An Algorithm for Calculating Perimeter Length

The present paper proposes an algorithm for calculating accurately the perimeter length of a picture. The outline of the algorithm is as follows: for each cell or picture element (i,j) on the perimeter, a coefficient which corresponds to the minute perimeter length at the cell is assigned as a function of the situation of neighbor cells (i,j-l), (i-l,j) and (i-l,j-l), and the number of same situation connected along the perimeter. Then, the total perimeter length can be given as the sum of these coefficientso According to this methods, approximation accurate to 002 percent could be obtained in the blob patterns

Rekayasa Bakteri Untuk Ternak Dan Manusia: Pembuatan Mutan Escherichia Coli Penghasil Protein Rekombinan

Protein rekombinan seperti vaksin, antibodi, hormon, dan obat-obatan, semakin dibutuhkan oleh ternak dan manusia. Hambatan utama untuk menghasilkan protein rekombinan pada Escherichia coli sebagai inang yang digunakan paling luas adalah degradasi oleh enzim proteolitik. Hal ini disebabkan karena E. coli memiliki sejumlah enzim proteolitik yang tersebar di dalam sitoplasmanya. Untuk itu, lebih dari 90% degradasi protein terjadi di dalam sitoplasmanya. Pada penelitian ini, peneliti telah menghasilkan mutant E. coli BW25113 yang tidak memiliki gen penyandi enzim protease dengan menggunakan kombinasi metode pengerusakan kromosom dan metode transduksi phage P1. Pembuatan mutan tersebut dimulai dengan pengerusakan gen penyandi enzim protease pada kromosom bakteri dengan produk PCR yang memiliki bagian yang homolog dengan gen target. Mutan-mutan yang dihasilkan kemudian digunakan untuk menghasilkan mutan ganda dengan metode Transduksi phage P1. Analisis fenotif dan genotif menunjukkan bahwa kombinasi kedua metode tersebut sangat efektif untuk membuat lebih dari satu mutasi pada E. coli. Untuk itu, mutan E. coli yang telah diperoleh akan sangat bermanfaat untuk menghasilkan aneka protein rekombinan untuk ternak dan manusia

PCR amplification from single DNA molecules on magnetic beads in emulsion: application for high-throughput screening of transcription factor targets

We have developed a novel method of genetic library construction on magnetic microbeads based on solid-phase single-molecule PCR in a fine and robust water-phase compartment formed in water-in-oil (w/o) emulsions. In this method, critically diluted DNA fragments were distributed over the emulsion as templates, where beads crosslinked with multiple primers and other PCR components were encapsulated to form multiple reaction compartments. The delivered DNA was then amplified and covalently immobilized on the beads in parallel, within individual compartments, to construct a genetic library on beads (GLOBE), which was readily applicable to a genomewide global scanning of genetic elements recognized by a defined DNA-binding protein. We constructed a GLOBE of Paracoccus denitrificans and selected gene beads that were bound to the His-tagged transcription factor PhaR by flow cytometry. As a result of flow cytometry screening with an anti-His fluorescent antibody, the PhaR target fragments were enriched 1200-fold from this library with this system. Therefore, this system is a powerful tool for analyzing the transcription network on a genomewide scale

Advances and Analysis on Reducing Webpage Response Time with Effect of Edge Computing

Modern webpages consist of many rich objects dynamically produced by servers and client terminals at diverse locations, so we face an increase in web response time. To reduce the time, edge computing, in which dynamic objects are generated and delivered from edge nodes, is effective. For ISPs and CDN providers, it is desirable to estimate the effect of reducing the web response time when introducing edge computing. Therefore, in this paper, we derive a simple formula that estimates the lower bound of the reduction of the response time by modeling flows obtaining objects of webpages. We investigate the effect of edge computing in each webpage category, e.g., News and Sports, using data measured by browsing about 1,000 popular webpages from 12 locations in the world on PlanetLab

Survey of above knee (A/K) prostheses currently used in the Chugoku-Shikoku district of Japan

To determine the extent to which recent advances in biomechanical technology have been implemented and to evaluate these new technologies, 84 unilateral above knee (A/K) amputees and their prostheses were surveyed in the Chugoku-Shikoku district of Japan, especially in regard to the types, sockets and components of A/K prostheses currently in use. Background factors such as age and sex of the A/K amputees and the period after amputation were also surveyed. Of the 84 amputees surveyed, 74 (88.1%) were over 40 years old and 40 (47.6%) were over 60 years old. There were 10 women (11.9%) and 74 men (88.1%). The period after amputation was under 25 years in 58 (69.0%) cases. Regarding the type of A/K prostheses, one-third of the prostheses was of the exoskeletal type and two-thirds were of the endoskeletal type. Although the endoskeletal type is becoming more popular recently, elderly A/K amputees tend to use the exoskeletal type. Thirty-one (36.9%) had plug-fit sockets which are preferable for those who follow the Japanese practice of sitting on the floor, especially for elderly amputees. Thirty-seven (44.0%) had a lock-knee, 27 (73.0%) of which were used by amputees over 60 years old. Seventy-three (86.9%) had a single-axis ankle which is generally considered to be the most stable ankle. Thus, the most common combination of prosthetic components for elderly A/K amputees was the plug-fit socket, lock-knee joint and single-axis ankle.</p

Electronic properties of alkali-metal loaded zeolites -- a "supercrystal" Mott insulator

First-principles band calculations are performed for the first time for an open-structured zeolite (LTA) with guest atoms (potassium) introduced in their cages. A surprisingly simple band structure emerges, which indicates that this system may be regarded as a "supercrystal", where each cluster of guest atoms with diameter $\sim$10\AA acts as a "superatom" with well-defined $s$- and $p$-like orbitals, which in turn form the bands around the Fermi energy. The calculated Coulomb and exchange energies for these states turn out to be in the strongly-correlated regime. With the dynamical mean-field theory we show the system should be on the Mott-insulator side, and, on a magnetic phase diagram for degenerate-orbital systems, around the ferromagnetic regime, in accord with experimental results. We envisage this class of systems can provide a new avenue for materials design.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure