Clinical and Arthroscopic Findings of Acute Anterior Cruciate Ligament Tears of the Knee

Clinical, arthrographic, and arthroscopic findings in 53 patients with acutely torn anterior cruciate ligaments (ACLs) were documented. Arthroscopy and instability tests under anesthesia were performed on all patients within 2 weeks after the initial injury. Twenty-three patients complained of extension blocks, and localized tenderness on the medial side was revealed in 26 patients at the initial examination. Aspiration from joints exhibited hemarthrosis in 52 patients. Arthroscopy revealed ACL ruptures in all patients. Four Segond's fractures, 26 meniscus tears (8 medial and 18 lateral), 1 osteochondral fracture, and 19 medial collateral ligament ruptures were revealed. Arthroscopy detected only 1 of the 5 ruptures of the posteromedial corner of the medial meniscus, which were noted on arthrography. Three ACL stumps were protruding among the femorotibial joint, which seemed to be restricting full extension. Statistical analysis showed that tenderness on the medial side was not revealed more frequently in knees with medial collateral ligament injuries than in the others. The volume of aspirated fluids in knees with no leakage in arthrography significantly increased over those with leakages (p < 0.05). Diagnosis of ACL injuries should be completed by clinical, arthrographic, and arthroscopic examinations

A Method for Sharing Traffic Jam Information using Inter-Vehicle Communication

V2VCOM2006 : Vehicle-to-Vehicle Communications , Jul 17-21, 2006 , San Jose, CA, USAIn this paper, we propose a method for cars to autonomously and cooperatively collect traffic jam statistics to estimate arrival time to destination for each car using inter-vehicle communication. In the method, the target geographical region is divided into areas, and each car measures time to pass through each area. Traffic information is collected by exchanging information between cars using inter-vehicle communication. In order to improve accuracy of estimation, we introduce several mechanisms to avoid same data to be repeatedly counted. Since wireless bandwidth usable for exchanging statistics information is limited, the proposed method includes a mechanism to categorize data, and send important data prior to other data. In order to evaluate effectiveness of the proposed method, we implemented the method on a traffic simulator NETSTREAM developed by Toyota Central R&D Labs, conducted some experiments and confirmed that the method achieves practical performance in sharing traffic jam information using inter-vehicle communication

A Technique for Information Sharing using Inter-Vehicle Communication with Message Ferrying

MDM'06 : 7th International Conference on Mobile Data Management , May 9-12, 2006 , Nara, JapanIn this paper, we propose a method to realize traffic information sharing among cars using inter-vehicle communication. When traffic information on a target area is retained by ordinary cars near the area, the information may be lost when the density of cars becomes low. In our method, we use the message ferrying technique together with the neighboring broadcast to mitigate this problem. We use buses which travel through regular routes as ferries. We let buses maintain the traffic information statistics in each area received from its neighboring cars. We implemented the proposed system, and conducted performance evaluation using traffic simulator NETSTREAM. As a result, we have confirmed that the proposed method can achieve better performance than using only neighboring broadcast

The outcomes of reconstruction using frozen autograft combined with iodine-coated implants for malignant bone tumors: Compared with non-coated implants

Objective: We perform reconstruction using frozen tumor bone treated by liquid nitrogen after excision of malignant bone tumors. To prevent post-operative infection, we use iodine-coated implants that we developed. The purpose of this study is to compare the outcome of reconstruction using frozen autograft with non-coated implants (group N) and iodine-coated implants (group I).Methods: Sixty-two patients were included in group N. The mean age was 31.9 ± 2.3 years. A total of 20 patients died and two were lost to follow-up, averaging 20.0 ± 2.9 months post-operatively, leaving 40 patients available for an assessment at a mean of 79.1 ± 5.8 months post-operatively. There were 38 patients in group I. The mean age was 29.8 ± 3.9 years. The mean follow-up period was 32.1 ± 3.0 months. All patients were alive at the latest follow-up. Survival of frozen bone was determined by Kaplan-Meier analysis.Results: In group N, survival of frozen bone was 80.7 ± 6.0% and 57.4 ± 10.2% at 5 and 10 years, respectively. Complications were encountered in 31 of 62 patients (50.0%), including deep infection in 10 (16.1%), fracture in 11 (17.7%), local soft-tissue recurrence in 6 (9.7%) and bone absorption in 4 (6.5%). In group I, survival of frozen bone was 86.7 ± 6.3% at 5 years. Complications were encountered in 8 of 38 patients (21.1%), including deep infection in one (2.6%), fracture in four (10.5%), local soft-tissue recurrence in two (5.3%) and bone absorption in one (2.6%). There was a significantly lower infection rate in group I (P = 0.032).Conclusion: Reconstruction using frozen autograft combined with iodine-coated implants for patients with malignant bone tumor is very useful method in which good limb function can be gained with minimized risk of infection. © The Author 2016. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved.Article number hyw065 / Embargo Period 6 month

Genetic analysis of typical wet-type age-related macular degeneration and polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy in Japanese population

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a common cause of blindness in the elderly. Caucasian patients are predominantly affected by the dry form of AMD, whereas Japanese patients have predominantly the wet form of AMD and/or polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV). Although genetic association in the 10q26 (ARMS2/HTRA1) region has been established in many ethnic groups for dry-type AMD, typical wet-type AMD, and PCV, the contribution of the 1q32 (CFH) region seem to differ among these groups. Here we show a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the ARMS2/HTRA1 locus is associated in the whole genome for Japanese typical wet-type AMD (rs10490924: \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$p = 4.1 \times 10 ^{ - 4}$$\end{document}, OR = 4.16) and PCV (rs10490924: \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$p = 3.7 \times 10 ^{ -8}$$\end{document}, OR = 2.72) followed by CFH (rs800292: \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$p = 7.4 \times 10 ^{ -5}$$\end{document}, OR = 2.08; \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$p = 2.6 \times {10^{ - 4}}$$\end{document}, OR = 2.00), which differs from previous studies in Caucasian populations. Moreover, a SNP (rs2241394) in complement component C3 gene showed significant association with PCV (\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$p = 2.5 \times {10^{ - 3}}$$\end{document}, OR = 3.47). We conclude that dry-type AMD, typical wet-type AMD, and PCV have both common and distinct genetic risks that become apparent when comparing Japanese versus Caucasian populations

Evolutionary Approach for AutoAugment Using the Thermodynamical Genetic Algorithm

Data augmentation is one of the most effective ways to stabilize learning by improving the generalization of machine-learning models. In recent years, automatic data augmentation methods, such as AutoAugment or Fast AutoAugment have been attracting attention; and these methods improved the results of image classification and object detection tasks. However, several problems remain. Most notably, a larger training dataset requires higher computational costs. When searching with a small dataset in an attempt to determine the data augmentation approach, the true data space and sampling data space do not fully correspond with each other, thereby causing the generalization performance to deteriorate. Moreover, in the existing automatic augmentation methods, the search phase is often dominated by an exceptional sub-policy, which results in a loss of diversity of operations. In this study, we solved these problems by introducing evolutionary computation to previous methods. As mentioned earlier, maintaining diversity is essential. Therefore, we adopted the thermodynamical genetic algorithm (TDGA), which can control the population diversity with a specific genetic operator, known as the thermodynamical selection rule. To confirm the effectiveness of the proposed method, computational experiments were conducted using two benchmark datasets, CIFAR-10 and SVHN, as examples. The experimental results show that the proposed method can obtain various useful augmentation sub-policies for the problems while reducing the computational cost