九州北西部におけるミズゴケ類の分布

[雑録] Miscellaneous note

サキシマフヨウとフヨウの繁殖特性

The reproductive characteristic of Hibiscus makinoi Jotani et H. Ohba and H. mutabilis L.（Malvaceae）was studied in Nagasaki Prefecture, Kyushu, southwestern Japan. The former is distributed from the Ryukyu Islands to western Kyushu of Japan and the latter is widely cultivated and sometimes found escaped in natural habitats in western Japan. Compared with H. mutabilis, H. makinoi is delayed about a month in the phenology of flower production. Hibiscus makinoi produced flowers from late September to late October and H. mutabilis from middle or late August to late September. Hibiscus mutabilis was pollinated by Lepidoptera, mainly Cehonodes hylas and Coleoptera such as Oxycetonia jucunda. However, pollinators rarely visited flowers of H. makinoi. This may be due to the late flower season. Pollination experiments with the following four treatments were done : open pollination, autonomous self-pollination, hand self-pollination and hand cross-pollination. The results of fruits set and seed sets indicated that these two Hibiscus species strictly avoid self pollination but are clearly self-compatible

サキシマフヨウの花の形質と変異，特にフヨウとの比較において

Floral characters and their variations of Hibiscus makinoi Jotani et H. Ohba were examined in comparison with H. mutabilis L. Hibiscus makinoi, distributed from the Ryukyu Islands to western Kyushu of Japan, has been confused with H . mutabilis which is widely cultivated and sometimes escaped in western Japan. Eight flo-ral characters ; petal length, petal width, style length, anther-anther distance, anther-stigma distance, number of anthers, number of episepals, episepal width, and potential number of seeds per fruit and dry seed weight were measured for 10 individuals of H . makinoi and for 7 individuals of H . mutabilis, respectively. The petal length and width, style length, anther-anther distance, anther-stigma distance, and number of stamens of H . makinoi were signficantly smaller, and the episepal width was wider than those of H . mutabilis. Floral vari-ations in color and form of H . makinoi might be due to its ruderal habitat and for pollinators

Vegetational Succession and Conservation of Gensei-numa, Unzen (Nagasaki Prefecture)

The environmental condition, flora, vegetation, production and species diversity were investigated in Gensei-numa, Unzen, which lies at 670m altitude in the Shimabara Peninsula, Nagasaki Prefecture. The results are as follows : 1) A total of 162 vascular plants (149 angiosperms, 3 gymnosperms and 10 ferns) were observed. 2) From 63 phytosociological records obtained, 3 communities comprising 5 groups were recognized. 3) A total above-ground plant biomass excluding peat mosses in the moor was presumed 5.6 ton per year. 4) Species diversity of tree communities in the moor were from 0.205 to 0.769. From the results, we discuss on a new conservation plan of the moor vegetation of Gensei-numa

産業医科大学構内と付近の自然林の蘇苔類の研究

Bryophyte communities were studied at six study sites on and near the UOEH campus in 1981 and 1982. The sites are different in habitat conditions ranging from a little disturbed natural forest of Castanopsis sieboldii, through secondary forest, lawn on slope, lawn on flat site and shrubbery, to cracks between the concrete slabs. The number of bryophyte species decreased, with increasing disturbance, from 23 through 18, 12, 7 and 4, to 2 in the six study sites respectively. Of the 23 species occurring in the natural forest, 17 were exclusive to the forest site and the remaining 6 were common to the secondary forest. The species occurring on the UOEH campus excepting for those in the secondary forest were the pioneer ones or those which can grow under heavily human impact conditions. They were Bryum capillare, Ceratodon purpureus, Weissia controversa Barbula unguiculata, Bryum argenteum and Brachymenium exile. Bryum argenteum and Brachymenium exile which were distributed even in the cracks between the concrete slabs of the pavement created 3 years ago. In the lawn area, both number of species and abundance are larger on the slope than on the flat site. On the slope, Barbula unguiculata is distributed through a wide range of the environment. But others are abundant on the slope facing the north.(Received 11 August 1982)北九州市の人為による生態系の破壊と再生の系列に沿って6種の生態系型を調査地に選び蘇苔類の種類組成, 常在度, 被度を調べて比較研究した. 種数は産業医科大学構内のコンクリート舗装路の割れ目(2種), 低木の植込み(4種), 平坦地の芝生(7種), 斜面の芝生(12種), 構内の二次林(18種), 遠賀町のシイ自然林(23種)の順に増加した. 苔類は二次林(3種)と自然林(10種)のみに出現した. 舗装路の割れ目にはギンゴケ, ホソウリゴケが進入し, 植込みと芝生にはそれ以外にハリガネゴケ, ヤノウエノアカゴケ, ツチノウエノコゴケ, ネジクチゴケなどがみられる. これらは群落遷移における先駆的な種類であると共に, 大気汚染などの人為影響にもよく耐えうる. 芝生では平坦地よりも, 特に北向きの斜面に種数, 量とも多い. シイ自然林の蘇苔類はその大部分が山地など人為影響の最も少ない地域に出現する種類である. 産業医大構内では, 残存二次林の内に自然林との共通種が6種あったが, それ以外の地域には, シイ自然林との共通種は全く出現していない

産業医科大学構内と付近の自然林の蘇苔類の研究

Bryophyte communities were studied at six study sites on and near the UOEH campus in 1981 and 1982. The sites are different in habitat conditions ranging from a little disturbed natural forest of Castanopsis sieboldii, through secondary forest, lawn on slope, lawn on flat site and shrubbery, to cracks between the concrete slabs. The number of bryophyte species decreased, with increasing disturbance, from 23 through 18, 12, 7 and 4, to 2 in the six study sites respectively. Of the 23 species occurring in the natural forest, 17 were exclusive to the forest site and the remaining 6 were common to the secondary forest. The species occurring on the UOEH campus excepting for those in the secondary forest were the pioneer ones or those which can grow under heavily human impact conditions. They were Bryum capillare, Ceratodon purpureus, Weissia controversa Barbula unguiculata, Bryum argenteum and Brachymenium exile. Bryum argenteum and Brachymenium exile which were distributed even in the cracks between the concrete slabs of the pavement created 3 years ago. In the lawn area, both number of species and abundance are larger on the slope than on the flat site. On the slope, Barbula unguiculata is distributed through a wide range of the environment. But others are abundant on the slope facing the north.(Received 11 August 1982)北九州市の人為による生態系の破壊と再生の系列に沿って6種の生態系型を調査地に選び蘇苔類の種類組成, 常在度, 被度を調べて比較研究した. 種数は産業医科大学構内のコンクリート舗装路の割れ目(2種), 低木の植込み(4種), 平坦地の芝生(7種), 斜面の芝生(12種), 構内の二次林(18種), 遠賀町のシイ自然林(23種)の順に増加した. 苔類は二次林(3種)と自然林(10種)のみに出現した. 舗装路の割れ目にはギンゴケ, ホソウリゴケが進入し, 植込みと芝生にはそれ以外にハリガネゴケ, ヤノウエノアカゴケ, ツチノウエノコゴケ, ネジクチゴケなどがみられる. これらは群落遷移における先駆的な種類であると共に, 大気汚染などの人為影響にもよく耐えうる. 芝生では平坦地よりも, 特に北向きの斜面に種数, 量とも多い. シイ自然林の蘇苔類はその大部分が山地など人為影響の最も少ない地域に出現する種類である. 産業医大構内では, 残存二次林の内に自然林との共通種が6種あったが, それ以外の地域には, シイ自然林との共通種は全く出現していない

北九州地域における着生蘇苔類の金属含有量

Metal contents in epiphytic bryophytes growing at Yahata Nishi-ku, Kitakyushu City and its vicinity were measured. Measurements were made both on the contents in the plant body of a single species Clastobryella kusatsuensis and on those of the whole bryophytic community. Contents of eight elements (Fe, Zn, Mn, Cr, Pb, Ni, Cu and Cd) decrease generally with increase in distance from the center of the industrialized area. No such marked regional difference was seen in the contents of Ca and Mg. The ratios of seven klnds of elements (Fe, Mn, Cr. Pb, Ni, Cu and Cd) in bryophytes almost coincide with those in airborne particulates. It was proved that C. kusatsuensis and communities of bryophytes can be an indicator of air pollution by metals.(Received 12 November 1982)高度開発地域での企属による環境治染を探る基礎資料を得る目的のため, 北九州市八幡西区とその周辺地域の着生薊苔類の体内金属量を, コモチイトゴケ1種および群落全体についで測定した. Fe, Zn, Mn, Cr, Pb, Ni, Cu, Cdの量は工業の中心地域から遠ざかる程減少する傾向を示したが, Ca, Mgは地域的な差が見られなかった. Fe, Mn, Cr, Pb, Ni, Cu, Cdの蘇苔類体内の含有量の比率は, 大気中の比率とほぼ一致した. コモチイトゴケ1種, 薊苔類群落全体について, 大気の金属汚染の生物指標となることが示唆された