Landau-Peierls instability in a Fulde-Ferrell type inhomogeneous chiral condensed phase

We investigate the stability of an inhomogeneous chiral condensed phase against low energy fluctuations about a spatially modulated order parameter. This phase corresponds to the so-called dual chiral density wave in the context of quark matter, where the chiral condensate is spatially modulated with a finite wavevector in a single direction. From the symmetry viewpoint, the phase realizes a locking of flavor and translational symmetries. Starting with a Landau-Ginzburg-Wilson effective Lagrangian, we find that the associated Nambu-Goldstone modes, whose dispersion relations are spatially anisotropic and soft in the direction normal to the wavevector of the modulation, wash out the long-range order at finite temperatures, but support algebraically decaying long-range correlations. This implies that the phase can exhibit a quasi-one-dimensional order as in liquid crystals.Comment: 24page

Probiotics, Prebiotics, and Biogenics for the Stomach

Recently, many studies concerning probiotics, prebiotics, and biogenics have been performed, whereas only a few are related to the stomach (about 2% as publication number). In this chapter, we focus on recent studies on probiotics, prebiotics, and biogenics for the stomach and also describe our recent research on a novel strain of lactobacillus beneficial to stomach, Lactobacillus johnsonii No.1088 (LJ88). As probiotics for the stomach, some beneficial strains were summarized, and underlying mechanisms of anti-Helicobacter pylori activity were discussed. Prebiotics for the stomach were considered as a future potential target, since no indigenous bacteria beneficial to the stomach have been found to date. As biogenics, some plant-derived candidates were discussed. In this context, recent results on LJ88 lactobacillus were presented. Orally administered LJ88 inhibited H. pylori growth and the increase in the number of gastrin-producing cells, which side effect is caused by triple therapy for H. pylori. LJ88 had no resistance to typical antibiotics, and both living and heat-killed forms of it increased the number of bifidobacteria among human intestinal-microbiota in mice. These results suggest that LJ88 is a lactobacillus beneficial to both stomach and intestine as a probiotic and biogenic

高齢者講習データによるドライバの運転特性分析とドライバー主導型の安全運転支援の研究

愛知県立大学2015年

Optical Measurement of Cesium Behavior in a Large H− Ion Source for a Neutral Beam Injector

Optical emission in a negative hydrogen ion source for the Large Helical Device Neutral Beam Injector (LHD-NBI) has been measured to investigate the behavior of Cs. Two optical sight lines exist parallel to the plasma grid, in the discharge area and in the magnetic filter area near the plasma grid. In the discharge area, the spectrum intensity from Cs+ ions is considerably increased during 20 s of the beam extraction. This indicates a considerable increase in the Cs+ density inside the plasma due to the impact of back-streaming H+ ions. A strong neutral Cs spectrum is observed in the magnetic filter area, where the electron density is lower than in the discharge area. The rate of increase of neutral Cs is much enhanced after t = 30 s, probably because the Cs adsorbed on the cooled region inside the arc chamber evaporates because its temperature increases during the long pulse discharge

Proliferation and cell death of human glioblastoma cells after carbon-ion beam exposure: Morphologic and morphometric analyses

Histological analyses of glioblastoma cells after carbon-ion exposure are still limited and ultrastructural characteristics have not been investigated in detail. Here we report the results of morphological and morphometric analyses of a human glioblastoma cell line, CGNH-89, after ionizing radiation to characterize the effect of a carbon-beam on glioblastoma cells. Using CGNH-89 cells exposed to 0–10 Gy of X-ray (140kVp) or carbon-ions (18.3 MeV/nucleon, LET = 108 keV/μm), we performed conventional histology and immunocytochemistry with MIB-1 antibody, transmission electron microscopy, and computer-assisted, nuclear size measurements. CGNH-89 cells with a G to A transition in codon 280 in exon 8 of the TP53 gene had nuclei with pleomorphism, marked nuclear atypia and brisk mitotic activity. After carbon-ion and X-ray exposure, living cells showed decreased cell number, nuclear condensation, increased atypical mitotic figures, and a tendency of cytoplasmic enlargement at the level of light microscopy. The deviation of the nuclear area size increased during 48 hours after irradiation, while the small cell fraction increased in 336 hours. In glioblastoma cells of the control, 5 Gy carbon-beam, and 10 Gy carbon-beam, and MIB-1 labeling index decreased in 24 hours (12%, 11%, 7%, respectively) but increased in 48 hours (10%, 20%, 21%, respectively). Ultrastructurally, cellular enlargement seemed to depend on vacuolation, swelling of mitochondria, and increase of cellular organelles, such as the cytoskeleton and secondary lysosome. We could not observe apoptotic bodies in the CGNH-89 cells under any conditions. We conclude that carbon-ion irradiation induced cell death and senescence in a glioblastoma cell line with mutant TP53. Our results indicated that the increase of large cells with enlarged and bizarre nuclei, swollen mitochondria, and secondary lysosome occurred in glioblastoma cells after carbon-beam exposure.学位記番号：医博甲1096, 学位の種類：博士（医）, 学位授与年月日：平成20年3月25

Development of gelatin hydrogel nonwoven fabrics (Genocel®) as a novel skin substitute in murine skin defects

Introduction: Genocel is an emerging material, used in cell culture, with high mechanical strength and good cytocompatibility. Based on these characteristics, Genocel is considered a promising skin substitute for wound healing. In this study, we explored the possibility of using Genocel as a skin substitute for murine skin defects and compared it with a conventional skin substitute. Methods: Sheets of Genocel and Pelnac were applied to skin defects created on the backs of mice. On days 7, 14, and 21, the remaining wound area was evaluated and specimens were harvested for HE, Azan, anti-CD31, CD68, and CD163 staining to assess neoepithelialization, granulation tissue, capillary formation, and macrophage infiltration. Results: No significant differences in the wound area or neoepithelium length were observed between groups. The number of newly formed capillaries in the Genocel group was significantly higher than that in the Pelnac group on day 7 (p < 0.05). In contrast, granulation tissue formation in the Pelnac group was greater than that in the Genocel group on day 14 (p < 0.05). Regarding macrophage infiltration, the pan-macrophage number, M2 macrophage number, and M2 ratio in the Pelnac group were higher than those in the Genocel group on day 14 (p < 0.05). In other aspects, the two materials displayed comparable behavior. Conclusions: Genocel can be used as a skin substitute equivalent to the conventional one. In addition, Genocel accelerated capillary formation, which is more appropriate than conventional treatments for chronic skin ulcers, such as diabetic ulcers

Upgraded millimeter-wave interferometer for measuring the electron density during the beam extraction in the negative ion source

The upgraded millimeter-wave interferometer with the frequency of 70 GHz is installed on a large-scaled negative ion source. Measurable line-averaged electron density is from 2×1015to 3×1018m−3in front of the plasma grid. Several improvements such as the change to shorter wavelength probing with low noise, the installation of special ordered horn antenna, the signal modulation for a high accuracy digital phase detection, the insertion of insulator, and so on, are carried out for the measurement during the beam extraction by applying high voltage. The line-averaged electron density is successfully measured and it is found that it increases linearly with the arc power and drops suddenly at the beam extraction