Crianças superdotadas: derrubando preconceitos

O tema abordado nesta monografia é “Crianças Superdotadas: Derrubando Preconceitos”. O objetivo geral desta pesquisa é identificar e propor soluções para os problemas e dificuldades de aprendizagem pelos quais os superdotados passam, devido a preconceitos sofridos por eles. Dentro deste objetivo existem algumas especificidades para aprofundar o assunto. O tipo de pesquisa utilizado nesta pesquisa foi a qualitativa, que é o Estudo de Caso Etnográfico, onde seus participantes foram 3 professoras de Ensino Fundamental de uma escola particular situada em Águas Claras – DF. O instrumento utilizado nesta pesquisa foi a entrevista, que é um instrumento de coletas de dados que se constitui de perguntas e que as mesmas foram baseadas no Referencial Teórico. Foram relacionadas algumas categorias para a realização da organização, análise e discussão dos dados. Seguem as categorias: Conceito e Identificação de superdotados; trabalho com crianças superdotadas em sala de aula. Atitudes do professor/alunos para com o superdotado; interação do aluno superdotado com o professor/colega de classe; preparação dos professores para lidar com o superdotado; problemas enfrentados pelo superdotado na escola/sala de aula; dificuldade para se trabalhar com o superdotado; sugestões para trabalhar com o superdotado. Com essa pesquisa, pôde-se concluir que a criança superdotada é uma criança como outra qualquer. Para se trabalhar com um superdotado é necessária uma atenção especial, principalmente quando se trata de sua educação. Foi relatado também que a criança superdotada necessita de um atendimento especial. O professor de uma criança superdotada precisa levar para sala de aula desafios, trabalhos que exijam dessa criança uma maior atenção para que, assim, ela não fique desinteressada pela aula. O professor deve motivar, integrar o aluno superdotado. O professor e todos que convivem com o superdotado devem esquecer os mitos e idéias erradas que o envolvem. O apoio da família também é muito importante para o desenvolvimento da criança superdotada. Não basta uma inteligência superior ou um talento brilhante, todo ser humano precisa estar bem emocionalmente, também. Nunca se deve esquecer que sempre tem de existir o respeito, o amor, a compreensão, a solidariedade. Somos todos diferentes, mas todos somos seres humanos

Enzymatically modified isoquercitrin supplementation intensifies plantaris muscle fiber hypertrophy in functionally overloaded mice

BackgroundEnzymatically modified isoquercitrin (EMIQ) is produced from rutin using enzymatic hydrolysis followed by treatment with glycosyltransferase in the presence of dextrin to add glucose residues. EMIQ is absorbed in the same way as quercetin, a powerful antioxidant reported to prevent disused muscle atrophy by targeting mitochondria and to have ergogenic effects. The present study investigated the effect of EMIQ on skeletal muscle hypertrophy induced by functional overload.MethodsIn Study 1, 6-week-old ICR male mice were divided into 4 groups: sham-operated control, sham-operated EMIQ, overload-operated control, and overload-operated EMIQ groups. In Study 2, mice were divided into 3 groups: overload-operated whey control, overload-operated whey/EMIQ (low dose), and overload-operated whey/EMIQ (high dose) groups. The functional overload of the plantaris muscle was induced by ablation of the synergist (gastrocnemius and soleus) muscles. EMIQ and whey protein were administered with food. Three weeks after the operation, the cross-sectional area and minimal fiber diameter of the plantaris muscle fibers were measured.ResultsIn Study 1, functional overload increased the cross-sectional area and minimal fiber diameter of the plantaris muscle. EMIQ supplementation significantly increased the cross-sectional area and minimal fiber diameter of the plantaris muscle in both the sham-operated and overload-operated groups. In Study 2, EMIQ supplementation combined with whey protein administration significantly increased the cross-sectional area and minimal fiber diameter of the plantaris muscle.ConclusionEMIQ, even when administered as an addition to whey protein supplementation, significantly intensified the fiber hypertrophy of the plantaris muscle in functionally overloaded mice. EMIQ supplementation also induced fiber hypertrophy of the plantaris in sham-operated mice

Structure of the Bacillus subtilis 70S ribosome reveals the basis for species-specific stalling

Ribosomal stalling is used to regulate gene expression and can occur in a species-specific manner. Stalling during translation of the MifM leader peptide regulates expression of the downstream membrane protein biogenesis factor YidC2 (YqjG) in Bacillus subtilis, but not in Escherichia coli. In the absence of structures of Gram-positive bacterial ribosomes, a molecular basis for species-specific stalling has remained unclear. Here we present the structure of a Gram-positive B. subtilis MifM-stalled 70S ribosome at 3.5-3.9 angstrom, revealing a network of interactions between MifM and the ribosomal tunnel, which stabilize a non-productive conformation of the PTC that prevents aminoacyl-tRNA accommodation and thereby induces translational arrest. Complementary genetic analyses identify a single amino acid within ribosomal protein L22 that dictates the species specificity of the stalling event. Such insights expand our understanding of how the synergism between the ribosome and the nascent chain is utilized to modulate the translatome in a species-specific manner

Constraints on the Intracluster Dust Emission in the Coma Cluster of Galaxies

We have undertaken a search for the infrared emission from the intracluster dust in the Coma cluster of galaxies by the Multiband Imaging Photometer for Spitzer. Our observations yield the deepest mid and far-infrared images of a galaxy cluster ever achieved. In each of the three bands, we have not detected a signature of the central excess component in contrast to the previous report on the detection by Infrared Space Observatory (ISO). We still find that the brightness ratio between 70 and 160 microns shows a marginal sign of the central excess, in qualitative agreement with the ISO result. Our analysis suggests that the excess ratio is more likely due to faint infrared sources lying on fluctuating cirrus foreground. Our observations yield the 2 sigma upper limits on the excess emission within 100 kpc of the cluster center as 5 x 10^-3 MJy/sr, 6 x 10^-2 MJy/sr, and 7 x 10^-2 MJy/sr, at 24, 70, and 160 microns, respectively. These values are in agreement with those found in other galaxy clusters and suggest that dust is deficient near the cluster center by more than 3 orders of magnitude compared to the interstellar medium.Comment: 10 pages, 9 figures, minor changes to match version published in Ap

Therapeutic angiogenesis by transplantation of induced pluripotent stem cell-derived Flk-1 positive cells

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells are the novel stem cell population induced from somatic cells. It is anticipated that iPS will be used in the expanding field of regenerative medicine. Here, we investigated whether implantation of fetal liver kinase-1 positive (Flk-1⁺) cells derived from iPS cells could improve angiogenesis in a mouse hind limb model of ischemia.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Flk-1⁺cells were induced from iPS cells after four to five days of culture. Hind limb ischemia was surgically induced and sorted Flk-1⁺cells were directly injected into ischemic hind limbs of athymic nude mice. Revascularization of the ischemic hind limb was accelerated in mice that were transplanted with Flk-1⁺cells compared with control mice, which were transplanted with vehicle, as evaluated by laser Doppler blood flowmetry. Transplantation of Flk-1⁺cells also increased expression of VEGF mRNA in ischemic tissue compared to controls.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Direct local implantation of iPS cell-derived Flk-1⁺cells would salvage tissues from ischemia. These data indicate that iPS cells could be valuable in the therapeutic induction of angiogenesis.</p