591 research outputs found
Towards the Super Yang-Mills Theory on the Lattice
We present an entirely new approach towards a realization of the
supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory on the lattice. The action consists of the
staggered fermion and the plaquette variables distributed in the Euclidean
space with a particular pattern. The system is shown to have fermionic
symmetries relating the fermion and the link variables.Comment: 12 pages, 3 figure
Effects of the Zero-Mode Landau Level on Inter-Layer Magnetoresistance in Multilayer Massless Dirac Fermion Systems
We report on the experimental results of interlayer magnetoresistance in
multilayer massless Dirac fermion system -(BEDT-TTF)I under
hydrostatic pressure and its interpretation. We succeeded in detecting the
zero-mode Landau level (n=0 Landau level) that is epected to appear at the
contact points of Dirac cones in the magnetic field normal to the
two-dimensional plane. The characteristic feature of zero-mode Landau carriers
including the Zeeman effect is clearly seen in the interlayer
magnetoresistance.Comment: 2 pages, 2 figure
Synthesis and α-amylase inhibitory activity of glucose–deoxynojirimycin conjugates
Inhibitors of α-amylase have attracted attention for their putative effects against diabetes mellitus. Although numerous studies have explored natural small molecule inhibitors, acarbose is currently the only compound with sufficient inhibitory potency and drug-like characteristics to be considered as a potential therapeutic agent. We have synthesized conjugates of the potent glucosidase inhibitor, 1-deoxynojirimycin, and glucose, with the aim of enhancing inhibitory activity against α-amylase. This synthetic conjugate showed increased inhibition of α-amylase compared to 1-deoxynojirimycin alone, suggesting that similar modifications of existing glucosidase inhibitors may yield more potent α-amylase inhibitors
Field-induced carrier delocalization in the strain-induced Mott insulating state of an organic superconductor
We report the influence of the field effect on the dc resistance and Hall
coefficient in the strain-induced Mott insulating state of an organic
superconductor -(BEDT-TTF)Cu[N(CN)]Br. Conductivity obeys
the formula for activated transport , where is a constant and depends on
the gate voltage. The gate voltage dependence of the Hall coefficient shows
that, unlike in conventional FETs, the effective mobility of dense hole
carriers ( cm) is enhanced by a positive gate
voltage. This implies that carrier doping involves delocalization of intrinsic
carriers that were initially localized due to electron correlation.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figure
Identifying combinatorial regulation of transcription factors and binding motifs
BACKGROUND: Combinatorial interaction of transcription factors (TFs) is important for gene regulation. Although various genomic datasets are relevant to this issue, each dataset provides relatively weak evidence on its own. Developing methods that can integrate different sequence, expression and localization data have become important. RESULTS: Here we use a novel method that integrates chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) data with microarray expression data and with combinatorial TF-motif analysis. We systematically identify combinations of transcription factors and of motifs. The various combinations of TFs involved multiple binding mechanisms. We reconstruct a new combinatorial regulatory map of the yeast cell cycle in which cell-cycle regulation can be drawn as a chain of extended TF modules. We find that the pairwise combination of a TF for an early cell-cycle phase and a TF for a later phase is often used to control gene expression at intermediate times. Thus the number of distinct times of gene expression is greater than the number of transcription factors. We also see that some TF modules control branch points (cell-cycle entry and exit), and in the presence of appropriate signals they can allow progress along alternative pathways. CONCLUSIONS: Combining different data sources can increase statistical power as demonstrated by detecting TF interactions and composite TF-binding motifs. The original picture of a chain of simple cell-cycle regulators can be extended to a chain of composite regulatory modules: different modules may share a common TF component in the same pathway or a TF component cross-talking to other pathways
Evidence for three-dimensional Dirac semimetal state in strongly correlated organic quasi-two-dimensional material
The three-dimensional Dirac semimetal is distinct from its two-dimensional
counterpart due to its dimensionality and symmetry. Here, we observe that
molecule-based quasi-two-dimensional Dirac fermion system,
-(BEDT-TTF)I, exhibits chiral anomaly-induced negative
magnetoresistance and planar Hall effect upon entering the coherent inter-layer
tunneling regime under high pressure. Time-reversal symmetry is broken due to
the strong electronic correlation effect, while the spin-orbit coupling effect
is negligible. The system provides an ideal platform for investigating the
chiral anomaly physics by controlling dimensionality and strong electronic
correlation.Comment: 5 pages, 6 figure
Recommended from our members
Anti-hepatocellular carcinoma properties of the anti-alcoholism drug disulfiram discovered to enzymatically inhibit the AMPK-related kinase SNARK in vitro
We recently described that the anti-apoptotic AMPK-related kinase, SNARK, promotes transforming growth factor (TGF)-β signaling in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells, as a potentially new therapeutic target. Here we explored FDA-approved drugs inhibiting the enzymatic activity of SNARK, using an in vitro luminescence kinase assay system. Interestingly, the long-used anti-alcoholism drug disulfiram (DSF), also known as Antabuse, emerged as the top hit. Enzymatic kinetics analyses revealed that DSF inhibited SNARK kinase activity in a noncompetitive manner to ATP or phosphosubstrates. Comparative in vitro analyses of DSF analogs indicated the significance of the disulfide bond-based molecular integrity for the kinase inhibition. DSF suppressed SNARK-promoted TGF-β signaling and demonstrated anti-HCC effects. The chemical and enzymatic findings herein reveal novel pharmacological effects of and use for DSF and its derivatives, and could be conducive to prevention and inhibition of liver fibrosis and HCC
Inferring Haplotypes of Copy Number Variations From High-Throughput Data With Uncertainty
Accurate information on haplotypes and diplotypes (haplotype pairs) is required for population-genetic analyses; however, microarrays do not provide data on a haplotype or diplotype at a copy number variation (CNV) locus; they only provide data on the total number of copies over a diplotype or an unphased sequence genotype (e.g., AAB, unlike AB of single nucleotide polymorphism). Moreover, such copy numbers or genotypes are often incorrectly determined when microarray signal intensities derived from different copy numbers or genotypes are not clearly separated due to noise. Here we report an algorithm to infer CNV haplotypes and individuals’ diplotypes at multiple loci from noisy microarray data, utilizing the probability that a signal intensity may be derived from different underlying copy numbers or genotypes. Performing simulation studies based on known diplotypes and an error model obtained from real microarray data, we demonstrate that this probabilistic approach succeeds in accurate inference (error rate: 1–2%) from noisy data, whereas previous deterministic approaches failed (error rate: 12–18%). Applying this algorithm to real microarray data, we estimated haplotype frequencies and diplotypes in 1486 CNV regions for 100 individuals. Our algorithm will facilitate accurate population-genetic analyses and powerful disease association studies of CNVs
The accuracy of multislice spiral computed tomography using a novel ECG-gated image reconstruction method for the assessment of coronary artery stenosis
- …