O desconforto da governabilidade: aspectos da administração no Brasil holandês (1630-1644)

Este trabalho tem como objetivo tratar, em linhas gerais, de questões administrativas no Brasil holandês. O primeiro capítulo enfatiza a dimensão atlântica da presença da Companhia das Índias Ocidentais no Brasil, destacando de que forma os neerlandeses se inseriram no espaço atlântico ibérico. O segundo capítulo chama atenção para a administração que antecedeu o governo de Maurício de Nassau, destacando, nos anos de 1635 e 1636, o surgimento de um pequeno comércio entre portugueses e a Companhia. Procuraremos aqui mostrar que havia um governo holandês apesar do clima de guerrilha na capitania de Pernambuco. No terceiro capítulo analisamos as dificuldades de abastecimento dos holandeses no Brasil antes e durante a administração nassoviana (1637-44). Sobre este tópico temos, sobretudo, que Maurício de Nassau não conseguiu superar a falta de farinha de mandioca para os seus efetivos. O quarto e último capítulo aborda o funcionamento das câmaras dos escabinos (espécie de tribunais de justiça locais) nas várias partes da conquista holandesa, chamando a atenção para os problemas vivenciados por essas câmaras no governo de Maurírico de Nassau. O objetivo primordial desse trabalho é mostrar que havia administração da Companhia das Índias Ocidentais no Brasil antes da chegada de Maurício de Nassau, apesar do clima de guerra e que, na administração do mesmo, tida como um período de apogeu da presença neerlandesa no Brasil, as crises eram constantesThe purpose of this work is to deal , in general terms, with the administrative questions of the Dutch period in Brazil. The first chapter enphasizes the presence of the West Indies Company in Brazil, and its Atlantic dimension. This way, it looks at how the Dutch entered the Iberian dominated atlantic. The Second chapter draws attention to the government which preceded John Maurice of Nassau's administration, enphasizing the origin of trade between the Portuguese and the Company during the years 1635 and 1636. I will prove the existence of a Dutch government, in spite of the tense atmonsphere in the State of Pernambuco. In the third chapter I will analyse the supply difficulties faced by the Dutch before and during Nassau's administration (1637-44). On this topic I will show that Nassau had difficulty to feel his troops due to manioc shortage. In the fourth chapter I will discuss the work of the "Escabin Chambers" ( a type of local justice court) during the various periods of the Duch conquest as well as the problems faced by these courts during Nassau'sadministration320 f

Ídolo, feitiço e pacto: a Inquisição portuguesa e a religiosidade centro-africana em Lisboa no século XVIII: o caso de Maria de Jesus

The purpose of this article is to discuss an inquisitorial case against the Angolan Maria de Jesus, who was arrested and tried by the Tribunal of the Holy Office for the alleged crime of “pact with the devil” in Lisbon in 1735. For this, we use bibliography classical and contemporary on the subject, in order to understand, from the perspective of the defendant, the reasons that led to such practice and what this represented in Catholic and Central African culture.O presente artigo tem por objetivo discutir um processo inquisitorial contra a angolana Maria de Jesus, que foi presa e julgada pelo Tribunal do Santo Ofício pelo suposto crime de “pacto com o demônio” em Lisboa, no ano de 1735. Para tanto, utilizamos bibliografia clássica e atual sobre o tema, para compreender, a partir do olhar da ré, quais os motivos a levaram a realizar tal prática e o que isto representava na cultura católica e centro-africana

A miragem da miscigenação

Neste artigo abordamos alguns aspectos da natureza da sociedade escravista - na África e no Brasil - especialmente os significados da liberdade, cor, protesto entre os séculos XVII a XIX. Partimos de um diálogo crítico sobre as perspectivas de miscigenação, políticas de domínio e dinâmicas sociais nas sociedades escravistas e os desdobramentos para o seu funcionamento e mudança.<br>This article aims to focus some aspects concerning slave societies in Brazil and in Africa. In special, those related to the meanings of freedom, color, and protest between the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. These issues are discussed from a critical dialogue on the perspectives about miscegenation, domination politics, social dynamics, and change in the slave societies

NEOTROPICAL ALIEN MAMMALS: a data set of occurrence and abundance of alien mammals in the Neotropics

Biological invasion is one of the main threats to native biodiversity. For a species to become invasive, it must be voluntarily or involuntarily introduced by humans into a nonnative habitat. Mammals were among first taxa to be introduced worldwide for game, meat, and labor, yet the number of species introduced in the Neotropics remains unknown. In this data set, we make available occurrence and abundance data on mammal species that (1) transposed a geographical barrier and (2) were voluntarily or involuntarily introduced by humans into the Neotropics. Our data set is composed of 73,738 historical and current georeferenced records on alien mammal species of which around 96% correspond to occurrence data on 77 species belonging to eight orders and 26 families. Data cover 26 continental countries in the Neotropics, ranging from Mexico and its frontier regions (southern Florida and coastal-central Florida in the southeast United States) to Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay, and the 13 countries of Caribbean islands. Our data set also includes neotropical species (e.g., Callithrix sp., Myocastor coypus, Nasua nasua) considered alien in particular areas of Neotropics. The most numerous species in terms of records are from Bos sp. (n = 37,782), Sus scrofa (n = 6,730), and Canis familiaris (n = 10,084); 17 species were represented by only one record (e.g., Syncerus caffer, Cervus timorensis, Cervus unicolor, Canis latrans). Primates have the highest number of species in the data set (n = 20 species), partly because of uncertainties regarding taxonomic identification of the genera Callithrix, which includes the species Callithrix aurita, Callithrix flaviceps, Callithrix geoffroyi, Callithrix jacchus, Callithrix kuhlii, Callithrix penicillata, and their hybrids. This unique data set will be a valuable source of information on invasion risk assessments, biodiversity redistribution and conservation-related research. There are no copyright restrictions. Please cite this data paper when using the data in publications. We also request that researchers and teachers inform us on how they are using the data

NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES: a data set on carnivore distribution in the Neotropics

Mammalian carnivores are considered a key group in maintaining ecological health and can indicate potential ecological integrity in landscapes where they occur. Carnivores also hold high conservation value and their habitat requirements can guide management and conservation plans. The order Carnivora has 84 species from 8 families in the Neotropical region: Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Otariidae; Phocidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae. Herein, we include published and unpublished data on native terrestrial Neotropical carnivores (Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae). NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES is a publicly available data set that includes 99,605 data entries from 35,511 unique georeferenced coordinates. Detection/non-detection and quantitative data were obtained from 1818 to 2018 by researchers, governmental agencies, non-governmental organizations, and private consultants. Data were collected using several methods including camera trapping, museum collections, roadkill, line transect, and opportunistic records. Literature (peer-reviewed and grey literature) from Portuguese, Spanish and English were incorporated in this compilation. Most of the data set consists of detection data entries (n = 79,343; 79.7%) but also includes non-detection data (n = 20,262; 20.3%). Of those, 43.3% also include count data (n = 43,151). The information available in NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES will contribute to macroecological, ecological, and conservation questions in multiple spatio-temporal perspectives. As carnivores play key roles in trophic interactions, a better understanding of their distribution and habitat requirements are essential to establish conservation management plans and safeguard the future ecological health of Neotropical ecosystems. Our data paper, combined with other large-scale data sets, has great potential to clarify species distribution and related ecological processes within the Neotropics. There are no copyright restrictions and no restriction for using data from this data paper, as long as the data paper is cited as the source of the information used. We also request that users inform us of how they intend to use the data