytochemical screening of the plants showed the presence of flavonoids, saponins, tannins, steroids and alkaloids. The determination of the polyphenols in the aqueous extract of the two plants revealed the presence of significant amounts of polyphenols (58.5 ± 0.76 mg equivalent of gallic acid (GEA) per gram of extract for C. telephiifolia, and 97.57 mg equivalent of gallic acid (GEA) per gram of extract of A. pyrethrum). The antimicrobial activity of the aqueous extracts against three bacterial strains was evaluated on the basis of the inhibition zone using the disk diffusion assay. The aqueous extract of Corrigiola telephiifolia is slightly active on E. coli. At a concentration of extract 100 μg mL-1, the size of the inhibition zone equal to 9 ± 0.06 mm. Whereas S. aureus, E. coli and K. pneumoniae showed a sensitivity to the macerate of Anacyclus pyrethrum at the concentration 100 μg mL-1 of extract with an inhibition zone 16.55 ± 0.6 mm, 14.95 ± 1.25 mm and 10.83 ± 0.96 respectively

APERÇU SUR LES ACACIAS SPONTANES ET INTRODUITS AU MAROC

Acacias are spectacular angiosperms grouping single canapy species to those tropical forests which have many important features. It increases soil fertility and enables nitrogen fixation. It can also be used as species adapted. In this work, we provide a global overview on spontaneous and introduced Acacia in Morocco. Then, we focus on its taxonomy and the diversity of its origine. Acacia plays a great role in reforestation development program and in the fight against desertification which give him a very important socioeconomic and environemental value

Activite Antifongique Des Extraits Aqueux De Calendula Officinalis L, Urginea Maritima (L.) Baker Et Chenopodium Ambrosioides L.

Fungi are the cause of many human, animal and plant diseases. In the context of valorization of aromatic and medicinal plants of the Central Middle Atlas of Morocco, three plants were selected, based on the results of an ethnobotanical survey in this region, to evaluate their antifungal activity against five Fungi, namely Fusarium oxysporum sp. albedinis, Alternaria sp, Penicillium expansum, Aspergillus brasiliensis and Rhizopus stolonifer. A quantification of the total polyphenols was mesured out for the aqueous extracts of the studied plants Urginea maritima (L.) Baker of the Liliaceae family, Chenopodium ambrosoides L. of the Chenopodiaceae Family and Calendula officinalis L of the Asteraceae family, to choose the form in which the tests will be performed. According to the results, Aspergillus brasiliensis was found sensitive to the macerate of Urginea maritima (L.) Baker at a concentration of 10.71 mg / ml. The percent of inhibition (PI) of mycelial growth was 43.33%. At the same concentration, Fusarium oxysporum showed a slight sensitivity with PI = 19.25%. Furthermore the Chenopodium ambrosoides L decoctate was active against Aspergillus brasiliensis, Alternaria sp and Fusarium oxysporum with PI respectively equal to 41.11%, 40.37% and 27.77%. However, the infusion of Calendula officinalis L showed no effect on the strains tested

Etude Phytochimique Et Activité Antibactérienne De Deux Espèces De Lavande Autochtones Au Maroc : «Lavandula stoechas L. et Lavandula dentata L.»

In the present work, the aim is to compare the chemical composition and antibacterial activity of two lavender Species "Lavandula stoechas L." and "Lavandula dentata L.", belonging to wild flora of Morocco. Thus, a phytochemical screening was performed on the aerial part of invested plants, and no qualitative difference was detected between the studied species. Indeed, both contain catechin and gallic tannins, flavonoids (anthocyanins, flavones and catechols), sterols and triterpenes, in addition to combined anthracene compounds (C-glycosides). Whereas, the dosage of crude aqueous extracts showed that the contents of secondary metabolites, such as polyphenols, flavonoids and total and condensed tannins were higher in L. dentata. Also, the essential oils of the aerial part, obtained by hydrodistillation gave higher yields in L. dentata than L. stoechas. Finally, antibacterial activity tests were performed on four strains of bacterial pathogens (Staphylococcus aureus "Gram+," and Escherichia coli; Klebsiella pneumoniae and Proteus mirabilis which are Gram -) with both essential oils and crude aqueous extracts. The results obtained showed that essential oils have a powerful effect, particularly that of L. dentata on S. aureus, with an inhibition diameter about 30 mm. The crude extracts showed moderate antibacterial activity against Gram - and had no effect on Gram +

Composition Chimique Et Activité Antimicrobienne Des Huiles Essentielles De Deux Espèces De Lavande : Lavandula Dentata Spp. Dentata Et Lavandula Peduncultata Spp. Pedunculata

The aim of the present work is to compare the chemical composition, antibacterial and antifungal activity of two spontaneous species of lavender "Lavandula stoechas L." and "Lavandula dentata L." in Morocco. A phytochemical screening was performed on the aerial part of invested plants. The qualitative variation was revealed in the secondary metabolites of the species studied. Subsequently, the dosage of the crude organic extracts showed that the polyphenol content was higher in the methanol fraction, with an important yield in L. dentata. Also, the essential oils of the aerial part, obtained by hydrodistillation gave higher yields in L. dentata than L. pedunculata. Finally, tests of the antibacterial and antifungal activity of the essential oils of the two species were performed on four strains of bacterial pathogens (Staphylococcus aureus "Gram+," and Escherichia coli; Klebsiella pneumoniae and Proteus mirabilis which are Gram-), and three phytopathogenic fungi : Rhizopus stolonifer, Aspergillus brasiliensis and Penicillium expansum, The results obtained showed that the essential oil of L. dentata showed a strong antibacterial activity against the studied strains, particularly against S. aureus. While the antifungal activity revealed that L. pedunculata has a remarkable antifungal power against the fungi tested in comparison with L. dentata

APERÇU SUR LES ACACIAS SPONTANES ET INTRODUITS AU MAROC

Acacias are spectacular angiosperms grouping single canapy species to those tropical forests which have many important features. It increases soil fertility and enables nitrogen fixation. It can also be used as species adapted. In this work, we provide a global overview on spontaneous and introduced Acacia in Morocco. Then, we focus on its taxonomy and the diversity of its origine. Acacia plays a great role in reforestation development program and in the fight against desertification which give him a very important socioeconomic and environemental value

Unlocking the potential of faba bean in Moroccan agriculture: a review- from research to perspective

The world's growing population and the need for food security require rigorous research and development towards climate change-resilient agroecosystems and a major shift toward grain legumes. Faba bean is an important crop in Morocco, providing an essential source of vegetable protein for both humans and livestock with outstanding agronomic, nutritional, and environmental properties. In this review, we present an overview of faba bean crops, including their history, botany, production, importance, and main biotic and abiotic constraints, as well as state-of-theart scientific research on faba bean in Morocco. We also propose insights as future strategies to unlock the potential of faba bean in Moroccan agriculture. Despite its numerous benefits, the cultivation of Vicia faba varieties faces several challenges, including low yield, weeds, pests, disease problems, and climate change. To fully realize the potential of faba bean, there are opportunities for future crop development, including genetic improvement, sustainable intensification, market development, and climate-smart agriculture. Increased investment in research and development, extension services, and infrastructure, as well as constructive agricultural policy strategies, is necessary to increase the number of pulses in various Moroccan cropping systems. By unlocking the potential of faba bean, Morocco can ensure future food and feed security and contribute to the sustainable development of its agricultural sector

Dénombrement Des Populations Naturelles De Rhizobium Du Pois Chiche (Cicer Arietinum) Dans Différents Sols Du Maroc

For the legumes cultivation, the presence of specific Rhizobium in the soil is very necessary in fact a minimum number of bacteria is essential to obtain a good nodulation. The formula used for the count of Rhizobia in soil is the most probable number (MPN) method. For this purpose, four cultivation systems were used: d1, d2, d3 and d4. The soils of the all studied regions have a natural population of Rhizobium sp cicer. The size of this population is determined by the MPN method. This has been attributed to the use of plant growth systems. The result have shown that just the cultivation system d1 will be considered to realize such studies even that this system have shown some failure. Moreover, the MPN method failed on the evaluation of the rhizobia population hence the need to find a new specialized method

ETUDE ETHNOBOTANIQUE AU MOYEN ATLAS CENTRAL

The present study should be set in the frame work of valorization of medical plant and traditional knowledge’s from middle Atlas of Morocco. Using 1047 survey forms ethnobotanical study was conducted during seven months (january- july 2013) in the seven city (Meknès, Elhajeb, Azrou, Ifrane, Khénifra, Mrirt and Timehdit), this phase revealed the occurrence of 125 medicinal species which are divided into 50 families and 111 genera, with a dominance of Asteraceae. Also species with very high frequency of use are Akir karha (Anacyclus pyrethrum DC.) (4.41%), Bereztam (Aristolochia longa L.) (3.07%), Hariga (Urtica sp) (2.97%), Serguina (Corrigiola telephiifolia L.) (2.87%). The leaves are the most used part (39.3%) and the majority of remedies are prepared as a decoction (44%). In terms of the treated disease, disorders of the digestive system ranks first with a rate of 29.31%% with Bereztam (Aristolochia paucinervis Pomel.) et Carum carvi