Chemodectoma in a Dog

Background: The chemodectoma is a rare neoplasm that originates from chemoreceptors located mainly in the aortic body, and carotid body and sinus, and responsible for detecting variations in blood pH, oxygen pressure and carbon dioxide. Dogs of brachiocephalic breeds and aged between 7 and 15 years have greater propensity. A neoplasm involves infiltrative growth in the vessels at the heart base, which leads to Congestive Heart Failure (CHF). The definitive diagnosis is performed by histopathological and/or immunohistochemical examination. The aim was to report a case of chemiodectoma in a dog, showed the disease clinical characteristics.Case: A 13-year-old male undefined breed dog was examinated in the medical clinic of small animal of Veterinary Hospital, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco (UFRPE) with respiratory effort, hyporexia, and edema in face, cervical, ventral thorax and thoracic limbs, with thirty days evoluted. About physical examination, we observed cachexia, orthopneic position, cyanosis and edema with a positive Godet sign, as well as 8% dehydration degree. Thoracic auscultation presented mixed dyspnea and muffled heart sounds. Chest radiography detected an radiopacity increase in pulmonary section and metastatic neoplastic process associated with pleural and pericardial effusion. Fluid therapy with lactated ringer and posterior thoracentesis in the right hemithorax region was performed for greater respiratory comfort for the patient. Hematological count and biochemical profiles stated normochromic normocytic anemia, relative and absolute lymphopenia, thrombocytopenia, as well as increased alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST). The patient died after 12 hours when was submitted to necroscopic examination and histopathological evaluation. An infiltrative tumor of cardiac base was observed invading the light of the right atrium, obstructing the venous return, as well as a large thrombus located in the left ventricle and diffuse nodules in the lungs. Hydrothorax and hydroperitoneum were observed with serous fluid, with hepatic, renal and brain congestion, and duodenum hemorrhage. Histologically, the tumor was characterized as a chemodectoma with pulmonary metastasis.Discussion: Cardiac tumors are uncommon for canine population. A study sampled 729,265 dogs with observed incidence reaching 0.19%. The most common type is hemangiosarcoma with 69%, followed by chemiodectoma and lymphoma. Authors describe predisposed brachycephalic breeds such as Boxer, Boston Terrier and French Bulldog. In our case, the patient had elongated snout and undefined breed. Deregulation of chemoreceptors, which detect changes in pH and partial oxygen and carbon dioxide pressures, can result in hyperpnea and dyspnoea. Edema represents a deficit in venous return from the cranial and cervical regions, with consequent increase in hydrostatic pressure and liquid leakage into the thoracic cavity and subcutaneous tissue, thus inferring the Caudal Vena Cava Syndrome (CVCS). Tumors from the cardiac base, integrated with the large arteries insertion and adjacent to the atria, can cause pericardial effusion observed in this case. Chemodectomas are described as essentially benign tumors with low metastatic potential. In this case, pulmonary metastasis was detected. Surgical treatment is recommended when feasible. In this case, the patient had late veterinary care, in addition to the contraindication for surgery by the lung metastasis presence

Avaliação clínico-laboratorial de cães naturalmente infectados por Leishmania infantum submetidos a terapia com marbofloxacina associada ao alopurinol

No Novo Mundo, Leishmania infantum é o agente da Leishmaniose Visceral Canina (LVC), ao qual é transmitida pela picada de flebotomíneos infectados. O cão é considerado o principal reservatório em áreas urbanas do Brasil e o tratamento dessa enfermidade ainda representa um desafio. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os aspectos clínicos e laboratoriais de cães naturalmente infectados por L. infantum submetidos à terapia com marbofloxacina associada ao alopurinol. Para avaliar a eficácia da marbofloxacina, 12 cães domiciliados de ambos os sexos, raças variadas e idade entre 1-7 anos foram utilizados. Os animais foram divididos em dois grupos de tratamento: Grupo 1 (G1) foi tratado com marbofloxacina oral (Marbopet® Laboratory CEVA, Brasil) a 2 mg / Kg / dia por 28 dias em combinação com alopurinol a 10 mg / kg a cada 12 horas e o Grupo 2 (G2) tratado com marbofloxacina e alopurinol na mesma dosagem, mas o alopurinol foi administrado aos cães a partir de G2 após 28 dias da administração de marbofloxacina. Ao longo do tratamento, os cães foram avaliados durante 90 dias, realizando exames físicos mensais e avaliando hemograma, hemograma, fosfatase alcalina, alanina aminotransferase, ureia, creatinina, proteína sérica, albumina e globulina. Cada parâmetro clínico foi classificado de acordo com sua gravidade em uma escala numérica de 0 a 3. No grupo G1, a redução nos escores foi de 76,4%, enquanto o grupo G2 apresentou uma redução de 54,8%. As médias de albumina foram maiores aos 90 dias no grupo G1. Nenhum cão de ambos os grupos apresentou aumento de uréia e creatinina. Após o seguimento de até 90 dias, pode-se concluir que o tratamento com marbofloxacina e alopurinol em combinação ao mesmo tempo proporcionou uma maior remissão dos sinais clínicos, melhora nos perfis hematológicos e bioquímicos e aumento do valor da albumina.In the New World, Leishmania infantum is the agent of visceral leishmaniasis and CanL, which are spread by the bite of infected sand flies. The dog is considered the main reservoir in urban areas of Brazil and the treatment of CanL still represents a challenge. The objective of this study was to evaluate the clinical and laboratory aspects of dogs naturally infected with L. infantum submitted to therapy with marbofloxacin associated with allopurinol. To evaluate the efficacy of marbofloxacin 12 domiciled dogs of both genders, varied race and age between 1-7 years were used. The animals were divided into two treatment groups: Group 1 (G1) were treated with oral marbofloxacin (Marbopet® Laboratory CEVA, Brazil) at 2 mg/Kg/day for 28 days in combination with oral allopurinol at 10 mg/kg every 12 hours and Group 2 (G2) treated with marbofloxacin and allopurinol in the same dosage, but the allopurinol was give to dogs from G2 after 28 days of administration of marbofloxacin. After the treatment dogs were assessed during 90 days by performing monthly physical exams, and evaluating red blood count, white blood count, alkaline phosphatase, alanine aminotransferase, urea, creatinine, serum protein, albumin and globulin parameters. Each clinical parameter was classified according to its severity on a numerical scale of 0 to 3. In group G1, the reduction in scores was 76.4%, while the G2 group presented a reduction of 54.8%. The averages of albumin were higher at 90 days in the G1 group. No dogs from both of groups presented increase of urea and creatinine. After the following up of 90 days it can be concluded the marbofloxacin and allopurinol treatment in combination at the same time provided a greater remission of clinical signs, improvement in hematological and biochemical profiles and increase of albumin value

ESTUDO MORFOMÉTRICO DE GLIRICOLA QUADRISETOSA EWING, 1924 RECUPERADO EM GALEA SPIXII WAGLER, 1831

The morphometric study on lice affecting Galea spixii helps in understanding the taxonomy of this Phithraptera. The study aimed to perform morphometry of Gliricola quadrisetosa specimens recovered in G. spixii. Analyses were performed using light optical microscope. Data were presented as simple average and standard deviation. Males and females showed an average length of body of 98,01 + 2,43 and 117,97 + 4,75 µm; from the underside of the head 16,42 + 3,41 and 18,43 + 2,61 µm; prothorax 12,43 + 0,91 and 13,79 + 1,13 µm and pterothorax 13,57 + 1,07 and 14,88 + 1,84 µm, respectively. The male genitalia lodged in their basal plate showed length of its external and internal lateral margin of 28,86+ 1,29 and 21,88 + 1,91 µm; external internal branch of 2,94 + 0,38 and 7, 25 + 0,72 µm. In the female genitalia, the length of the upper and lower portions were, respectively, 25,35 +2,32 and 28,18 + 2,86 µm. The 11 bristles had an average length of 2,99+0,17 µm. The measurements will help to standardize the taxonomy of Gliricola quadrisetosa recovered in Galea spixii

Aspectos morfométricos de Haemonchus contortus (Rudolphi, 1803) procedentes de caprinos (Capra hircus) da região semiárida do Rio Grande do Norte, Brasil

No nordeste brasileiro, Haemonchus contortus é considerado um nematódeo gastrintestinal de grande relevância médico-veterinária, por causar queda de produção, atraso no desenvolvimento, perdas econômicas e mortes de pequenos ruminantes. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi identificar as variações morfométricas e os tipos de apêndices vulvares existentes em H. contortusprovenientes de caprinos da região semiárida do Rio Grande do Norte. Utilizaram-se 100 exemplares de H. contortus, oriundos do acervo do Laboratório de Parasitologia Animal da Universidade Federal Rural do Semiárido (UFERSA), onde eles foram montados entre lâmina e lamínula com glicerina, para mensuração em ocular micrométrica em objetiva de 10X, com fator de correção de 1,3636. O comprimento corporal dos machos foi inferior ao das fêmeas (p < 0,05), os quais apresentaram respectivamente médias ± desvio padrão de 13,26 ± 1,15 e 18,32 ± 1,39 μm. Quanto ao tipo de apêndice vulvar encontrado nas fêmeas, 72% foram do tipo linguiforme, 18% do tipo liso e 10% do tipo botão. Esses dados contribuem de forma significativa para a taxonomia e diferenciação desses endoparasitas, principalmente na região do semiárido do Nordeste, onde a haemonchose tem papel preocupante para a caprinocultura

Technical recommendation on Chagas' Disease epidemiology and prevention, focussing its transmission as a disease transmitted by food

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