Identidades de pescadores caiçaras: heroísmo e precariedade em populações tradicionais?

Numa perspectiva eriksoniana, a identidade psicossocial manifesta-se no cotidiano ocupacional, familiar e intersocial. Transformações trazidas pelas interações ecossistêmicas que envolvem natureza, sociedades e tecnologia ocorrem, em ritmos e abrangências peculiares, nas diferentes áreas de trabalho humano da contemporaneidade. Dados da literatura mostram a pesca artesanal impactada por essas transformações. Com o objetivo de estudar aspectos de identidade em perfis psicossociais de pescadores artesanais, foram investigados três pescadores caiçaras da Baixada Santista (SP) através de entrevistas abertas, questionários e observações participantes. Com metodologia qualitativa, os resultados foram sistematizados indicando enaltecimento da profissão/ofício (o pescador herói que enfrenta grandes desafios da natureza) e atributos de um trabalhador envolvido em precariedades (prejuízos à saúde e subsistência), com poucos recursos de educação formal e de poder para enfrentamento de desafios emergentes das interações políticas contemporâneas. Os dados foram discutidos em perspectivas controversas do entendimento sobre comunidades de pescadores artesanais como populações tradicionais, em sua convivência com processos de modernização próprios da cultura urbana

Caicaras Fishermen Identities: Heroism and Precariousness in Traditional Populations?

From an Eriksonian perspective, psychosocial identity manifests itself in everyday occupational, family and intersocial relations. Changes resulting from ecosystemical interactions involving nature, society and technology take place in peculiar rhythms and ranges, in different areas of contemporary human work. Research shows artisanal fishing is impacted by these changes. In order to study aspects of identity in the psychosocial profiles of artisanal fishermen, three caicaras fishermen from Baixada Santista (SP) were investigated through open interviews, questionnaires and participant observation. Using qualitative methodology, the results were systematized indicating enhancement of the profession / craft (the hero fisherman that faces major challenges from nature) and attributes of a worker involved in precariousness (harm to health and livelihood), with few resources from formal education and power to face the emerging challenges of contemporary political interactions. The data was discussed in controversial perspectives of understanding on the artisanal fishermen communities as traditional populations, in their coexistence with the modernization processes of urban culture.Univ Fed São Paulo UNIFESP, Santos, SP, BrazilUniv Fed São Paulo UNIFESP, Santos, SP, BrazilWeb of Scienc

The politics of landscape

If film has been a way of mapping Latin America for viewers both national and foreign, landscape has simultaneously represented a resource for this “cartographic cinema” (Conley) and an alternative visual regime of space and place. Landscape, this essay argues, has provided Latin American cinema with a form of self-reflexivity about its own spatial operations and their symbolic political and cultural valences. Rural locations in particular offered both a screen onto which national and continental narratives of origin could be projected and a way of resisting these by drawing out the singularity of the local. After briefly discussing the role of landscape in silent and early sound film, I move to sketch out its key importance for the cinema of the 1960s and 1970s, and finally to contrast the latter's aesthetics of space and place with those of twenty first-century films informed, I argue, by a critical “neo-regionalism.

ViSHWaS: Violence Study of Healthcare Workers and Systems—a global survey

Objective To provide insights into the nature, risk factors, impact and existing measures for reporting and preventing violence in the healthcare system. The under-reporting of violence against healthcare workers (HCWs) globally highlights the need for increased public awareness and education.Methods The Violence Study of Healthcare Workers and Systems study used a survey questionnaire created using Research Electronic Data Capture (REDCap) forms and distributed from 6 June to 9 August 2022. Logistic regression analysis evaluated violence predictors, including gender, age, years of experience, institution type, respondent profession and night shift frequency. A χ2 test was performed to determine the association between gender and different violence forms.Results A total of 5405 responses from 79 countries were analysed. India, the USA and Venezuela were the top three contributors. Female respondents comprised 53%. The majority (45%) fell within the 26–35 age group. Medical students (21%), consultants (20%), residents/fellows (15%) and nurses (10%) constituted highest responders. Nearly 55% HCWs reported firsthand violence experience, and 16% reported violence against their colleagues. Perpetrators were identified as patients or family members in over 50% of cases, while supervisor-incited violence accounted for 16%. Around 80% stated that violence incidence either remained constant or increased during the COVID-19 pandemic. Among HCWs who experienced violence, 55% felt less motivated or more dissatisfied with their jobs afterward, and 25% expressed willingness to quit. Univariate analysis revealed that HCWs aged 26–65 years, nurses, physicians, ancillary staff, those working in public settings, with >1 year of experience, and frequent night shift workers were at significantly higher risk of experiencing violence. These results remained significant in multivariate analysis, except for the 55–65 age group, which lost statistical significance.Conclusion This global cross-sectional study highlights that a majority of HCWs have experienced violence, and the incidence either increased or remained the same during the COVID-19 pandemic. This has resulted in decreased job satisfaction