158 research outputs found
Negotiating gender equality in daily work: an ethnography of a public women’s organisation in Okinawa, Japan
This doctoral research is a contribution to the understanding of social activism and its
socio-cultural formation in postcolonial Okinawa. It is based on eighteen months of
fieldwork including participant observation and interviews at a public women’s
organisation, Women’s Organisation Okinawa (WOO). This project centres on the
lived practices of staff who attempted to produce and encourage gender equality in
the public sector under neoliberal governance. I demonstrate through ethnographic
analysis how the practice of law and social movements is distinct from the ideals of
such movements as well as the particular individuals involved in them.
WOO was established in the public sector by local government in alliance with
various grassroots groups in Okinawa in the late 1990s. WOO embraced the dreams,
hopes and anticipations of various actors - users and workers - who had been
involved in the establishment, but in reality, it also contained various contradictions.
First, WOO was a new workplace for those who wanted to work in activism and be
paid for their work, but also reproduced precarious, low-waged, gendered labour.
Second, WOO was a site which put law into practice, but it revealed that law
internalised the inconsistency between what people had originally expected of the
law and what law enacted as a result of institutionalisation. Third, WOO
unexpectedly became a focal point of contact between neoliberal and feminist
governance through public services and the requirements of performing
accountability for citizens and for feminist activism. Thus frontline practitioners
attempted to bridge the gap between ideal, reality, law and practice and to negotiate
with neoliberal and feminist governance in the labour process.
This thesis demonstrates how the inconsistencies between ideal and reality arose in
the daily working practices of staff positioned between citizens, laws and social
movements. More precisely, it explores how staff attempted to negotiate,
accommodate and struggle with the gap between ideal and reality through their lived
experience, rather than fiercely resisting or merely being subject to a form of
governance or reality. In doing so, the thesis reveals how unstable and problematic
the notion of ‘gender equality’ was as it was deployed at WOO
Structure-activity relationships of cephem analogs
Abstract -Hydrolysis rates, log kNMRobsd of 3'-Z-7c-methoxy-loxacephems were found to correlate linearly with '3C NMR chemical shift differences between C3 and C, A(4-3), IR f3-lactam bands C=Oi or Haminet's i values of group Z. Compounds were classified based on the product structures of the alkaline hydrolysis and its kinetics, both of which vary depending on the leavability of Z. A linear correlation of antibacterial potency against sensitive gram-negative bacteria (log l/CN) with ° was found among compounds of low Z leavability. With compounds of high Z leavability, exceedingly high antibacterial potency was observed. With substitution of alkyl groups for the p-hydroxylphenyl group in latamoxef 10, the high antibacterial potency and broad antibacterial spectrum were maintained when the volume of the alkyl group was optimal. Further substitution of a cyano group for the carboxyl group narrowed the antibacterial spectrum
Efficient Homomorphic Evaluation of Arbitrary Uni/Bivariate Integer Functions and Their Applications
We propose how to homomorphically evaluate arbitrary univariate and bivariate integer functions such as division. A prior work proposed by Okada et al. (WISTP\u2718) uses polynomial evaluations such that the scheme is still compatible with the SIMD operations in BFV and BGV, and is implemented with the input domain size . However, the scheme of Okada et al. requires the quadratic number of plaintext-ciphertext multiplications and ciphertext-ciphertext additions in the input domain size, and although these operations are more lightweight than the ciphertext-ciphertext multiplication, the quadratic complexity makes handling larger inputs quite inefficient. In this work, first we improve the prior work and also propose a new approach that exploits the packing method to handle the larger input domain size instead of enabling the SIMD operation, thus making it possible to work with the larger input domain size, e.g., in a reasonably efficient way. In addition, we show how to slightly extend the input domain size to with a relatively moderate overhead. Further we show another approach to handling the larger input domain size by using two ciphertexts to encrypt one integer plaintext and applying our techniques for uni/bivariate function evaluation. We implement the prior work of Okada et al., our improved scheme of Okada et al., and our new scheme in PALISADE with the input domain size , and confirm that the estimated run-times of the prior work and our improved scheme of the prior work are still about 117 days and 59 days respectively while our new scheme can be computed in 307 seconds
GPU Acceleration of High-Precision Homomorphic Computation Utilizing Redundant Representation
Fully homomorphic encryption (FHE) can perform computations on encrypted data, allowing us to analyze sensitive data without losing its security. The main issue for FHE is its lower performance, especially for high-precision computations, compared to calculations on plaintext data. Making FHE viable for practical use requires both algorithmic improvements and hardware acceleration. Recently, Klemsa and Önen (CODASPY\u2722) presented fast homomorphic algorithms for high-precision integers, including addition, multiplication and some fundamental functions, by utilizing a technique called redundant representation. Their algorithms were applied on TFHE, which was proposed by Chillotti et al. (Asiacrypt\u2716). In this paper, we further accelerate this method by extending their algorithms to multithreaded environments. The experimental results show that our approach performs 128-bit addition in 0.41 seconds, 32-bit multiplication in 4.3 seconds, and 128-bit Max and ReLU functions in 1.4 seconds using a Tesla V100S server
Ambient light modulation of exogenous attention to threat
Planet Earth’s motion yields a 50 % day–50 % night yearly balance in every latitude or longitude, so survival must be guaranteed in very different light conditions in many species, including human. Cone- and rod-dominant vision, respectively specialized in light and darkness, present several processing differences, which are—at least partially—reflected in event-related potentials (ERPs). The present experiment aimed at characterizing exogenous attention to threatening (spiders) and neutral (wheels) distractors in two environmental light conditions, low mesopic (L, 0.03 lx) and high mesopic (H, 6.5 lx), yielding a differential photoreceptor activity balance: rod > cone and rod < cone, respectively. These distractors were presented in the lower visual hemifield while the 40 participants were involved in a digit categorization task. Stimuli, both targets (digits) and distractors, were exactly the same in L and H. Both ERPs and behavioral performance in the task were recorded. Enhanced attentional capture by salient distractors was observed regardless of ambient light level. However, ERPs showed a differential pattern as a function of ambient light. Thus, significantly enhanced amplitude to salient distractors was observed in posterior P1 and early anterior P2 (P2a) only during the H context, in late P2a during the L context, and in occipital P3 during both H and L contexts. In other words, while exogenous attention to threat was equally efficient in light and darkness, cone-dominant exogenous attention was faster than rod-dominant, in line with previous data indicating slower processing times for rod- than for cone-dominant visionThis research was supported by the Grants PSI2014-54853-P and PSI2012-37090 from the Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad of Spain (MINECO
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