The Reporting Recommendations Intended for Pharmaceutical Risk Minimization Evaluation Studies: Standards for Reporting of Implementation Studies Extension (RIMES-SE)

IntroductionThe Reporting recommendations Intended for pharmaceutical risk Minimization Evaluation Studies (RIMES) was developed to improve the quality of reporting of risk minimization program evaluations. In light of continued inadequacies in study reporting, and high-profile program implementation failures, we updated the RIMES Checklist to incorporate additional concepts from the Standards for Reporting of Implementation studies (StaRI).MethodsThe development of the updated checklist, the RIMES-StaRI Extension (RIMES-SE), entailed developing a study protocol and drafting an initial pool of items based on a mapping of the RIMES against the StaRI checklist. A modified e-Delphi exercise was then conducted to determine the importance and understandability of items for checklist inclusion. An expert workshop and an online commentary period for additional feedback followed.ResultsThe RIMES-SE contains 27 items. It includes two signature features of the StaRI Checklist: 1) a dual strand of items (represented in two columns) describing the risk minimization program (the ‘intervention’) and the corresponding implementation strategy; and 2) applicable to an array of different research methodologies.ConclusionsThe RIMES-SE Statement and Checklist extends the reporting guidelines set forth in the original RIMES Checklist via inclusion of key implementation science concepts. It is intended to improve the quality and transparency of reporting of risk minimization evaluation studies so as to advance drug safety science.<br/

Memoria del II Coloquio Internacional sobre Diversidad Cultural y Estudios Regionales

Desde la Sede de Occidente y, específicamente, en el seno de la Coordinación de Investigación y con el apoyo de la Dirección de la Sede y las Coordinaciones de Docencia, Administración y Acción Social, así como de la Vicerrectoría de Investigación, se han celebrado en el 2011 y en el 2012 dos coloquios internacionales sobre diversidad cultural y estudios regionales. El propósito de ambos consistió principalmente en motivar a investigadores e investigadoras de las distintas unidades académicas de la Universidad de Costa Rica y de otras instituciones de Educación Superior, así como a representantes de Centros e Institutos de Investigación nacionales e internacionales, a presentar resultados de investigaciones que contribuyeran a un mayor conocimiento de los procesos culturales y que dieran a conocer resultados que permitieran la comprensión de las realidades de distintos sectores y regiones. En el 2011 se presentaron cuarenta y seis ponencias y se dictaron tres conferencias magistrales, y en el 2012 se expusieron cincuenta ponencias y se impartieron tres conferencias magistrales.UCR::Sedes Regionales::Sede de Occidente::Recinto San Ramón::Centro de Investigaciones sobre Diversidad Cultural y Estudios Regionales (CIDICER

Cuidado a la familia con integrante que padece insuficiencia renal crónica mediante proceso enfermero

"La aparición de una enfermedad aguda, crónica o terminal en alguno de los miembros de la familia puede representar un serio problema tanto en su funcionamiento como en su composición. La Insuficiencia Renal crónica actualmente es la sexta causa de muerte de más rápido crecimiento. El tener un miembro de la familia con IRC implica muchas alteraciones en la estructura familiar. Esto incluye las características de la enfermedad y el tratamiento de hemodiálisis. Lo ya mencionado lleva a que se tenga que hacer una restructuración de los roles familiares. La enfermería comunitaria debe de trabajar con la misma comunidad, familia e individuo promoviendo la participación de la misma para satisfacer las necesidades de salud de la población. Los cuidados de enfermería a la comunidad o sociedad tienen como objetivo el prevenir factores de riesgo que pongan en peligro la salud individual y colectiva, han ido asumiendo cada vez más actividades y responsabilidades en la atención primaria brindando cuidado de la salud tanto para el paciente como en el ámbito familiar implementando estrategias para la promoción y prevención de la salud estableciendo relaciones interpersonales durante las visitas domiciliarias influyendo en que la familia haga conciencia para su autocuidado"

Applying Customer Discovery Method to a Chronic Disease Self-Management Mobile App: Qualitative Study

BackgroundA significant health challenge is evident in the United States, with 6 in 10 adults having a chronic disease and 4 in 10 adults having 2 or more. Chronic disease self-management aims to prevent or delay disease progression and disability and reduce mortality risk. The evidence to support the use of information technology tools, including mobile apps, web-based portals, and web-based educational interventions, that support disease self-management and improve clinical outcomes is growing. Customer discovery and value proposition design methodology is a form of stakeholder engagement and is based on marketing and lean start-up business methods. As applied in health care, customer discovery and value proposition methodology can be used to understand the clinical problem and articulate the product’s hypothesized unique value proposition relative to alternative options that are available to end users. ObjectiveThis study aims to describe the experience and findings of academic researchers applying the customer discovery and value proposition methodology to identify stakeholders, needs, adaptability, and sustainability of a chronic disease self-management mobile app (CDapp). The motivation of the work is to make mobile health app interventions accessible and acceptable for all segments of patients’ chronic diseases. MethodsData were obtained through key informant interviews and analyzed using rapid qualitative analysis techniques. The value proposition framework was used to build the interview guide. The aim was to identify the needs, challenges (pains), and potential benefits (gains) of the CDapp for our stakeholders. ResultsOur results showed that the primary consumers (end users) of a CDapp were the patients. The app adopters (decision makers) can be medical center leaders including population health department managers or insurance providers, while the consumer adoption influencers (influencers or saboteurs) are clinicians and patient caregivers. We developed an ecosystem map to visualize the clinical practice workflow and how an app for chronic disease management might integrate within an academic health care center or system. A value proposition for the identified customer segments was generated. Each stakeholder segment was working within a different framework to improve patient self-management. Patients needed help to adhere to self-care activities and they needed tailored health education. Health care leaders aim to improve the quality of care while reducing costs and workload. Clinicians wanted to improve patient education and care while reducing the time burden. Our results also showed that within academic medical centers, there were variations regarding patients’ self-reported abilities to manage their diseases. ConclusionsCustomer discovery is a useful form of stakeholder engagement when designing studies that seek to implement, adapt, and sustain an intervention. The customer discovery and value proposition methodology can be used as an alternative or complementary approach to formative research to generate valuable information in a brief period

CULTURA FINANCIERA EN EL SECTOR GANADERO DEL CANTÓN BABA.

El presente trabajo de investigación tiene como finalidad analizar la cultura financiera en el sector ganadero del cantón Baba. Es importante que el administrador conozca el concepto de cultura financiera y las consecuencias que conllevan el desconocimiento y la importancia de ella. Asimismo, el comprender que la cultura facilita el control de sus recursos financieros, lo que ayuda al buen manejo del presupuesto empresarial, personal y familiar. Es necesario contribuir con la formación integral de los administradores para que utilicen la innovación empresarial, valorar los riesgos financieros, endeudamiento y financiamiento de sus empresas que le permitan contribuir al desarrollo económico, local y a la población económicamente activa. A través de la relación, Universidad – Sociedad – Empresa se puede capacitar a este sector fortaleciendo de conocimientos y destrezas en las finanzas y la administración del mismo

Deamidated Human Triosephosphate Isomerase is a Promising Druggable Target

Therapeutic strategies for the treatment of any severe disease are based on the discovery and validation of druggable targets. The human genome encodes only 600&ndash;1500 targets for small-molecule drugs, but posttranslational modifications lead to a considerably larger druggable proteome. The spontaneous conversion of asparagine (Asn) residues to aspartic acid or isoaspartic acid is a frequent modification in proteins as part of the process called deamidation. Triosephosphate isomerase (TIM) is a glycolytic enzyme whose deamidation has been thoroughly studied, but the prospects of exploiting this phenomenon for drug design remain poorly understood. The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the properties of deamidated human TIM (HsTIM) as a selective molecular target. Using in silico prediction, in vitro analyses, and a bacterial model lacking the tim gene, this study analyzed the structural and functional differences between deamidated and nondeamidated HsTIM, which account for the efficacy of this protein as a druggable target. The highly increased permeability and loss of noncovalent interactions of deamidated TIM were found to play a central role in the process of selective enzyme inactivation and methylglyoxal production. This study elucidates the properties of deamidated HsTIM regarding its selective inhibition by thiol-reactive drugs and how these drugs can contribute to the development of cell-specific therapeutic strategies for a variety of diseases, such as COVID-19 and cancer

Repurposing of rabeprazole as an anti-Trypanosoma cruzi drug that targets cellular triosephosphate isomerase

AbstractTrypanosoma cruzi is the causative agent of American trypanosomiasis, which mainly affects populations in Latin America. Benznidazole is used to control the disease, with severe effects in patients receiving this chemotherapy. Previous studies have demonstrated the inhibition of triosephosphate isomerase from T. cruzi, but cellular enzyme inhibition has yet to be established. This study demonstrates that rabeprazole inhibits both cell viability and triosephosphate isomerase activity in T. cruzi epimastigotes. Our results show that rabeprazole has an IC50 of 0.4 µM, which is 14.5 times more effective than benznidazole. Additionally, we observed increased levels of methyl-glyoxal and advanced glycation end products after the inhibition of cellular triosephosphate isomerase by rabeprazole. Finally, we demonstrate that the inactivation mechanisms of rabeprazole on triosephosphate isomerase of T. cruzi can be achieved through the derivatization of three of its four cysteine residues. These results indicate that rabeprazole is a promising candidate against American trypanosomiasis

Transcultural validation of the 5-Item Dry Eye Questionnaire for the Mexican population

To translate and validate a Spanish-language adaptation of the 5-Item Dry Eye Questionnaire for the Mexican population. Based on the MAPI Institute guidelines, the linguistic validation procedures consisted of four steps. Every step was reviewed by the committee. The translated validated questionnaire was applied to 25 Mexican subjects. The questionnaires were completed by the same subjects at three time points, 8 h apart on the same day and then 3 days later. Sensitivity and specificity of the DEQ-5 to predict DE signs was subsequently estimated in 200 patients see in the Asociación para Evitar la Ceguera ophthalmology clinic. During the forward translation step analysis, the committee decided to change the severity scale, as the words "constantly" and "frequently" are synonymous in Spanish, so it was modified by changing "constantly" to "always" for better understanding. Overall, the intra-test intra-class correlation coefficient from tests administered on the same day was 0.9 (95% CI 0.77-0.95, p = 0.0005). The intra-test intra-class correlation coefficient from tests administered 3 days apart was 0.9 (95% CI 0.88-0.97, p = 0.0005). When applying the questionnaire to 200 patients seen in an eye clinic, we found a sensitivity of 76% and a specificity of 31% for a DEQ-5 score of ≥ 6, against 2 or more positive signs of dry eye. MAPI methodology proved to be a reliable strategy for the transcultural Dry Eye Questionnaire for translation from English to Spanish for the Mexican population

Bisphenol A (BPA) Found in Humans and Water in Three Geographic Regions with Distinctly Different Levels of Economic Development

The suspected endocrine disruptor bisphenol A (BPA) is associated with the manufacture, distribution, and use of epoxy resins and polycarbonate plastics; thus, studies of this compound have focused primarily on urban areas in developed countries. This small study investigating urinary BPA of 109 people was conducted in the urban United States, urban Jamaica, and rural Ghana. Additionally, local drinking and surface water samples were collected and analyzed from areas near study participants. Levels of BPA in both urine and water were comparable among all three sites. Thus, future studies of BPA should consider expanding investigations to rural areas not typically associated with the compound