Successful Treatment of Acute Aluminum Phosphide Poisoning by Aloe Vera Syrup: A Case Report

Background: Aluminum phosphide, known as rice pill in Iran, is a very effective pesticide for commercial and industrial ‎use. The high lethality of Aluminum phosphide is due to Phosphine gas (PH3) which is released by its ‎reaction with water. One of the most important properties of aluminum phosphide, which despite being ‎very lethal to almost all living creatures, still makes it one of the most widely used pesticides, is its very ‎high yield, ease of use, and, most importantly, the absence of residues in products after application; while ‎its exposure to the human body is associated with high mortality.‎Case Presentation: In this article, we reported the successful treatment of rice pill-induced poisoning in a 30-year-old man using a novel approach. Accordingly, we used sodium bicarbonate (50 ccs) and aloe vera syrup (1-2 L), followed by olive oil (150 cc olive oil was given every 2 hours).Conclusion: While numerous studies recommend observing patient conditions as the treatment approach, our presented case was a successful experience of treating acute aluminum phosphide poisoning

A Declining Trend of 'Leishmaniasis' Based on Previous Data in Larstan, South of Iran 2007–2017

Introduction: 'Cutaneous Leishmaniasis' is a unicellular of the Leishmania type, and 0.7 to 1.2 million people are annually infected by 'Cutaneous Leishmaniasis'. Larestan is one of the southern cities of Fars Province. Every year, some issues of 'Cutaneous Leishmaniasis' are reported from Larestan. This study aims to analyze the prevalence of 'Cutaneous Leishmaniasis' in Larestan from 2007 to 2017. Methodology: The present study is a cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study which is carried out in Larestan. The study population consists of those people who are infected by 'Cutaneous Leishmaniasis' during 2007 to 2017 and are referred to health care centers. The methodology and data collection are done based on the recorded information. Results: Among 4,965 'Cutaneous Leishmaniasis' infected patients who referred to health care centers of Larestan, 2407 patients (48.47%) are males and 2558 patients (51.53%) are females. In the ten-year time period of the study, 1,315 (26.6%) were infected to 'Cutaneous Leishmaniasis' in 2010. The maximum infected group consisted of 1,303 patients ranging from 0–5 years old, and the minimum infected group consisted of 90 patients ranging from 55–60 years old. Discussion: This study showed that female subjects were more polluted in Larestan city. There is also a significant relationship between age and 'cutaneous leishmaniasis'. Finally, it was found that the disease in the city of Larestan has been decreasing

The Relationship between the Results of Coagulation Profile and Severity of Pulmonary Involvement in COVID-19 Patients

Introduction: COVID-19 is currently a global pandemic, and coagulation-related mortality has been widely reported in patients suffering from it. Objective: this article aimed to investigate the coagulation profile of COVID-19 patients. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted using a retrospective research design. We recruited patients with COVID-19 admitted to a hospital from June 15th to July 7th, 2020. Upon patients' entering a blood sample was drawn from each patient for assessing patient’s coagulation profile (PT, PTT, INR, Platelet count); and a chest high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) scan was performed for each patient. The study patients were divided in to sever group (CO-RADS score 5) and non-sever group (CO-RADS score <5). Results: Thirty-six patients (20 males and 16 females) with a mean age of 54.7±17.5 years were studied. Of them, 11 cases (30.56%) had severe pulmonary involvement. Also, the coagulation profiles were longer in the severe group than non-sever group. As well, the means of platelet count that were 232.440 per microliter in the non-severe group and 289.180 per microliter in the severe and non-sever groups, respectively; but still not statistically significant (p>0.05). The Area under the ROC Curve (AUC) for PT and INR was 0.615 and 0.611, respectively. The AUC for platelet count was 0.680 (95% CI: 0.501 to 0.859) and had an acceptable discriminating power. Conclusions: In this study, we did not find any statistically significant relationship between the results of coagulation tests and the severity of pulmonary involvement according to HRCT scan findings in COVID-19 patients. But further analyses suggest that, except PTT, the other coagulation tests (PT, INR, and platelet count) may discriminate severe COVID-19 patients

Gender Differences in COVID-19 Deceased Cases in Jahrom City, South of Iran

Objective: To evaluate the clinical and epidemiological features of deceased patients and comparing the discrepancies between male and female patients based on high prevalence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), its irreversible effects and the rising mortality rate in Jahrom city. Methods: This is a descriptive-analytical retrospective study that was conducted from the beginning of March 2020 to the end of November 2020. The study population were included all patients with COVID-19 who admitted to Peymaniyeh Hospital in Jahrom and died of COVID-19. Clinical and demographic data were collected from medical records and analyzed by SPSS software. Results: In this study, 61 patients (57.54%) were men and 45 patients (42.36%) were women. The mean age was 68.7±18.33 in men and 68.82±14.24 in women. The mean hospitalization length was 9.69±7.75 days in men and 9.69±7.75 days in women patients. There was no statistically significant difference between men and women patients (p>0.05). The results showed that 17 (27.87%) men and 28 (45.9%) of women patients had hypertension and the prevalence of this disease was significantly higher in women than men (p=0.01). In this study, 7 (11.48%) men and 13 (21.31%) women had hyperlipidemia. The frequency of hyperlipidemia in women caseswas significantly higher than in men patients (p=0.024). Men cases’ diastolic blood pressure (mean=77.53) was significantly higher than women’s diastolic blood pressure at the same time with a mean of 71.42 (p <0.05). Conclusion: The findings of the study represented the mortality rate in men which is higher than women patients. The prevalence of underlying diseases such as hypertension and hyperlipidemia were higher in women than men. Despite higher mortality among women, symptoms such as fever and dyspnea were less common in women than men

SIMULTANEOUS SELECTION OF MOST STABLE AND HIGH YIELDING GENOTYPES IN BREEDING PROGRAMS BY NONPARAMETRIC METHODS

Explaining genotype by environment (GE) interaction is important in breedingprograms because environmental effects are very often greater than genotypiceffects in multi-environment trials. Statistical methods that select for high yield andstability have been proposed, but have not been compared for their usefulnessespecially for nonparametric methods. We compared fourteen nonparametricmethods used for analyzing GE interaction at a set of experimental lentil data (11genotypes at 20 environments). Nonparametric methods consist of six Huehn’sstatistics (S1, S2, S3, S4, S5 and S6), four Thennarasu’s statistics (NP1, NP2, NP3and NP4), tow Sabaghnia’s statistics (NS1 and NS2), Kang’s RS andnonparametric method of Fox et al. (1990). Considering mean yield versusnonparametric stability values via their plotting in a plot, indicated four differentsections as A, B, C and D. The genotype fall in the section D were the mostfavorable genotypes due to high mean yield as well as high stability performance.Plot of the most nonparametric methods showed that genotypes G1 (1.21 t ha-1), G2(1.34 t ha-1) and G5 (1.38 t ha-1) were the most favorable genotypes and so thesegenotypes considered both yield and stability simultaneously. Although, most ofthe nonparametric methods have static (biological) concept of stability and measurethe real concept of stability but plotting them versus mean yield and selecting thegenotypes of section D, could identify relatively the high mean yield genotypes asthe most stable ones

Moral laxity:the cognitive gap between true and pseudo corporate social responsibility

Abstract Purpose: To succeed in today’s dynamic and unpredictable business world, businesses are increasingly required to gain the trust of and inform the society in which they operate about the social and environmental consequences of their actions. Corporations’ claims regarding the responsibility and ethicality of their actions, however, have been shown to be contradictory to some degree. We define corporations’ deceitful implementation of their corporate social responsibility (CSR) policies as pseudo-CSR. We argue that it is the moral characteristics of individuals, i.e. employees, managers and other decision-makers who ignore the CSR policies, which produce pseudo-CSR. Design/methodology/approach: This is a conceptual paper. Findings: The authors conceptualize the gap between true CSR and pseudo-CSR on a cognitive individual level as “moral laxity,” resulting from organization-induced lack of effort concerning individual moral development through ethical discourse, ethical sensemaking and subjectification processes. The absence of these processes prohibits individuals in organizations from constructing ethical identities to inhibit pseudo-CSR activities. Originality/value: This paper contributes to the literature on CSR by augmenting corporate-level responsibility with the hitherto mostly neglected, yet significant, role of the individual in bridging this gap

Characterization and molecular diversity of Iranian rhizobia isolated from faba bean

The diversity and phylogeny of 30 rhizobia isolated from nodules of faba bean plants grown on 5 geographic regions located in the East Azerbaijan province of Iran were examined using rep-PCR fingerprinting, sequence analysis of 16S rRNA accompanied with nodC genes. Based on cluster analysis of rep-PCR fingerprints, faba bean rhizobia isolates were differentiated into five clusters (A to E) at 80% similarity level. The cophenetic correlation coefficient for the dendrogram obtained from the combined dataset of BOX and ERIC primers was 0.942. The percentage of polymorphic loci was 59.2% using the BOX-PCR primer and 67.3% using the ERIC-PCR primers. The data obtained by rep-PCR fingerprinting showed high apparent correlation between genetic diversity and geographical origin of the isolates. The phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA and nodC sequences showed that representative isolates were closely related to R. leguminosarum bv. viciae and R. fabae. To the best of our knowledge, this is first report of isolation and characterization of R. fabae from Iran

Comparison of the Effect of Pethidine, Ketorolac and Ketorolac-Diazepam Combination in Reducing Pain in Patients with acute low back Pain; a Clinical Trial Study

مقدمه: کمر درد یکی از شایع ترین بیماری هایی دنیاست. حدود &nbsp;65 % تا &nbsp;80 % افراد در طول زندگی خود کمردرد را تجربه می کنند. کمردرد شایع ترین علت سندرم درد مزمن است که منجر به محدودیت فعالیت در افراد جوان تر از 45 &nbsp;سال می شود.. این مطالعه با هدف بررسی و مقایسه تاثیر پتدین، کتورولاک و ترکیب کتورولاک-دیازپام بر درد حاد ناشی از کمردرد در بیماران مراجعه کننده به اورژانس بیمارستان پیمانیه در سال 1398 انجام شد. روش کار: در اين مطالعه کارآزمايي باليني تصادفي شده دو سوکور، 90 &nbsp;بيمار که به علت درد حاد کمری حاد به اورژانس بیمارستان پیمانیه جهرم مراجعه کرده بودند وارد مطالعه شدند. بيماران به‌روش تصادفي ساده به سه&nbsp; گروه 30 نفری(گروه اول: 50 میلی گرم&nbsp; پتدین، گروه دوم&nbsp; 30 میلی گرم&nbsp; کتورولاک و 10&nbsp; میلی گرم دیازپام و گروه سوم کتورولاک به تنهایی 30 میلی گرم) تقسيم شدند. فشار خون، ضربان قلب، میزان اشباع اکسیژن خون شریانی و درد&nbsp; بيماران&nbsp; قبل از تزریق دارو، بلافاصله بعد از تزریق دارو&nbsp; و سپس در دقایق 5 ، 10 ،20 و 60 و 90&nbsp; اندازه گيري و ثبت شد. شدت درد با مقياس سنجش درد( VAS) اندازه گيري و بررسی شد. تجزیه و تحلیل اطلاعات با استفاده از نرم افزار SPSS نسخه 21 و با استفاده از آزمون های آماری توصیفی و استنباطی صورت گرفت. یافته ها: نتایج مطالعه حاضر نشان داد که میانگین کاهش درد در گروه دریافت کننده پتدین به ترتیب در دقایق10(P=0.006)، 20(P=0.001)، 60(P=0.001) و 90 دقیقه بعد از تزریق(P=0.001) به شکل معنی داری از گروه های کتورولاک و ترکیب کتورولاک و دیازپام بیشتر بود. نتیجه گیری: نتایج مطالعه حاضر نشان داد که داروی پتدین بر کاهش درد حاد کمری از ترکیب کتورولاک-دیازپام و کتورولاک بیشتر است. بنظر می رسد استفاده از داروی پتدین در این بیماران جایگزین مناسبی نسبت به سایر داروها در کنترل درد در بیماران مبتلا به کمر درد حاد مراجعه کننده به اورژانس باشد.Introduction: Low back pain is one of the most common diseases in different societies of the world. About 65% to 80% of people experience low back pain during their lifetime. Low back pain is the most common cause of chronic pain syndrome, which leads to limited activity in people younger than 45 years. This study was carried out on the patients referred to the emergency department of Peymanieh hospital in 2019. The study aimed to evaluate and compare the effects of pethidine, Ketorolac, and a combination of ketorolac-diazepam on patients with acute low back pain. Methods: &nbsp;In this double-blind, randomized clinical trial, 90 patients referred to the emergency department of Peymanieh Hospital in Jahrom due to acute low back pain were included in the study. Patients were randomly divided into three groups.&nbsp; First group 50 mg of pethidine, Second group 30 mg ketorolac and 10 mg diazepam and Third group 30 mg of Ketorolac. Blood pressure, heart rate, arterial blood oxygen saturation, and pain of patients were measured and recorded before drug injection, immediately after drug injection, and then at 5, 10, 20, 60, and 90 minutes. Pain intensity was measured and analyzed by the visual analog scale (VAS). Data analysis was performed using SPSS software version 21 and using descriptive and inferential statistical tests. Results: The results of the present study showed that the mean pain reduction in the pethidine group in 10 minutes (P = 0.006), 20 (P = 0.001), 60 (P = 0.001) and 90 minutes after injection (P = 0.001), respectively. Significance was greater than the ketorolac groups and the combination of ketorolac and diazepam. Conclusion: &nbsp;The present study results indicated that pethidine is more effective in reducing acute low back pain than ketorolac-diazepam and Ketorolac. The use of pethidine in these patients seems to be a suitable alternative to other drugs used for pain control in patients with acute low back pain referred to the emergency department

Evaluation of Medical negligence of Emergency Department specialists referred to Forensic Medicine in Fars Province from 2012 to 2019

مقدمه:‏ افزایش خطاهای پزشکی به یک نگرانی عمومی در میان سیاستگزاران سلامت تبدیل شده است. با توجه به اهمیت آگاهی از علل وقوع خطاهای پزشکی و پیشگیری از تداوم آنها علی الخصوص در بخش اورژانس، لذا این مطالعه بررسی فراوانی قصور متخصصان طب اوراژانس ارجاعی به پزشکی قانونی استان فارس از سال ۹۲ تا ۹۸ انجام شد. روش کار: مطالعه حاضر از نوع توصیفی و بر اساس تحلیل دوباره داده ها انجام گرفت. جمعیت مورد مطالعه شامل کلیه قصور ارجاعی به دفتر کمیسیون پزشکی اداره کل پزشکی قانونی استان فارس با موضوع شکایت از متخصصان طب اورژانس طی سال های 1392 تا 1398 بود. روش جمع آوری داده ها بر اساس چک لیست و استفاده از اطلاعات موجود در پرونده های موجود در کمیسیون پزشکی اداره کل پزشکی قانونی استان فارس صورت گرفت. چک لیست شامل سن بیمار، تحصیلات بیمار، شغل بیمار، بیماری زمینه ای، علل قصور، نوع مرکز درمانی، علت و انگیزه شکایت، نوع خدمت ارائه شده، نحوه کسب اطلاع از قصور، محل آسیب وارده، نوع آسیب وارده و میزان ارش تعیین شده میباشد. تجزیه و تحلیل دادها با استفاده از نرم افزار spss نسخه 21 و با استفاده از آمارهای توصیفی انجام شد. نتایج: از تعداد 92 پرونده،91 پزشک مرد (9/98%) و 1 نفر پزشک زن (1/1%) بودند. بیشترین فراوانی صدور رأی در سال¬های 1398 با 40 رأی (5/43 %) و سال 1397 با 28 رأی (4/30 %) بوده است. 54 نفر (7/58 %) از افراد شاکی فوت نموده‌اند و 19 نفر (7/20 %) دچار نقص عضو شده بودند. همچنین میزان افراد شاکی در حال بهبودی 11 نفر (0/12 %) و بهبود یافته 6 نفر (5/6 %) بوده است. از 92 پرونده مورد بررسی، 77(7/83 %) پرونده نهایتاً تبرئه شده و 15(3/16 %) پرونده نیز به محکومیت افراد ختم گردیده است. بیشترین فراوانی قصور تائید شده، قصور بی مبالاتی 9(8/9%) و بی‌احتیاطی 2(2/2 %) بوده است. &nbsp;نتیجه گیری: نتایج این مطالعه حاکی از آن بود که بیشترین علت قصور پزشکی متخصصان طب اورژانس از نوع بی مبالاتی می باشد. لذا پیشنهاد می شود با برگزاری کارگاه های آموزشی جهت متخصصان طب اورژانس، باعث کاهش این نوع مبالاتی ها شویم.Introduction: The rise of medical errors has become a public concern among health policymakers. Due to the importance of knowing the causes of medical errors and preventing their continuation, especially in the emergency department, so this study was conducted to investigate the frequency of negligence of emergency medicine specialists referred to forensic medicine in Fars province from 2012 to 2019. Methods: The present study was a descriptive study based secondary data analysis. The study population included all negligence referred to the office of the Medical Commission of the General Directorate of Forensic Medicine of Fars Province with the subject of complaints from emergency medicine specialists during the years 2012 to 2020. The method of data collection is based on a questionnaire and the use of information in the files of the Medical Commission of the General Directorate of Forensic Medicine of Fars Province. Data collection form including patient's age, patient's education, patient's occupation, underlying illness, causes of negligence, type of treatment center, cause and motive of complaint, type of service provided, how to obtain information about negligence, location of injury, type of injury and amount of injury is. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software version 21 and descriptive Statistics. Results: Out of 92 cases, 91 were male physicians (98.9%) and 1 was a female physician (1.1%). The highest frequency of voting was in 1398 with 40 votes (43.5%) and in 1397 with 28 votes (30.4%). 54 (58.7%) of the complainants died and 19 (20.7%) had disabilities. Also, the number of complainants was improving 11 (0.12%) and improved 6 (6.5%). Of the 92 cases reviewed, 77 (83.7%) were finally acquitted and 15 (16.3%) were convicted. The highest frequency of confirmed negligence was negligence negligence 9 (9.8%) and negligence 2 (2.2%). Conclusion: The results of this study indicated that the most common cause of medical malpractice in emergency medicine specialists is negligence. Therefore, it is suggested to reduce this type of negligence by holding training workshops for emergency medicine specialists

The epidemiology and medical care costs of Echinococcus granulosusis in Jahrom, southern Iran from 2007 to 2017

Background: Echinococcus granulosus is a rare parasitic infection causing Cystic Echinococcosis, which can be dangerous due to involving the body. This parasitic infection is a significant health problem in Iran. However, little is known about this disease, specifically in Jahrom city; thus, we aimed to investigate the epidemiology and the economic impact of the illness. Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, the files of 137 patients who were under the care, and treatment of the final diagnosis of Cystic Echinococcosis were evaluated by reviewing the information such as age, gender, occupation, place of residence was collected, and analyzed. Results: Human cystic echinococcosis cases were more common in females, 57.2% (12 patients) and 42.8% (9 patients) were male. In terms of age, most patients (23.8%) were in the age range from 21 to 30 years. The chief complaint at diagnosis, in all cases, was abdominal pain. Besides, 71.42% of the cases had the liver involvement alone, 9.52% had the lung involvement alone, 9.52% had a co-infection of liver and lung, and 4.74% had the kidney involvement alone. Conclusions: The results of the present study are beneficial in determining the disease status and the epidemiology of hydatid cyst in this area