Cultivares apirênicas de citros recomendadas para o Rio Grande do Sul.

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Avaliação de peras para fins de melhoramento.

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Tecnologias para produção de frutas cítricas sem sementes: escolha de cultivares e planejamento do pomar.

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Fisiologia da formação de sementes em citros.

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Effects of w-ACTX-Hv1a/GNA, a novel protein biopesticide targeting voltage-gated calcium ion channels, on target and non-target arthropod species

PhD ThesisAn increasing human population is met with the challenge of feeding over 10 billion people by 2050. Nowadays, over 20% of crop production is lost to insect pests. Chemical control agents, in general, present broad-spectrum activity, killing both pests and beneficial organisms that would contribute to production (i.e. pollinators and natural enemies). Previously, the insecticidal voltage-gated calcium channel blocker peptide ω-ACTX-Hv1a (Hv1a) was linked to the ‘carrier’ molecule snowdrop lectin (GNA). The resulting fusion protein, Hv1a/GNA, is highly toxic towards lepidopteran and coleopteran pests, presenting potential for use as a biopesticide. Here, the fusion protein was shown to also be toxic to the hemipteran pests Sitobion avenae and Myzus persicae, via artificial diet and when expressed in transgenic plants. However, its effects on non-target arthropods have not been previously evaluated. Therefore, toxicity of Hv1a/GNA was tested against two beneficial insects, the parasitoid wasp Eulophus pennicornis via its host, Lacanobia oleracea, and the honeybee Apis mellifera. The fusion protein did not present any significant tri-trophic negative effects on E. pennicornis, even when injected into host larvae. Honeybee survival was slightly affected when fed on high doses of fusion protein representing a ‘worst-case scenario’, but lead to no detectable effects when dosed with field-relevant levels. The fact that bees internalized Hv1a/GNA led to the hypothesis that the haemolymph-feeding parasitic mite Varroa destructor would be affected by the fusion protein. However, mites were able to digest the protein and hence no effects were recorded. Further attempts to target calcium channels in M. persicae and Tribolium castaneum via RNAi were made. Whilst there were no phenotypic effects, gene expression was down-regulated in T. castaneum. This study shows that Hv1a/GNA is a specific biopesticide, posing low risks against beneficial non-target organisms while being toxic to selected insect pests

Esporotricose felina no sul do Brasil : relato [de] casos refratários aos antifúngicos convencionais

O sul do Brasil é reconhecido por ser uma área endêmica para a esporotricose felina. No entanto, a notificação da doença não é obrigatória, apesar de ser uma zoonose emergente ao homem pela transmissão direta do patógeno fúngico por mordedura e arranhaduras de felinos. Apesar do itraconazol ser o fármaco de eleição, dificuldades na obtenção da cura clínica têm sido observados. Nesse sentido, esse estudo objetivou relatar uma série de casos de felinos refratários ao tratamento e alertar para as dificuldades no tratamento e controle da doença na região. Foi realizado um estudo retrospectivo a partir de dados clínicos de 14 felinos com esporotricose e atendidos no Hospital de Clínicas Veterinária da Universidade Federal de Pelotas (Pelotas, RS, Brasil) entre 2016 e 2017. Dos 14 gatos incluídos no estudo, 13 (92,85%) apresentaram lesões disseminadas e um (7,14%) apresentou lesão localizada. Destes, 4 (28,577%) evoluíram para lesões localizadas, sendo 3 em plano nasal. O período de tratamento registrado variou de 10 dias até acima de 36 meses. O itraconazol foi utilizado em 10 (71,42%) pacientes, associado ou não a outros fármacos com doses que variaram de 25 a 100 mg/gato. Três tutores abandonaram o tratamento felino. A espécie fúngica identificada em 100% dos gatos foi o Sporothrix brasiliensis. Nenhum gato apresentou cura clínica. Esse estudo alerta para a ocorrência de casos refratários aos medicamentos antifúngicos em gatos com esporotricose no Sul do Brasil, dificultando o sucesso terapêutico e o controle da doença na região.Southern Brazil is recognized for an endemic area for feline sporotrichosis. However, notification is not mandatory, despite being an emerging threat to humans through direct transmission of the fungal pathogen by biting and scratching of felines. Although itraconazole is the drug of choice, difficulties in healing have been observed. In this sense, this study aimed to report a series of refractory cases and to warn about the difficulties in the treatment of the disease in the region. A retrospective clinical data study of 14 patients with sporotrichosis treated in the Veterinary Clinics Hospital of the Federal University of Pelotas (Pelotas, RS, Brazil) between 2016 and 2017 was performed. Of the 14 cats included in the study, 13 (92, 85%) showed disseminated lesions and one (7.14%) showed located lesion. Of these, four (28.577%) evolved to located lesion, being three cats only at the nasal plane. The treatment period ranged of 10 days to over 36 months. Itraconazole was used in 10 (71.42%) patients, associated or not to other antifungal with doses ranging of 25 to 100 mg/cat. Three tutors abandoned the feline treatment. The fungal species was identified as Sporothrix brasiliensis in 100% of the cats. No cat showed clinical cure. This study alert for the occurrence of refractories cases to antifungals in cats with sporotrichosis in Southern Brazil, hindering the therapeutic success and the disease control

Avatares da instância crítica: supereu entre o isso e o princípio de morte

Si la définition classique du surmoi comme découlant du complexe d'dipe, présenté dans "Le moi et le ça" (Freud, 1923/1989), a une longue histoire, ce qui pourrait être dit au sujet de la définition selon la quel le surmoi est l'héritier du ça et sous-rogate des pulsions de mort? Comment harmoniser l'union des deux thèses qui définissent le surmoi - comme l'héritier d'dipe et héritier du ça? Grâce à une analyse minutieuse de trois passages extraits du "Le moi et le ça" (Freud, 1923/1989), nous soutenons que le concept de l'agressivité semble capable de traiter la relation entre le surmoi et des pulsions de mort. La pulsion de mort non seulement coopère au caractère impératif du surmoi, sa tendance à attaquer l'ego, mais il est responsable pour les variantes de cette attaque - la pression, la critique, la punition, la destruction. En outre, l'extension de la théorie de l'identification, son association avec le processus de disfusion pulsionnell, et l'hypothèse du caractère originaire des investissements d'objet dans le ça permet Freud d'unir, dans le surmoi, un aspect législatif, découlant de son patrimoine dipien, à l'aspect meurtrier.If the classical definition of the supereu as deriving from the Oedipus complex, presented in "The ego and the id" (Freud,1923/1989), has a long history, what could be said about the other definition of the supereu according to which it is heir of the id and sub-rogate to the death drives? How to harmonize the union of the two thesis that define the supereu - as heir to Oedipus and heir to the id? Through careful analysis of three exerts extracted from "The ego and the id" (Freud, 1923/1989) we argue that the concept of aggressiveness seems capable of dealing with the relation between the supereu and the death drives. The death drive not only cooperates to conform the imperative character of the supereu, its tendency to attack the ego, but is responsible for the variants of this attack - pressure, criticism, punishment, destruction. Furthermore, the extension of the theory of identification, its association with the process of drive disfusion, and the assumption of originating investments of object in the id allows Freud to unite, in the supereu, a legislative aspect, arising from its oedipal heritage, to the drive aspect.Se a clássica definição do supereu como resultado do complexo de Édipo, apresentado em "O ego e o id" (Freud, 1923/1989), tem uma longa história, o que poderia ser dito sobre a definição segundo a qual o supereu é o herdeiro do isso e sub-rogado das pulsões de morte? Como harmonizar as duas teorias que definem o supereu como o herdeiro do complexo de Édipo e herdeiro do isso? Por meio de uma análise cuidadosa de três passagens de "O eu e o isso" (Freud, 1923/1989), argumenta-se que o conceito de agressão é capital para caracterizar o vínculo entre o supereu e as pulsões de morte. As pulsões de morte não apenas determinam o caráter imperativo do supereu, a sua tendência para atacar o eu, mas são igualmente responsáveis pelas variantes deste ataque - pressão, crítica, punição e destruição. Além disso, a ampliação da teoria da identificação, sua associação com o processo de desfusão pulsional e a hipótese do caráter originário dos investimentos de objeto no isso permitem a Freud unir, no supereu, um aspecto legislativo, decorrente de sua herança edipiana ao aspecto pulsional mortífero.Si la definición clásica del superyó como derivado del complexo de Edipo, como se informó en "El yo y el ello" (Freud, 1923/1989), tiene una larga historia, ¿lo qué podría decirse acerca de la definición según la cual el superyó es el heredero de las pulsiones de muerte? ¿Cómo armonizar la unión de dos teorías que definen el superyó como el heredero del complejo de Edipo y el heredero del ello? A través de un cuidadoso análisis de tres pasajes de "El yo y el ello" (Freud, 1923/1989), se argumenta que el concepto de agresión parece capaz de manejar la relación entre el superyó y pulsión de muerte. La pulsión de muerte no sólo coopera con la naturaleza severa del superyó, su tendencia a atacar el yo, pero es la responsable por las variantes de este ataque - la presión, la crítica, el castigo, la destrucción. Además, la extensión de la teoría de la identificación, su asociación con el proceso de disfusión pulsional y la hipótesis del carácter originario de investimentos del objeto en el ello permite a Freud unir en el superyó un aspecto legislador, que surge de su herencia de Edipo al aspecto pulsional mortífero

Exploiting Cation Structure and Water Content in Modulating the Acidity of Ammonium Hydrogen Sulfate Protic Ionic Liquids

In this paper, we investigated the effect of cation structure and water content on proton dissociation in alkylammonium [HSO₄]⁻ protic ionic liquids (ILs) doped with 20 wt % water and correlated this with experimental Hammett acidities. For pure systems, increased cation substitution resulted in a reduction in the number of direct anion–anion neighbors leading to larger numbers of small aggregates, which is further enhanced with addition of water. We also observed spontaneous proton dissociation from [HSO₄]⁻ to water only for primary amine-based protic ILs, preceded by the formation of an anion trimer motif. Investigation using DFT calculations revealed spontaneous proton dissociation from [HSO₄]⁻ to water can occur for each of the protic ILs investigated; however, this is dependent on the size of the anion aggregates. These findings are important in the fields of catalysis and lignocellulosic biomass, where solvent acidity is a crucial parameter in biomass fractionation and lignin chemistry

Tratamento fitossanitário para nogueira pecã.

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