Deep Neural Networks for Sentiment Analysis in Tweets with Emoticons

Businesses glean meaningful feedback in regard to products and services from social media posts in order to improve the quality of products and services, as well as to meet customer expectations. Sentiment analysis is increasingly being used to help businesses by assigning positive or negative polarity to such posts. Although methods currently exist to determine the polarity of sentiments, such methods are unreliable when posts contain terms that are not typically part of a standard dictionary used for sentiment analysis, such as slang and informal language. This dissertation has aimed to empirically investigate alternative methods to improve the classification accuracy of sentiments in such contexts. Specifically, it considers posts written in English that include emoticons. The benchmark Sentiment140 English language datasets were used for evaluation and labeled tweets that included emoticons. Two types of deep neural networks–Convolution Neural Networks (CNN) and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) Networks–were used for classification since they have been demonstrated to produce the best results. All terms in the tweets were represented using the pre-trained embedding vectors word2vec, GloVe, and fastText. Baseline models were trained and tested using tweets with their emoticons removed. For each baseline model, a corresponding model was trained that included emoticons as inputs; in others, emoticons were replaced with English language. Accuracy, precision, recall, and F_(1 )scores of models using emoticons were compared to their corresponding baseline models that did not use emoticons. Experiments are conducted on data with emoticons and emoticons removed for all the models. Our experiments showed that LSTM that uses an attention model with fastText embedding outperformed the linear models for identifying sentiment for the all datasets used. We also learned that when we replaced emoticons with English language, the sentiment classification accuracy improved. We therefore concluded that inclusion of emoticons as features achieves the highest accuracy in our research on sentiment classification

PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS, IN VITRO ANTIOXIDANT POTENTIAL AND GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY-MASS SPECTROMETRY STUDIES OF DICRANOPTERIS LINEARIS

ABSTRACTObjective: The aim of the study was to analyze qualitative and quantitative phytochemicals, evaluate in vitro antioxidant properties and determine thebioactive compounds in extracts of Dicranopteris linearis (Burm.f.) Underw. collected from Western Ghats of Kanyakumari district.Methods: The qualitative, quantitative phytochemical, and in vitro antioxidant analysis were performed using standard procedures. The bioactivecompounds were analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) instrument.Results: The qualitative phytochemical analysis studied in aqueous, acetone, chloroform, ethanol, and petroleum ether solvent extract showed acetonehad strong positivity to express the 12 phytoconstituents studied except anthocyanin when compared to other solvent extracts. The quantitativephytochemistry revealed considerable amount of terpenoids (97.0±1.15 mg/g), tannins (30.8±0.44 mg tannic acid equivalents/gram), phenols(28.6±0.33 mg gallic acid equivalents/gram), and flavonoids (8.50±0.29 mg quercetin equivalent/g) in decreasing order of concentrations. The invitro antioxidant activity of aqueous, ethanol, acetone, chloroform, and petroleum ether suggested that the extract of DL has prominent antioxidantprospective against various free radicals such as 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl while butylated hydroxy toluene being the standard antioxidant used.The GC-MS analysis displayed the presence of 11 bioactive compounds each belonging to various categories of phytochemicals such as terpenoids,flavonoids, phenols, and fatty acid derivatives.Conclusion: The results indicate that D. linearis (Burm.f.) Underw. present in the Western Ghats of Kanyakumari is an effective scavenger of freeradicals and has the potential to be used as a natural antioxidant which is attributed to the rich presence of secondary metabolites.Keywords: Dicranopteris linearis (Burm.f.) Underw., Phytochemistry, Antioxidant activity, Gas chromatography-mass Spectrometry

Proteomic analysis of lamellar bodies isolated from rat lungs

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Lamellar bodies are lysosome-related secretory granules and store lung surfactant in alveolar type II cells. To better understand the mechanisms of surfactant secretion, we carried out proteomic analyses of lamellar bodies isolated from rat lungs.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>With peptide mass fingerprinting by Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization – Time of Flight mass spectrometry, 44 proteins were identified with high confidence. These proteins fell into diverse functional categories: surfactant-related, membrane trafficking, calcium binding, signal transduction, cell structure, ion channels, protein processing and miscellaneous. Selected proteins were verified by Western blot and immunohistochemistry.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>This proteomic profiling of lamellar bodies provides a basis for further investigations of functional roles of the identified proteins in lamellar body biogenesis and surfactant secretion.</p

Razvoj i prosudba protočne metode za dijagnosticiranje ehinokokoze u goveda

A novel in vitro flow through technique was developed and evaluated for immunodiagnosis of cystic echinococcosis in cattle using hydatid specific non-cross reactive 8 kDa protein. The 8 kDa protein was prepared from hydatid cyst fluid by DEAE-Sepharose fast flow anion exchange chromatography. In this flow through technique, the 8 kDa antigen was coated on the nitrocellulose membrane of the flow through device. Protein A Colloidal gold was used as detector. The evaluation of the technique was performed by comparing 150 known positive hydatid serum and known negative serum collected from cattle. The test was shown to have high sensitivity and specificity that were closely correlated with those of Enzyme-linked immunoelctrotransfer blot. Furthermore, the immunofiltration based assay is rapid and easy to perform with no requirement of special skill, reagent or instrumentation. This suggests the flow through technique is an acceptable alternative for use in clinical laboratories lacking specialized equipment as well as large scale screening of cystic echinococcosis in the field with both animal and human populations.U radu je opisana nova in vitro protočna tehnika prikladna za imunodijagnostiku ehinokokoze u goveda upotrebom visoko specifične bjelančevine od 8 kDa. Ta je bjelančevina bila pripravljena od hidatidne tekućine metodom DEAE-Sefaroze brzo protočne kromatografije s izmjenom aniona, a zatim naslojena na nitroceluloznu opnu u protočnom sustavu. Kao detektor rabljena je bjelančevina A obilježena koloidalnim zlatom. Metoda je vrednovana na temelju rezultata dobivenih pretraživanjem 150 pozitivnih i negativnih uzoraka seruma goveda. Istraživanje je pokazalo da je riječ o visoko osjetljivom i specifičnom testu vrlo sličnom metodi Western Blotting. Kako je opisani test brz i jednostavan i ne iziskuje posebne vještine, reagencije i opremu, smatra se da je osobito prikladan za opsežne probirne testove za dijagnosticiranje ehinokokoze u ljudi i životinja

Razvoj i prosudba protočne metode za dijagnosticiranje ehinokokoze u goveda

A novel in vitro flow through technique was developed and evaluated for immunodiagnosis of cystic echinococcosis in cattle using hydatid specific non-cross reactive 8 kDa protein. The 8 kDa protein was prepared from hydatid cyst fluid by DEAE-Sepharose fast flow anion exchange chromatography. In this flow through technique, the 8 kDa antigen was coated on the nitrocellulose membrane of the flow through device. Protein A Colloidal gold was used as detector. The evaluation of the technique was performed by comparing 150 known positive hydatid serum and known negative serum collected from cattle. The test was shown to have high sensitivity and specificity that were closely correlated with those of Enzyme-linked immunoelctrotransfer blot. Furthermore, the immunofiltration based assay is rapid and easy to perform with no requirement of special skill, reagent or instrumentation. This suggests the flow through technique is an acceptable alternative for use in clinical laboratories lacking specialized equipment as well as large scale screening of cystic echinococcosis in the field with both animal and human populations.U radu je opisana nova in vitro protočna tehnika prikladna za imunodijagnostiku ehinokokoze u goveda upotrebom visoko specifične bjelančevine od 8 kDa. Ta je bjelančevina bila pripravljena od hidatidne tekućine metodom DEAE-Sefaroze brzo protočne kromatografije s izmjenom aniona, a zatim naslojena na nitroceluloznu opnu u protočnom sustavu. Kao detektor rabljena je bjelančevina A obilježena koloidalnim zlatom. Metoda je vrednovana na temelju rezultata dobivenih pretraživanjem 150 pozitivnih i negativnih uzoraka seruma goveda. Istraživanje je pokazalo da je riječ o visoko osjetljivom i specifičnom testu vrlo sličnom metodi Western Blotting. Kako je opisani test brz i jednostavan i ne iziskuje posebne vještine, reagencije i opremu, smatra se da je osobito prikladan za opsežne probirne testove za dijagnosticiranje ehinokokoze u ljudi i životinja

Transition metal oxide nanopowder and ionic liquid: an efficient system for the synthesis of diorganyl selenides, selenocysteine and derivatives

We have developed an efficient method for the synthesis of diorganyl selenides and &#946;-seleno amines using Zn, catalytic amounts of ZnO nanopowder, as a catalyst and ionic liquid as a recyclable solvent. This ZnO/ionic liquid system shows high efficiency in catalyzing these transformations with the formation of the desired products in high yields