Children in Immigrant Families -- The U.S. and 50 States: National Origins, Language, and Early Education

Draws on new results of U.S. Census 2000 data to focus on children in immigrant families, highlighting the proportion, dispersion, national origins, language, and early education of children in newcomer families nationwide and in various states

Children in Immigrant Families - The U.S. and 50 States: Economic Need Beyond the Official Poverty Measure

Analyzes gaps between child poverty rates in immigrant families and native-born families based on two alternative measures that take into account the costs of housing, food, other basic necessities, transportation, taxes, child care, and early education

The Effects of Marijuana Decriminalization on Youth

Research suggests that physical and psychological health problems, as well as the inability to perform well academically and professionally, can be attributed to marijuana use, especially when individuals start smoking or consuming at an early age. Cannabis is not a federally legal substance, thus no regulatory agency exists that assures marijuana and marijuana-laced products are efficient and safe for the public. The lack of this substance’s control has lead to the accidental consumption of marijuana edibles by children, which are a population of particular concern along with adolescents due to the drug’s greater negative effect on their developing brain. Opponents also fear that use and crime will incremently increase with legalization. Statistics, however, prove that these beliefs are erroneous. On the contrary, supporters agree that the legalization of marijuana will greatly benefit society, for example, by decreasing crime rates and allowing law enforcement officials to focus on protecting citizens from real dangers. This argument might be accurate. Studies show that in states where marijuana has been decriminalized, delinquency has declined. Although adults in four American states can legally use marijuana recreationally, the drug is far from being licit at the federal level

The Lived Experiences of Women in Higher Education Administrator Roles Through the Salary Negotiation Process at the Time of Hire: A Phenomenological Study

The purpose of this phenomenological study was to describe the experiences of salary negotiation at the time of hire for women in full-time administrator positions at Texas institutions of higher education. Eagly’s social role theory guided this study to explain gender roles and negotiation. A qualitative research design with a phenomenological approach was used to explore the experiences of women in higher education administrator roles during the salary negotiation process. Institutions within the south-central regions of Texas, including public and private colleges and universities, served as the site for this study. Participants were 12 women in full-time administrator positions at one of the included Texas institutions in South Central Texas. For this study, administrators included vice presidents, assistant vice presidents, associate vice presidents, deans, associate deans, assistant deans, provosts, and directors. Data collection included individual interviews, a focus group, and document analysis to ensure triangulation. The analysis involved memoing, identifying patterns and themes through coding, and data presentation. The thematic findings of this study were should have asked for more, imposter syndrome, mentorship, and collaboration. Results indicated that many biases play into women in higher education administrator roles and the salary negotiation process at the time of hire. Women felt pressure to balance the expected roles of showing gratitude and politeness with negotiating a salary and appearing overly assertive. Access to data such as pay scales, budgets, market analysis, negotiation techniques, and preparedness can help women in higher education administrator roles negotiate salaries more effectively. Mentorship and supportive networks were found to be significant contributors to the salary negotiation success

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Does learning style instruction have a positive effect on academic achievement in the first grade?

The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of learning style instruction when implemented in a typical first grade classroom setting. The study was designed to determine if the use of several learning style methodologies would produce an increase in academic achievement. Two regular first grade classes were used as the Study and Control Groups. Each student in the Study Group was surveyed to discover possible learning styles present within the group. For approximately six months, the Study Group received instruction which was modified, wherever possible, to allow for each student\u27s individual needs. During this period, the Control Group received typical instruction with no allowances being made for individual learning styles. At the conclusion, both the Study and Control Groups were assessed to determine their current academic levels. The mean scores from each group were compared to determine if a significant difference existed between them. Through the use of comparative scores, the Study Group\u27s results revealed a significant increase on only one subtest. Therefore, the implementation of learning styles instruction in a regular education first grade classroom did not demonstrate a significant increase in academic achievement when compared to a similar first grade class receiving typical instruction

Child welfare workers\u27 perceptions of reunification services: Are timeframes feasible?

The purpose of this study is to explore the impact of current child welfare policy, specifically the Adoption Assistance and Safe Families Act of 1997 (ASFA), on the perceptions of child welfare workers about their decisions

Improving Frequency of Hand Hygiene Education from Providers to Patients

Hand hygiene compliance is one of the most simplest forms of preventing infection. This paper focuses on improving the frequency and standardizing hand hygiene education to patients delivered by health care professionals from a primary care clinic. The ambulatory suburban community clinic in Oakland primarily serves the underserved population. The target population are the following providers: Physicians, Physician Assistants, Nurse Practitioners, Registered Nurse, Licensed Practical Nurse, and Medical Assistants. A survey was adapted from evidence-based studies, WHO, and CDC to collect data on current hand hygiene education provided to patients from healthcare professionals. An additional survey was given to patients to assess baseline hand hygiene compliance and education that was provided by their health care providers. An educational tool was created for Physicians, Physician Assistants, Nurse Practitioners, Registered Nurse, Licensed Practical Nurse, Medical Assistants and Nursing Students to have available during patient calls to promote standardized hand hygiene education. Eighteen of 38 providers responded to surveys. Of those 18, 61.1% of health care providers stated hand hygiene education was not at all provided to their patients. The results called for standardizing hand hygiene education to be implemented using the educational tool four weeks to test effectiveness. Due to the competing demands of staff involvement during the COVID-19 transition, the clinical staff did not buy-in. For the implementation tool to take place, we recommended that future nursing students pilot the study by using the hand hygiene educational tool in person to test effectiveness. After the implementation of the educational tool during patient appointments, we would like to see an 20% increase of healthcare professionals providing hand hygiene education

Knowledge, Awareness, Perceptions, and Use of Emergency Contraceptives among Survivors of Intimate Partner Violence

The study examines emergency contraception (EC) knowledge, awareness, perceptions, and prior use and identifies predictors of EC use among a sample of survivors of intimate partner violence (IPV). The majority (66.2%) of 154 survivors at risk of pregnancy reported EC awareness, only 15.3% reported prior EC use. Logistic regression identified perceived abusive intimate partner approval (OR = 2.25; 95% CI = 1.15–4.41) and lack of moral/religious objections (OR = 12.83; 95% CI = 5.48–30.03) as the strongest predictors of EC use. Health care provider interventions acknowledging barriers to EC use, such as partner approval, and education that improves awareness of and knowledge about EC, may have the impact of empowering survivors in their reproductive choices, reducing unwanted pregnancies