What Factors Affect the Decision to Invest in a Fuel Ethanol Plant?: A Structural Model of the Ethanol Investment Timing Game

DTRT13-G-UTC29Citation: Yi, Fujin, and C.-Y. Cynthia Lin Lawell. (Draft 2017). What Factors Affect the Decision to Invest in a Fuel Ethanol Plant?: A Structural Model of the Ethanol Investment Timing Game.This paper analyzes how economic factors, strategic factors, and government policies affect the decision to invest in building new ethanol plants in Europe

Environmental regulatory stringency and the market for abatement goods and services in China

経済学 / EconomicsWe provide an examination of the linkage between environmental regulation stringency and the demand for and supply of abatement goods and services. To that end we construct a five-equation simultaneous model that links environmental regulation stringency to abatement output through various underlying simultaneous mechanisms. This system is then estimated using a panel of 679 eco-firms in 78 industrial Chinese cities during the implementation period of collection and use of pollution discharge fees (promulgated by the Chinese State Council) from 2003 to 2007. We find that higher fees are generally associated with higher abatement supply but for some industries – notably wastewater treatment – there is evidence of ‘output restriction’, meaning that higher charges lead to a reduction in supply for established firms.JEL Classification Codes: J24, L60, Q56http://www.grips.ac.jp/list/jp/facultyinfo/munro_alistair

城乡经济循环下我国农村宅基地制度改革研究[J].农业经济问题

The reform of rural homestead system is not only key for Chinese land system reform in the new era，but also essential for unblocking the urban－rural economic circulation and building the new development structure. On the background of the new development structure with urban－rural economic circulation，this study tries to provide a comprehensive definition of urban－rural circulation and analyzes its requirements for the homestead system reform. Furthermore，this study designs an overall picture for future homestead system reform for circulating urban－rural economy based on the experience of its insti- tutional reform. This study points out that urban－rural economic circulation is impeded by the underde- velopment of rural area，and the homestead system reform is crucial for prospering rural development. Thus，this study suggests to deepen the rural homestead system reform in China from the following aspects，i. e. ，improving planning system in rural area and moderately relaxing the control of homestead use，clarifying the ownership of property rights and completing its rights，establishing the transaction market and standardizing the rules，etc. These measures are expected to ease the spatial ur- ban－rural separation，promote bidirectional flow of resources between city and village，equalize the pub- lic services and infrastructure，and thus further motivate rural development and eventually realize the ur- ban－rural economic circulation

人口流动对社会保障参与的影响

The 2015 China Comprehensive Social Survey data (CGSS) was used to compare the differences between floating population and unfloating population, rural-urban floating population and urban floating population, and the propensity score matching method (PSM) was used to estimate the impact of mobility and different types of mobility on their social security participation. The study found that mobility has a negative impact on social security participation is significant. Compared with the unmobile people, the probability of migrant people participating in social security is lower, with a decrease of about 9%; the probability of participation in social security is lower than that of urban-urban floating population, with a decrease of about 12%

住房属性、居住区位与流动人口城市融入

By analyzing the Migrants Population Dynamic Monitoring Survey Data in 2014, this paper adopts the Bivariate Probit model to investigate the impact of housing property and residential location on the urban integration of floating population. The study shows that housing property significantly affects the social integration of floating population, the floating population with own - owned property are more integrated into society. Ｒesidential location also has a significant positive effect on the social integration of the floating population, people living in commercial housing community has the most obvious impact. At the same time, the impact of residential location on the social integration of floating population will be regulated by community type. There are group differences in the impact of housing property and residential location on the urban integration of floating population. In addition，the study finds that whether floating population can purchase housing in cities are significantly related to their employment status. Based on this study, in the process of implementing the new type of urbanization strategy, we can improve the living quality of floating population to accelerate the process of citizenization of floating population by increasing the strength and coverage of housing security

社会保障参保行为与流动人口的社会经济公平感知——基于“乡城”与“城城”群体差异的考察

In the context of accelerated new urbanization, it is particularly important to re-examine equity. Based on functional theory and social cognitive theory, this paper uses the 2015 China General Social Survey (CGSS) data to analyze the impact of social security participation on the mobile population’s perception of socio-economic equity using the propensity score matching method, and further explores its impact mechanism. The study found that social security participation can effectively improve the mobile population’s perception of socio-economic equity by about 14%. Among them, the increase in the perception of socio-economic equity was greater for the rural-urban mobile population, at about 22%; however, the test results for the urban-urban mobile population failed to be significant. At the same time, institutional evaluation plays a mediating role in the impact of social security participation on the socio-economic equity perceptions of the mobile population. In general and the rural-urban mobile population. In this regard, the government needs to pay due attention to the function of social security in promoting social equity, improve the mobile population’s sense of socio-economic equity and reasonably guide the movement of the population between rural-urban and urban-urban areas

保障性住房用地配置的空间格局及影响因素——基于省、市、县三级空间错配视角

Exploring the spatial pattern of affordable housing land and understanding the allocation logic of multi-level governments can help promote the optimal land allocation and accelerate the equalization of regional basic public services. Based on the affordable housing land in China Land Market Network, this paper uses the kernel density and geographic detector model to study the spatial pattern of affordable housing land from the perspectives of the province, city and county levels in China and analyze the influencing factors of its spatial mismatch. The results show that: 1) The allocation pattern of affordable housing land shows strong spatial differentiation at all levels, and the dense distribution and scattered distribution are obvious. 2) There are spatial mismatches in the affordable housing land among all levels. Excessive and shortage mismatches coexist, and are closely related to land factors. 3) There are differences in the influencing factors of affordable housing land spatial mismatch. Affordable housing land basically follows the allocation logic of reducing costs among provinces. However, among cities and counties, it's affected by land constraints and land cost at the same time, showing a strong logic of task completion and cost reduction. Accordingly, suggestions are given: It should reasonably evaluate the demand for affordable housing and accurately allocate land resource, the supervision and assessment system of local governments needs to be optimized to prevent the strategic behavior

住房公积金缴存促进了农民工购房吗

As a part of China’s social security system, the housing provident fund (HPF) plays an important role in solving housing problems. This paper analyzes the internal mechanism of how housing provident funds influence migrant workers’house purchase, and then uses the dy- namic monitoring survey data of the floating population in 2016 to conduct relevant empirical re- search. Based on the probit model, it is shown that migrant workers’participation in the HPF system has a significant positive impact on the purchase of housing, with a marginal effect of approximately 5．73%. After using the propensity score matching method and instrumental variable method to control the endogeneity, the conclusion above not only remains robust but the marginal effect also increases． The sub-sample results point out that the effect of HPF on house purchase is most pronounced among new generations of migrant workers, and those who are employed in provincial capitals and sub-provincial cities. Besides, the HPF does promote the house purchase of middle - income migrant workers, but it does not significantly support the lowest and highest income groups in buying houses. That means a system characteristic of “Both ends subsidize the middle” exists. Finally, the paper discusses the relevant policy implications

"How does home ownership affect migrants’ sense of relative deprivation? An investigation based on field theory"

Background: China is continuing to witness rising numbers of migrants (e.g., individuals migrating from rural tourban areas), and alongside this are the social restrictions and institutional barriers migrants face. Such restrictions and barriers are a consequence of the long-standing urban-rural dualist system and can create a sense ofrelative deprivation among migrants—that is, dissatisfaction when migrants perceive they are at a disadvantagecompared with local residents of an area.Objective and method: Based on Pierre Bourdieu’s field theory, the current study used data from the 2017 ChineseGeneral Social Survey (N = 1849) to explore the mechanism through which migrants’ home ownership or nonownership in the migration process affects their sense of relative deprivation. To do so, a ranked regression andparallel multiple mediation model were developed. Additionally, a heterogeneity analysis was conducted toaccount for the region in which migrants lived and their age.Results: The results revealed that home ownership significantly reduced migrants’ relative deprivation. Moreover,the perception of economic and symbolic capital was found to play a role in the effects of wealth and class,respectively. From the heterogeneity analysis, the direct and mediated effects of housing attributes on migrants’relative deprivation were more significant for migrants in the eastern versus central and western regions ofChina, as well as among new-versus older-generation migrants.Conclusion: To improve the feasibility of home ownership among migrants and, thus, alleviate their relativedeprivation in the inflow area, relevant policies (e.g., improving the housing system pathway) should bedeveloped and implemented

家庭化流动背景下农民工城市融入水平对其农地流转行为的影响研究

Since the reform and opening up, hundreds of millions of rural migrants have been moving into the city to engage in non-agricultural employment due to the growing gap between urban and rural areas. After more than 40 years of migration between urban and rural areas, the migration pattern of rural migrants has gradually changed from "moving alone" into "moving with family members". Family-oriented migration, therefore has become the main mode of population migration in China, leading to significant structural changes regarding their living strategies and urban integration process in destination cities. The transfer of a large number of rural labor force to cities can effectively alleviate the contradiction of "more people and less land" in rural China, can promote land circulation and promote large-scale farming activities. However, in reality migrant workers face various personal and institutional obstacles during their integration into the cities. For instance, they are more often low-income social groups and have to bear the cost life in cities. Also, inequality regarding urban welfare systems makes it difficult for their family members to gain accessibility to equal educational, housing, social and medical welfares. These facts also affect their decision making on farmland transfer, even the majority of them no longer engage in farming activities. Therefore, under the background of family-oriented mobility, it is of great significance to explore the influence of migrant workers' urban integration level on their farmland transfer behavior, if further increase on farmland transfer rate in China is needed. Based on the push and pull theory, farmer's rationality hypothesis and new migration economic theory, this paper summarizes the relevant literature research results and construct a conceptual framework to explain influence mechanism of rural migrants’ urban integration level on their farmland transfer behavior under the background of family-oriented migration. From the empirical analysis, combined with the survey of 2017 Chinese rural-urban population flow (RUMiC) in 15 cities and 1033 samples data, the research conducted the following studies. First, using principal component analysis (pca) method. The research measured rural migrant family members’ urban integration level by decomposing it from the economic social and psychological dimension. Second, the Logit econometric model is constructed to empirically test the impact of rural migrants family members urban integration level and its related three dimension (economic, social and psychological) on their farmland transfer behavior. It further compared the influential differences of the three dimensions on the behavior. The results show that the urban integration level of the family members has a significant positive impact on their farmland transfer behavior. Specifically, both the economic and psychological integration level of rural migrants family members have a significant impact on the behavior of farmland transfer, while that of the social integration is not significant. In addition, the economic integration level of rural migrant family members has a greater impact on the decision-making of their farmland transfer than the social integration level and psychological integration level. Based on the aforementioned results, this research suggested to strengthen related institutional and socioeconomic supports for the integration of rural migrant workers and their family members and to reduce their dependence on farm land and related farming activities, which would help to promote their urban integration level. To make them to settle down in destination cities and to increase the productivity of farming activities