Histopathological image analysis : a review

Over the past decade, dramatic increases in computational power and improvement in image analysis algorithms have allowed the development of powerful computer-assisted analytical approaches to radiological data. With the recent advent of whole slide digital scanners, tissue histopathology slides can now be digitized and stored in digital image form. Consequently, digitized tissue histopathology has now become amenable to the application of computerized image analysis and machine learning techniques. Analogous to the role of computer-assisted diagnosis (CAD) algorithms in medical imaging to complement the opinion of a radiologist, CAD algorithms have begun to be developed for disease detection, diagnosis, and prognosis prediction to complement the opinion of the pathologist. In this paper, we review the recent state of the art CAD technology for digitized histopathology. This paper also briefly describes the development and application of novel image analysis technology for a few specific histopathology related problems being pursued in the United States and Europe

Multi-resolution cell orientation congruence descriptors for epithelium segmentation in endometrial histology images

It has been recently shown that recurrent miscarriage can be caused by abnormally high ratio of number of uterine natural killer (UNK) cells to the number of stromal cells in human female uterus lining. Due to high workload, the counting of UNK and stromal cells needs to be automated using computer algorithms. However, stromal cells are very similar in appearance to epithelial cells which must be excluded in the counting process. To exclude the epithelial cells from the counting process it is necessary to identify epithelial regions. There are two types of epithelial layers that can be encountered in the endometrium: luminal epithelium and glandular epithelium. To the best of our knowledge, there is no existing method that addresses the segmentation of both types of epithelium simultaneously in endometrial histology images. In this paper, we propose a multi-resolution Cell Orientation Congruence (COCo) descriptor which exploits the fact that neighbouring epithelial cells exhibit similarity in terms of their orientations. Our experimental results show that the proposed descriptors yield accurate results in simultaneously segmenting both luminal and glandular epithelium

Gambaran Infestasi Ascaris Lumbricoides Dan Trichuris Trichiura Pada Murid Kelas I, II, Dan III SD Negeri 45 Di Lingkungan Pembuatan Batu Bata Kecamatan Tenayan Raya Kota Pekanbaru

Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichuris trichiura are part of Soil Transmitted Helminthes (STH) which need gristle soil for it's egg development and maturation as well as media to be infective. The aim of this research was to describe the infestation of Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichuris trichiura on elementary students grade I, II, and III SDN 45 in brick made home industry Kecamatan Tenayan Raya Pekanbaru. This research was cross sectional descriptive study which was done in August 2013. From 83 samples, 20 students (24%) are infested with Ascaris lumbricoides, 17 students (20.4%) are infested with Trichuris trichiura and 6 students (7.2%) are having mix infestation. Infected students have poor washing hand habits in their house 25 students (30.1%), 34 students (40.9%) have poor washing hand habits before eat junkfood. Meanwhile infected students have good cutting nail habits 30 students (36.1%) and good defecating habits 29 students (34.9%). These results indicate that the STH infestation influenced not only one habit but also influenced by other habits

Conservation Laws in a First Order Dynamical System of Vortices

Gauge invariant conservation laws for the linear and angular momenta are studied in a certain 2+1 dimensional first order dynamical model of vortices in superconductivity. In analogy with fluid vortices it is possible to express the linear and angular momenta as low moments of vorticity. The conservation laws are compared with those obtained in the moduli space approximation for vortex dynamics.Comment: LaTex file, 16 page

Faktor-faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Pengungkapan Tanggung Jawab Sosial Perusahaan Pada Perusahaan Manufaktur Yang Terdaftar Di Bei Tahun 2014

This study aims to investigate the influence of company size, profitability, board size, firm age on the disclosure of corporate social responsibility. The sample used in this research is manufacturing companies listed on the Stock Exchange in 2014. The data used in this research is secondary data. The collection of data by the method of documentation, which is a means used to obtain data in the form of annual reports published by the companies sampled in the period 2014 on the website of the Stock Exchange (www.idx.co.id) by tracking the company\u27s annual report were selected to be sampled research. As a guide then use the check-list or a list of questions yangt contains items responsibility disclosure sosial.Metode analysis of this study using multiple regression analysis using SPSS version 20.0. The results of this study indicate that the independent variables company size, profitability, board size has no significant effect on the disclosure of corporate social responsibility at a significant level (α)> 0.05, whereas the life of a significant effect on the disclosure of corporate social responsibility at the (α ) <0.05. Results ajusted R-Square-test of independent variables on the dependent variable was 42.1% While the remaining 57.9% is influenced by other variables not examined in this study

Pengaruh Leverage dan Corporate Governance terhadap Tax Avoidance (Studi Empiris pada Perusahaan Manufaktur yang Terdaftar di Bei Periode Tahun 2010-2013)

The purpose of this research is to find out the effect of leverage and corporate governance on tax avoidance. This research was conducted at the manufactur companies listed on the Stock Exchange in the observation period 2010-2013. Sampling method used was purposive sampling method with a sample of 11 companies during the observation period of 4 years in a row for a total of 44 samples. The results of this study indicate that the institutional ownership has significant value 0,000 and a positive effect on tax avoidance, while the intensity of the audit committe meetings has significant value 0,032 and a negative effect on tax avoidance. Leverage, percentage of independent commissioner and audit quality has no significant effect on tax avoidance. Based on total adjusted R-Square results proved that on the variable leverage, institutional ownership, percentage of independent commissioner, the intensity of the audit committe meetings and audit quality effect on tax avoidance results of 49.4% while the rest of 50,6% were affected by other variables that were not performed in this study

EEG pattern of cognitive activities for non dyslexia (engineering student) due to different gender

The purpose of this study is to identify the electroencephalogram (EEG) pattern of male and female engineering student during the cognitive activity. EEG is a method to monitoring electrical activity in the brain and has four main brainwave signal Delta Wave, Theta Wave, Alpha Wave and Beta Wave. Delta wave is a slow wave generated in deepest meditation, Theta Wave usually occurs in sleep, Alpha Wave dominant in calming, relaxing condition and Beta Wave dominant in wakeful condition. The raw data collected analysis using SPSS and Microsoft Excel to analysis the accuracy and the brainwave pattern between male and female. The average, standard derivation, correlation and Q-Q Plot are used to identify the EEG pattern between male and female during cognitive activity. Cognitive is one of the bloom taxonomy formulate for education activities. The process involves in decision making, understanding of information, attitudes and solving. Subjects are given a set of question to answer. A total of 24 students, 12 males and 12 female involve recording their EEG signal while answering the cognitive question by wearing the Emotive Insight device. All subjects are from UTHM engineering students. Data collected are focused in Alpha Wave and Beta wave which exist in when someone is in awaken condition. The difference between male and female brainwave during the cognitive activity can be observed from the analysis and discussion of the result. For future recommendation for this research is the number of subject can be increased to get more accurate data

The role of BIM in tackling obsolescence, climate change, and sustainability

Although the BIM technology is applicable to both new and existing buildings, it is arguably more established in the former than the latter. This is despite the fact that, in the UK alone, 70–80% of what has been built by 2010, is estimated to continue to exist for a number of decades to come: including the years 2020 and 2050 (the two main temporal deadlines in the Climate Change Act, 2008). In addition, this existing building stock is subject to obsolescence (both climate change-induced and non-climate change-associated) which in turn compromises sustainability. Thus, there are three notions that appear to be interwoven, i.e. Obsolescence, Climate Change, and Sustainability: the question is whether BIM can be exploited to address these. There has been only limited research work to explore the possible influence of BIM upon obsolescence, climate change, and sustainability as individual issues,and none reported, to-date, in terms of an approach to their collective consideration. This paper conceptually explores how BIM can be related with all three crucial notions simultaneously as well as discretely. It is argued that such studies can be particularly valuable in the face of escalating pressures in terms of future obsolescence risks, overwhelming evidence of climate change, and escalating sustainability agendas. The paper reviews current work that relates state-of-the-art BIM to the three notions, both separately and collectively, and thereby delineates the potential for BIM to play a role in addressing the three issues simultaneously